Abstract：
:The effects of inflammatory changes on the absorption of different-sized probes and their permeability ratios are poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a pharmacological agent on the permeability of the gut mucosa to saccharidic probes of larger and smaller molecular weight. Permeability was assessed by half-hourly urinary excretion of a combined dose of d-mannitol, l-rhamnose and lactulose following consumption of a single 600 mg dose of aspirin and compared with a placebo in a cross-over study in 20 healthy female volunteers. The temporal patterns of excretion of all probes were bimodal, being best fitted by polynomial functions. The relatively small early peak was evident for at least 4 h for smaller sugars, but was less evident with lactulose, being overshadowed by a larger second peak. These conclusions were further supported by separate analyses of the segments of the temporal plots between 2.5 and 4 h and between 4.5 and 6 h. The forms of these curves did not change significantly following dosing with aspirin. A greater proportion of the total dose of mannitol than rhamnose was excreted over the collection period. Following the consumption of aspirin, the cumulative rate of excretion of the smaller sugars (i.e. mannitol and rhamnose) was significantly reduced whereas that of lactulose was increased over the 6 h collection period. Aspirin has opposite effects on the absorption of larger and smaller probes, influencing the outcome of the test. These results have important consequences for the design and comparison of clinical tests of permeability.
journal_name
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physioljournal_title
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiologyauthors
Sequeira IR,Lentle RG,Kruger MC,Hurst RDdoi
10.1111/1440-1681.12163subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-02-01 00:00:00pages
107-17issue
2eissn
0305-1870issn
1440-1681journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has become a major disease that threatens human health. Neurotransmitters and the amygdala are found to be critical in the development and maintenance of PTSD. We aim to investigate the role of glycyrrhizin in treating PTSD. Contextual fear extinction and elevated plus maze test w...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.13173
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is colocalized with catecholamines in central regions involved in blood pressure regulation and exerts depressor responses in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Ageing is accompanied by a decline in baroreflex function and a reduction in NPY concentrations in some brain areas. The present st...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb01801.x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The concentration of renin and angiotensinogen (Ao) and the activity of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) was measured in the ascites fluid of nephrotic rats obtained 8 days after puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) injection. 2. Ascites fluid, serum and urine proteins of these rats were analysed by sodium dodecyl ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02253.x
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The vascular contractile effects of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) isolated from control rabbits and from rabbits made atherosclerotic by 1% cholesterol feeding for 8 weeks were examined. 2. Rings of control rabbit thoracic aorta with or without endothelium were mounted at 2 g tension in 10 mL organ baths and w...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02486.x
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies indicate that poor growth before birth is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and an increased risk of death from heart disease later in life. In fetal life, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been implicated in physiological growth of the heart, whereas in postnatal life ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2012.05743.x
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In order to find an anaesthesia with minimum perturbation to the metabolism of chylomicrons, the effects of seven different anaesthetic agents on clearance from plasma of chylomicron-like emulsions were compared. 2. Avertin, urethane, fentanyl, and a ketamine/xylazine mixture all slowed the removal from plasma of e...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1993.tb01502.x
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Auranofin, an antirheumatic gold compound, is an inhibitor of selenocysteine enzymes, such as thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase. These enzymes play an important role in protecting cardiac tissue from oxidative stress generated during ischaemia-reperfusion. Auranofin (100 mg/kg) was administered to rats ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.03993.x
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglia are the resident immune cells within the brain and retina, commonly known as the macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia survey the surrounding milieu to eliminate invading microbes, clear cellular debris and enforce programmed cell death by removing apoptotic cells. Complementary to their...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12099
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) demonstrate a high burden of vascular disease. This vascular disease is unusual by way of a preponderance of medial calcification. Further, traditional cardiovascular risk factors fail to fully explain the high cardiovascular event rate in this population. 2. The present r...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04660.x
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChEase) activity of 15 opioids, namely morphine, nalorphine, oxymorphone, naloxone, naltrexone, N-methylnaloxone, levorphanol, levallophan, dextrorphan, dextrallophan, levo-methadone, dextro-methadone, pethidine, leu-enkephalin and U-50,488H was investigated. Among the opioids, the morp...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb00330.x
