Antibiotics for treating osteomyelitis in people with sickle cell disease.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Tetanus is an acute, often fatal, disease caused by an exotoxin produced by Clostridium tetani. It occurs in newborn infants born to mothers who do not have sufficient circulating antibodies to protect the infant passively, by transplacental transfer. Prevention may be possible by the vaccination of pregnant...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Demicheli V,Barale A,Rivetti A

更新日期：2013-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nutritional rickets is a disease of growing children leading to bone deformities, bone pain, convulsions or delayed motor development. Today, high-incidence of nutritional rickets is mainly found in low-income countries. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of various interventions on the prevention of nutritio...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lerch C,Meissner T

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pneumonia is the leading cause of mortality in children under five years of age. Treatment of pneumonia requires an effective antibiotic used in adequate doses for an appropriate duration. Recommended duration of treatment ranges between 7 and 14 days, but this is not based on any empirical evidence. Shorter...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Haider BA,Saeed MA,Bhutta ZA

更新日期：2008-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are used to manage hypertension which is highly prevalent among people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The treatment for hypertension is particularly challenging in people undergoing dialysis. OBJECTIVES:To assess the benefits and harms of calcium channel blockers in patie...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Mugendi GA,Mutua FM,Natale P,Esterhuizen TM,Strippoli GF

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia frequently present to the Emergency Department. Where vagal manoeuvres fail, the two most commonly used drugs are adenosine and calcium channel antagonists. Both are known to be effective but both have a significant side-effect profile. OBJECTIVES:To exa...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Holdgate A,Foo A

更新日期：2006-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the exact aetiology of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) remains unknown, research suggests that it is multifactorial; suspected pathophysiological mechanisms include immaturity, intestinal ischaemia, disruption of intestinal mucosal integrity, formula feeding, hyperosmolar load to the intestine, infe...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Shah D,Sinn JK

更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common problem among adolescents and young adults, characterised by retropatellar pain (behind the kneecap) or peripatellar pain (around the kneecap) when ascending or descending stairs, squatting or sitting with flexed knees. Etiology, structures causing the pain and...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Heintjes E,Berger MY,Bierma-Zeinstra SM,Bernsen RM,Verhaar JA,Koes BW

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Malignant, or necrotising, otitis externa is a potentially fatal infection of the external ear canal and surrounding soft tissue and bone. It may be complicated by involvement of cranial nerves, principally the facial nerves and the contents of the jugular foramen. It is an uncommon condition mainly found in...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Phillips JS,Jones SE

更新日期：2013-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hypoxaemia during labour can alter the shape of the fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform, notably the relation of the PR to RR intervals, and elevation or depression of the ST segment. Technical systems have therefore been developed to monitor the fetal ECG during labour as an adjunct to continuous electro...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Neilson JP

更新日期：2006-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with cancer who are treated with chemotherapy or receive a bone marrow transplant have an increased risk of acquiring fungal infections. Such infections can be life-threatening. Antifungal drugs are therefore often given prophylactically to such patients, or when they have a fever. OBJECTIVES:To co...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Johansen HK,Gotzsche PC

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Under-reporting of occupational diseases is an important issue worldwide. The collection of reliable data is essential for public health officials to plan intervention programmes to prevent occupational diseases. Little is known about the effects of interventions for increasing the reporting of occupational ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Curti S,Sauni R,Spreeuwers D,De Schryver A,Valenty M,Rivière S,Mattioli S

更新日期：2015-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prostate cancer is a common cause of death in developed countries, yet the benefits of screening for prostate cancer still remain controversial. A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test result greater than 4 ng/mL (nanograms/millilitre) has commonly been used as the cut-off level for seeking further tests to d...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ilic D,Forbes KM,Hassed C

更新日期：2011-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:High intracranial pressure (ICP) is the most frequent cause of death and disability after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is usually treated with general maneuvers (normothermia, sedation, etc.) and a set of first-line therapeutic measures (moderate hypocapnia, mannitol, etc.). When these measures fa...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Sahuquillo J,Dennis JA

更新日期：2019-12-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a compressive neuropathic disorder at the level of the wrist. Acupuncture and other methods that stimulate acupuncture points, such as electroacupuncture, auricular acupuncture, laser acupuncture, moxibustion, and acupressure, are used in treating CTS. Acupuncture has been rec...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Choi GH,Wieland LS,Lee H,Sim H,Lee MS,Shin BC

更新日期：2018-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM) at term is managed expectantly or by planned early birth. It is not clear if waiting for birth to occur spontaneously is better than intervening, e.g. by inducing labour. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review is to assess the effects of planned early birth (immediate ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Middleton P,Shepherd E,Flenady V,McBain RD,Crowther CA

