Overexpression of ZAC impairs glucose-stimulated insulin translation and secretion in clonal pancreatic beta-cells.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:ZAC (Zinc finger protein that regulates apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest) is a candidate gene for transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM). This condition involves severe insulin deficiency at birth that reverses over weeks or months but may relapse with diabetes recurring in later life. ZAC overexpression in transgenic mice has previously been shown to result in complex changes in both beta-cell mass and possibly function. The present study therefore aimed to examine the role of ZAC in beta-cell function in vitro, independent of the confounder of a reduced beta-cell mass at birth. METHODS:Overexpression of ZAC was achieved through the tetracycline-regulatable system in the beta-cell line, INS-1. RESULTS:We found that ZAC overexpression exerted no significant effect on proliferation in this transformed cell line at any of the glucose concentrations examined. By contrast, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was impaired through a mechanism downstream of cytosolic Ca(2+) increases. Furthermore, glucose-stimulated proinsulin biosynthesis was inhibited despite an increase in insulin transcript level. Finally, we found that glucose downregulated ZAC expression in both INS-1 cells and primary mouse islets. CONCLUSIONS:These results indicate that ZAC is a negative regulator of the acute stimulatory effects of glucose on beta-cells, and provide a possible explanation for both insulin deficiency in the neonate and the later relapse of diabetes in patients with transient neonatal diabetes mellitus cases.

journal_name

Diabetes Metab Res Rev

authors

Du X,Ounissi-Benkalha H,Loder MK,Rutter GA,Polychronakos C

doi

10.1002/dmrr.2325

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-11-01 00:00:00

pages

645-53

issue

8

eissn

1520-7552

issn

1520-7560

journal_volume

28

pub_type

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