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is strongly associated with atherosclerosis, and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathogenic mechanisms that underlie atherosclerosis and AMI are undefined at present. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a member of the superfamily of G-prote...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2010.05345.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors ameliorates human and experimental diabetic nephropathy, possibly as a result of changes in angiotensin II (AngII) and/or bradykinin concentrations. However, ACE is an indiscriminate enzyme, which hydrolyses numerous vasoactive peptides at two catalytic ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02795.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of diphenylene iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent oxidases (which generate superoxide anions), were studied on nitric oxide (NO)-mediated responses in isolated preparations of the rat aorta and anococcygeus muscle. 2. In aortic rings, the endoth...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1993.tb01661.x
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenol in red wine, exhibits cardioprotective effects in vitro, such as inhibition of angiotensin II- or phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in rat neonatal myocyte cultures and suppression of cardiac fibroblast proliferation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05231.x
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05143.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In cats anaesthetized with alpha-chloralose, electrical stimulation (ES) of the trigeminal ganglion produced a fall in blood pressure, a predominantly ipsilateral dilatation in the common carotid vascular bed and bilateral dilatation of the middle meningeal vascular bed. Section of the trigeminal root abolished the...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb01206.x
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Receptors for parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the renal tubule are coupled to adenylate cyclase stimulation. PTH causes a rise in urinary cAMP by leakage from adenylate cyclase stimulation. PTH causes a rise in urinary cAMP by leakage from cells of the proximal convoluted tubule. The effects of alpha-adrenergic agonists ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1984.tb00287.x
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Previous studies have demonstrated progressive ventricular hypertrophy, dilatation and contractile depression in response to chronic volume overload. Whether this decompensation was related to intrinsic myocyte dysfunction was not clear. The present study evaluated ventricular myocyte function at critical times dur...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1975.tb01851.x
更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In order to determine whether the antihypertensive effect of neonatal thymectomy in genetically hypertensive rats could be mediated through altered adrenal function, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and urinary excretion of deoxycorticosterone (DOC), corticosterone (B) and aldosterone were measured in thymectomized hy...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01030.x
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Triiodothyronine (T3; 1.0 mg/kg per day subcutaneously) was administered to 10 dogs for 14 days; 10 saline-treated dogs served as controls. T3-treated dogs showed the expected physiological responses of hyperthyroidism; further, chronotropic responses to isoprenaline in vivo were significantly increased in T3-treat...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1992.tb00413.x
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Nitric oxide (NO), or peroxynitrite, is known to inhibit haemoproteins, including cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases. The present study explores the functional correlates of the inhibition by NO of renal epoxygenase on the vascular responses to arachidonic acid (AA) in the perfused kidney. 2. Control kidneys produce m...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03762.x
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The physiological relevance of cardiac and vascular alpha-adrenoceptors may increase in disease states in which beta-adrenoceptors are altered. To test this, positive inotropic and vasoconstrictor responses to phenylephrine were measured in isolated tissues from rats with experimentally-induced hyperthyroidism, hyp...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02575.x
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Melanoma is an aggressive skin malignancy with a high mortality. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1), a downstream target of Ras and c-Myc, has been implicated in the development of multiple tumours, but its role in melanoma remains unclear. In the present study, the role of AEG-1 in melanoma was explored through AEG-1 ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12767
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. This study investigated the effect of progesterone, which, under certain circumstances, can antagonize both the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid activities of steroid hormones, on the development and maintenance of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-induced hypertension in conscious sheep. 2. Progesterone (500...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1989.tb01618.x
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the control of glomerular haemodynamics and is synthesized from the amino acid L-arginine by a family of enzymes, NO synthase (NOS). 2. Nitric oxide synthase is present in the endothelium and also in the macula densa, a plaque of specialized tubular epithelial cells. End...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb02094.x
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Electrolytic lesions were made in various brain regions of the rat, and the effects of these lesions on nociceptive threshold and the antinociceptive actions of morphine were tested using a shock titration technique. 2. Lesions in the medial thalamus, the periaqueductal grey area, or the caudate nucleus, had no eff...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1975.tb03031.x
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
