Routine intracranial pressure monitoring in acute coma.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Breastfeeding is important, however not all infants can feed at the breast and methods of expressing milk need evaluation. OBJECTIVES:To assess acceptability, effectiveness, safety, effect on milk composition, contamination and costs of methods of milk expression. SEARCH METHODS:We searched the Cochrane Pr...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Becker GE,Smith HA,Cooney F

更新日期：2016-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common disorder, for which several surgical treatment options are available. OBJECTIVES:To compare the efficacy of the various surgical techniques in relieving symptoms and promoting return to work and/or activities of daily living and to compare the occurrence of side-effects an...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Scholten RJ,Gerritsen AA,Uitdehaag BM,van Geldere D,de Vet HC,Bouter LM

更新日期：2004-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Rosacea is a common skin condition affecting the face, characterised by flushing, redness, pimples, pustules and dilated blood vessels. The eyes are often also involved. The cause of rosacea is unclear. It is a chronic disease, which can be controlled in most cases with appropriate treatment. Numerous treatm...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： van Zuuren EJ,Graber MA,Hollis S,Chaudhry M,Gupta AK

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Early-onset group B beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GBS) infection accounts for approximately 30% of neonatal infections, has a high mortality rate and is acquired through vertical transmission from colonized mothers. Several trials have demonstrated the efficacy of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis (IPC) for preve...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Stade B,Shah V,Ohlsson A

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous reports have shown that ion content in the air may have an effect on respiratory function. Results from studies which test the efficacy of air ionisers to reduce asthma symptoms are often inconclusive and their use as a treatment for asthma remains debatable. OBJECTIVES:We conducted a systematic re...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Blackhall K,Appleton S,Cates CJ

更新日期：2012-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Falls are one of the most common medical complications after stroke with a reported incidence of 7% in the first week after stroke onset. Studies investigating falls in the later phase after stroke report an incidence of up to 73% in the first year post-stroke. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effectiveness of in...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Verheyden GS,Weerdesteyn V,Pickering RM,Kunkel D,Lennon S,Geurts AC,Ashburn A

更新日期：2013-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Surgery has been used as part of breast cancer treatment for centuries; however any surgical procedure has the potential risk of infection. Infection rates for surgical treatment of breast cancer are documented at between 3% and 15%, higher than average for a clean surgical procedure. Pre- and perioperative ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gallagher M,Jones DJ,Bell-Syer SV

更新日期：2019-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Anaemia in pregnancy is a major health problem in many developing countries where nutritional deficiency, malaria and other parasitic infections contribute to increased maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects of iron supplementation o...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Mahomed K

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Anticoagulation may improve survival in patients with cancer through an antitumor effect in addition to the perceived antithrombotic effect. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of parenteral anticoagulants in patients with cancer with no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for anticoagulation....

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Akl EA,Gunukula S,Barba M,Yosuico VE,van Doormaal FF,Kuipers S,Middeldorp S,Dickinson HO,Bryant A,Schünemann H

更新日期：2011-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers, which have the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC)...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ferrante di Ruffano L,Dinnes J,Deeks JJ,Chuchu N,Bayliss SE,Davenport C,Takwoingi Y,Godfrey K,O'Sullivan C,Matin RN,Tehrani H,Williams HC,Cochrane Skin Cancer Diagnostic Test Accuracy Group.

更新日期：2018-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bacterial sepsis and wound complications after liver transplantation increase mortality, morbidity, or hospital stay and are likely to increase overall transplant costs. All liver transplantation patients receive antibiotic prophylaxis. This is an update of our 2008 Cochrane systematic review on the same top...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gurusamy KS,Nagendran M,Davidson BR

更新日期：2014-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Meningococcal disease begins suddenly and death can follow within hours. Pre-admission antibiotic therapy aims to prevent delay in starting therapy that occurs if bacterial confirmation is sought before instituting therapy. OBJECTIVES:To study the effectiveness and safety of pre-admission antibiotics versus...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Sudarsanam T,Rupali P,Tharyan P,Abraham OC,Thomas K

更新日期：2008-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ganoderma lucidum (also known as lingzhi or reishi) is a mushroom that has been consumed for its broad medicinal properties in Asia for over 2000 years. G lucidum is becoming increasingly popular in western countries as a complementary medicine for cardiovascular health. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effective...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Klupp NL,Chang D,Hawke F,Kiat H,Cao H,Grant SJ,Bensoussan A

更新日期：2015-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder of unknown aetiology. Current pharmacological treatments have limited value. Hypnotherapy has been reported to have beneficial effects for IBS symptoms. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the efficacy of hypnotherapy for the treatment of ir...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Webb AN,Kukuruzovic RH,Catto-Smith AG,Sawyer SM

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Advantages of early pregnancy ultrasound screening are thought to be more accurate calculation of gestational age, earlier identification of multiple pregnancies, and diagnosis of non-viable pregnancies and certain fetal malformations. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the use of routine...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Neilson JP

