Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Diagnostic problems in clinical trials are sometimes ordinal. For example, colon tumor staging was performed according to the TNM classification. However, clinical data are limited by markedly small sample sizes in some stage. METHODS:We propose a distribution-free test for detecting ordered alternatives in a completely randomized design. The new statistic is based on summing all correctly (ascending) ordered samples. RESULTS:The exact mean and variance of the null distribution are derived and it is shown that this distribution is asymptotically normal. Furthermore, we show using Monte Carlo simulation that the proposed test is a significant improvement over the Terpstra-Magel test. That is, power is decreased where the investigator falsely assumes an a priori ordering relationship. CONCLUSIONS:We conclude that these tests frequently detect an ordered trend when, in fact, one does not exist. However, the new test can reduce the error rate, at least not to the extent in which the Jonckheere-Terpstra test does.
journal_name
BMC Med Res Methodoljournal_title
BMC medical research methodologyauthors
Chang CH,Chin CC,Yu WW,Huang YYdoi
10.1186/1471-2288-13-148subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-12-05 00:00:00pages
148issn
1471-2288pii
1471-2288-13-148journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Syntheses of qualitative studies can inform health policy, services and our understanding of patient experience. Meta-ethnography is a systematic seven-phase interpretive qualitative synthesis approach well-suited to producing new theories and conceptual models. However, there are concerns about the quality ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-14-119
更新日期:2014-11-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In randomised controlled trials, the assumption of independence of individual observations is fundamental to the design, analysis and interpretation of studies. However, in individually randomised trials in primary care, this assumption may be violated because patients are naturally clustered within primary ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-020-00971-7
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical quality registries and other systems that conduct routine post-discharge surveillance of patient outcomes following surgery may have difficulty surveying patients who have limited proficiency in the language of the healthcare provider. Interpreter proxies (family and carers) are often used due to li...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-019-0854-1
更新日期:2019-11-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Various papers have addressed pros and cons of the stepped wedge cluster randomized trial design (SWD). However, some issues have not or only limitedly been addressed. Our aim was to provide a comprehensive overview of all merits and limitations of the SWD to assist researchers, reviewers and medical ethics ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-015-0090-2
更新日期:2015-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) provide aid in clinical decision making and therefore need to take into consideration human, data interactions, and cognitive functions of clinical decision makers. The objective of this paper is to introduce a high level reference model that is intended to be used as a foundat...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-018-0587-6
更新日期:2018-11-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a recognised need to build primary care medication adherence services which are tailored to patients' needs. Continuous quality improvement of such services requires a regular working method of measuring adherence in order to monitor effectiveness. Self report has been considered the method of choic...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-149
更新日期:2011-11-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The primary aim of this study was to provide an estimate of effect size for the functional outcome of operative versus non-operative treatment for patients with an acute rupture of the Achilles tendon using accelerated rehabilitation for both groups of patients. The secondary aim was to assess the use of a c...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-39
更新日期:2011-04-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Standard random-effects meta-analysis methods perform poorly when applied to few studies only. Such settings however are commonly encountered in practice. It is unclear, whether or to what extent small-sample-size behaviour can be improved by more sophisticated modeling. METHODS:We consider likelihood-based...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-018-0618-3
更新日期:2019-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Meta-analysis typically involves combining the estimates from independent studies in order to estimate a parameter of interest across a population of studies. However, outliers often occur even under the random effects model. The presence of such outliers could substantially alter the conclusions in a meta-a...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-19
更新日期:2011-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In order to accurately measure and monitor levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in older adults, cost efficient and valid instruments are required. To date, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) has not been validated with older adults (aged ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2018-12-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-administered questionnaires are becoming increasingly common in general practice. Much research has explored methods to increase response rates but comparatively few studies have explored the effect of questionnaire administration on reported answers. METHODS:The aim of this study was to determine the ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-8-42
更新日期:2008-06-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cluster randomised controlled trials (CRCTs) are frequently used in health service evaluation. Assuming an average cluster size, required sample sizes are readily computed for both binary and continuous outcomes, by estimating a design effect or inflation factor. However, where the number of clusters are fix...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-102
更新日期:2011-06-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-019-0660-9
更新日期:2019-01-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The most commonly used survey methods are self-administered questionnaires, telephone interviews, and a mixture of both. But until now evidence out of randomised controlled trials as to whether patient responses differ depending on the survey mode is lacking. Therefore this study assessed whether patient res...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-7-50
更新日期:2007-11-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data on lifetime exposures are often self-reported in epidemiologic studies, sometimes many years after the relevant age. Validity of self-reported data is usually inferred from their agreement with measured values, but few studies directly quantify the likely effects of reporting errors in body size and rep...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-7
更新日期:2011-01-17 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-017-0469-3
更新日期:2018-01-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-45
更新日期:2011-04-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-91
更新日期:2012-07-02 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-6
更新日期:2011-01-17 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-020-0910-x
更新日期:2020-02-05 00:00:00
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pub_type: 信件
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更新日期:2013-05-10 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
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更新日期:2020-04-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-6-52
更新日期:2006-10-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-11-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-018-0500-3
更新日期:2018-05-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-4-26
更新日期:2004-11-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recruitment to clinical trials can be challenging. Methods that improve the efficiency of trial recruitment are needed to increase successful study completions. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether sending an audio-visual presentation on a digital versatile disc (DVD), along with usual study invita...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2019-01-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-10-81
更新日期:2010-09-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-183
更新日期:2012-11-29 00:00:00