更新日期：2017-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: 1 PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:To evaluate clinically meaningful benefits of interventions used to treat clinically significant obsessive compulsive symptoms occurring in people with schizophrenia with regard to global improvement, chang...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Raj M,Farooq S

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common complication of lumbar punctures. Several theories have identified the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the hole in the dura as a cause of this side effect. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures to avoid this complication. Prolonged...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Arevalo-Rodriguez I,Ciapponi A,Munoz L,Roqué i Figuls M,Bonfill Cosp X

更新日期：2013-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) is used to support preterm infants recently extubated, those experiencing significant apnoea of prematurity and those with respiratory distress soon after birth as an alternative to intubation and ventilation. This review will focus exclusively on identifying...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： De Paoli AG,Davis PG,Faber B,Morley CJ

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although people with haematological malignancies have to endure long phases of therapy and immobility, which is known to diminish their physical performance level, the advice to rest and avoid intensive exercises is still common practice. This recommendation is partly due to the severe anaemia and thrombocyt...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Knips L,Bergenthal N,Streckmann F,Monsef I,Elter T,Skoetz N

更新日期：2019-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Invasive fungal infection is an increasingly common cause of mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants. As the diagnosis is often difficult, and treatment is often delayed, there is a need to assess whether antifungal prophylaxis is beneficial. OBJECTIVES:To assess whether prophylactic intrav...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： McGuire W,Clerihew L,Austin N

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In children with urinary tract infection (UTI), only those with pyelonephritis (and not cystitis) are at risk for developing long-term renal sequelae. If non-invasive biomarkers could accurately differentiate children with cystitis from children with pyelonephritis, treatment and follow-up could potentially ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Shaikh N,Borrell JL,Evron J,Leeflang MM

更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Indwelling urethral catheters are often used for bladder drainage in hospital. Urinary tract infection is the most common hospital-acquired infection, and a common complication of urinary catheterisation. Pain, ease of use and quality of life are important to consider, as well as formal economic analysis. Su...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kidd EA,Stewart F,Kassis NC,Hom E,Omar MI

更新日期：2015-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Self-management education programmes are complex interventions specifically targeted at patient education and behaviour modification. They are designed to encourage people with chronic disease to take an active self-management role to supplement medical care and improve outcomes. OBJECTIVES:To assess the ef...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kroon FP,van der Burg LR,Buchbinder R,Osborne RH,Johnston RV,Pitt V

更新日期：2014-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Effective pharmacotherapies are available to help people who are trying to stop smoking, but quitting can still be difficult and providing higher levels of behavioural support may increase success rates further. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of increasing the intensity of behavioural support for people ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Stead LF,Lancaster T

更新日期：2012-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Endotracheal suctioning for mechanically ventilated infants is routine practice in neonatal intensive care. However, this practice is associated with serious complications including lobar collapse, pneumothorax, bradycardia and hypoxemia. Increasing the inspired oxygen immediately prior to suction (preoxygen...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Pritchard M,Flenady V,Woodgate P

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) is an important cause of meningitis and pneumonia in children. Vaccine cost is a significant barrier to use in low income countries. Determining the size of the effects of the vaccine will enable cost-effectiveness comparisons with competing priorities in low income cou...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Swingler GH,Michaels D,Hussey GG

更新日期：2009-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) delivers nicotine without the toxic chemicals present in tobacco smoke. It is an effective smoking cessation aid in non-pregnant smokers, but there is less evidence of effectiveness in pregnancy. Systematic review evidence suggests that pregnant women do not adhere to NRT a...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Campbell K,Coleman-Haynes T,Bowker K,Cooper SE,Connelly S,Coleman T

更新日期：2020-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bipolar disorder is a recurrent illness that is amongst the top 30 causes of disability worldwide and is associated with significant healthcare costs. In the past, emphasis was placed solely on the treatment of acute episodes of bipolar disorder; recently, the importance of episode prevention and of minimisa...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Cipriani A,Reid K,Young AH,Macritchie K,Geddes J

更新日期：2013-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Circuit class therapy (CCT) offers a supervised group forum for people after stroke to practise tasks, enabling increased practise time without increasing staffing. OBJECTIVES:To examine the effectiveness and safety of CCT on mobility in adults with stroke. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Cochrane Stroke G...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： English C,Hillier SL

更新日期：2010-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) comprises a large variety of different forms of motor and sensory neuropathies. The most frequent are demyelinating forms (CMT1) and axonal forms (CMT2). The molecular basis of several CMT forms has been clarified during the last 15 years. Since muscle wasting and sensory di...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Young P,De Jonghe P,Stögbauer F,Butterfass-Bahloul T

更新日期：2008-01-23 00:00:00