更新日期：2010-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hip fracture patients have a high risk of thrombo-embolic complications following surgical management. OBJECTIVES:To examine the effects of heparin (unfractionated (U), and low molecular weight (LMW) heparins), and physical methods (compression stockings, calf or foot pumps) for prevention of deep venous th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Handoll HH,Farrar MJ,McBirnie J,Tytherleigh-Strong G,Milne AA,Gillespie WJ

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chlorpromazine, formulated in the 1950s, remains a benchmark treatment for people with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effects of chlorpromazine for schizophrenia in comparison with placebo. SEARCH STRATEGY:We updated previous searches of the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Register (October 1999), ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Adams CE,Awad G,Rathbone J,Thornley B

更新日期：2007-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although effective in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is not universally accepted by users. Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions may help people with OSA recognise the need for regular and continued use of CPAP. OBJECTIVES:To asses...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wozniak DR,Lasserson TJ,Smith I

更新日期：2014-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Systemic cytostatic therapies for advanced, metastatic thyroid carcinomas have been poorly effective. Tumor growth and metastasis depend on blood supply and blood vessel formation (angiogenesis). Therefore, inhibition of angiogenesis may represent a promising target for cancer therapy. OBJECTIVES:To evaluat...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Tan A,Xia N,Gao F,Mo Z,Cao Y

更新日期：2010-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Intermittent locking of central venous catheters (CVCs) is undertaken to help maintain their patency. There are systematic variations in care: some practitioners use heparin (at different concentrations), whilst others use 0.9% NaCl (normal saline). This review looks at the effectiveness and safety of interm...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： López-Briz E,Ruiz Garcia V,Cabello JB,Bort-Martí S,Carbonell Sanchis R,Burls A

更新日期：2018-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recurrent chest pain in the absence of coronary artery disease is a common problem that sometimes leads to excess use of medical care. Although many studies examine the causes of pain in these patients, few clinical trails have evaluated treatment. The studies reviewed in this paper provide an insight into t...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kisely S,Campbell LA,Skerritt P

更新日期：2005-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The vicious cycle hypothesis for bronchiectasis predicts that bacterial colonisation of the respiratory tract perpetuates inflammatory change. This damages the mucociliary escalator, preventing bacterial clearance and allowing persistence of pro-inflammatory mediators. Conventional treatment with physiothera...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hnin K,Nguyen C,Carson KV,Evans DJ,Greenstone M,Smith BJ

更新日期：2015-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is not clear whether prophylactic antiviral therapy is indicated in patients undergoing liver transplantation for chronic decompensated hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. OBJECTIVES:To compare the benefits and harms of different prophylactic anti-viral therapies for patients undergoing liver transplantat...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gurusamy KS,Tsochatzis E,Davidson BR,Burroughs AK

更新日期：2010-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sickle cell disease is an inherited genetic disorder characterized by an abnormality of haemoglobin that predisposes to polymerization and consequent deformation ("sickling"). Sickle cell disease can cause episodes of acute severe pain. Chronic pain may also occur. Currently, pain is inadequately managed. O...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Dunlop RJ,Bennett KC

更新日期：2006-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cognitive deficits are common in people who have received cranial irradiation and have a serious impact on daily functioning and quality of life. The benefit of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of cognitive deficits in this population is unclear. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effectiveness of in...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Day J,Zienius K,Gehring K,Grosshans D,Taphoorn M,Grant R,Li J,Brown PD

更新日期：2014-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) has been proposed as a means of reducing pain in labour. The TENS unit emits low-voltage electrical impulses which vary in frequency and intensity. During labour, TENS electrodes are generally placed on the lower back, although TENS may be used to stimulate acupuncture...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Dowswell T,Bedwell C,Lavender T,Neilson JP

更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Poor growth and nutritional status are common in children with chronic diseases. Oral protein calorie supplements are used to improve nutritional status in these children. These expensive products may be associated with some adverse effects, e.g. the development of inappropriate eating behaviour patterns. Th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Francis DK,Smith J,Saljuqi T,Watling RM

更新日期：2015-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Vaginal dilation therapy is advocated after pelvic radiotherapy to prevent stenosis (abnormal narrowing of the vagina), but can be uncomfortable and psychologically distressing. OBJECTIVES:To assess the benefits and harms of different types of vaginal dilation methods offered to women treated by pelvic radi...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Miles T,Johnson N

更新日期：2014-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Actinic keratoses are a skin disease caused by long-term sun exposure, and their lesions have the potential to develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Treatments for actinic keratoses are sought for cosmetic reasons, for the relief of associated symptoms, or for the prevention of skin cancer development. Detec...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gupta AK,Paquet M,Villanueva E,Brintnell W

更新日期：2012-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hodgkin's disease is one of the most curable cancers in children, particularly at the early stages. However it is not clear which combinations of treatment strategies are most effective at maintaining high cure rates and minimising long term harmful effects or sequelae of treatment. OBJECTIVES:To assess the...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Louw G,Pinkerton CR

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00