Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Fractures of the shaft of the humerus account for 1% to 3% of all fractures in adults. The management of these fractures, including surgical intervention, varies widely. OBJECTIVES:To assess and compare the effects of surgical versus non-surgical intervention for non-pathological fractures of the humeral shaft in adults. SEARCH METHODS:We searched the Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, trial registers, and bibliographies of trial reports. The full search was conducted in October 2011. SELECTION CRITERIA:Considered for inclusion were all randomised and quasi-randomised (method of allocating participants to a treatment which is not strictly random; e.g. by date of birth, hospital record number or alternation) controlled trials that compared surgical with non-surgical intervention for humeral shaft fractures in adults. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:Two authors independently selected and assessed potential eligible studies for inclusion. MAIN RESULTS:We found six completed studies that appeared to meet our inclusion criteria. After scrutiny, we excluded all six studies: five were retrospective studies and one was a prospective study without randomisation. We identified three potentially eligible ongoing studies, two of which involve randomisation of treatment allocation and one, which we excluded, that does not. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:There is no evidence available from randomised controlled trials to ascertain whether surgical intervention of humeral shaft fractures gives a better or worse outcome than no surgery. Sufficiently powered good quality multi-centre randomised controlled trials comparing surgical versus non-surgical interventions for treating humeral shaft fractures in adults are needed. It is likely that the results from the two ongoing randomised trials on this topic will help inform practice in due course.
journal_name
Cochrane Database Syst Revjournal_title
The Cochrane database of systematic reviewsauthors
Gosler MW,Testroote M,Morrenhof JW,Janzing HMdoi
10.1002/14651858.CD008832.pub2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-18 00:00:00pages
CD008832issn
1469-493Xjournal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Many people with atopic eczema are reluctant to use the most commonly recommended treatments because they fear the long-term health effects. As a result, many turn to dietary supplements as a possible treatment approach, often with the belief that some essential ingredient is 'missing' in their diet. Various...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005205.pub3
更新日期:2012-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Umbilical cord infection caused many neonatal deaths before aseptic techniques were used. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects of topical cord care in preventing cord infection, illness and death. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials re...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001057
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endogenous glutamine biosynthesis may be insufficient to meet the needs of infants with severe gastrointestinal disease. Studies using animal models of gastrointestinal disease and controlled trials in adult patients have suggested that glutamine supplementation improves clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVES:To ass...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005947.pub2
更新日期:2007-01-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An intraocular lens (IOL) is a synthetic lens that is surgically implanted within the eye following removal of the crystalline lens, during cataract surgery. While all modern IOLs attenuate the transmission of ultra-violet (UV) light, some IOLs, called blue-blocking or blue-light filtering IOLs, also reduce ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011977.pub2
更新日期:2018-05-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Asthma management guidelines recommend low-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as first-line therapy for adults and adolescents with persistent asthma. The addition of anti-leukotriene agents to ICS offers a therapeutic option in cases of suboptimal control with daily ICS. OBJECTIVES:To assess the efficacy a...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010347.pub2
更新日期:2017-03-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In view of the claims and counter-claims of the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, it would seem appropriate to systematically review the literature. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in reducing pain and improving range of mo...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000210.pub2
更新日期:2007-07-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in angiogenesis in fetal life. Recently, researchers have attempted to use anti-VEGF agents for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a vasoproliferative disorder. There is currently uncertainty regarding the safety and efficacy of these...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009734.pub2
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cystic Fibrosis is characterised by chest infection, the antibiotic treatment of which has significantly improved the outlook for people with this condition. The unusual nature of organisms that infect the chest of individuals with cystic fibrosis has restricted antibiotic choice. In particular the bacteria,...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002203
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with stable angina not controlled by monotherapy with nitrates, beta blockers, or calcium channel blockers are often treated with combinations of these drugs. There may be adverse effects from, or contraindications to, the use of combinations. In low risk groups, medical treatment appears to be as g...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003614.pub2
更新日期:2005-10-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the recent years, a variety of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) procedures have emerged that may provide a treatment option to participants suffering from moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of BLVR on the short- and long-term health...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012158.pub2
更新日期:2017-02-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:People with a history of rheumatic fever are at high risk of recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever and developing rheumatic heart disease following a streptococcal throat infection. Giving penicillin to these people can prevent recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever and subsequent rheumatic heart disease. Howev...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002227
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Specific treatments for influenza are limited to neuraminidase inhibitors and adamantanes. Corticosteroids show evidence of benefit in sepsis and related conditions, most likely due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Although commonly prescribed for severe influenza, there is uncerta...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010406.pub3
更新日期:2019-02-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chlorpromazine, formulated in the 1950s, remains a benchmark treatment for people with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effects of chlorpromazine for schizophrenia in comparison with placebo. SEARCH STRATEGY:We updated previous searches of the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Register (October 1999), ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000284.pub2
更新日期:2007-04-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Falls are one of the most common medical complications after stroke with a reported incidence of 7% in the first week after stroke onset. Studies investigating falls in the later phase after stroke report an incidence of up to 73% in the first year post-stroke. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effectiveness of in...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008728.pub2
更新日期:2013-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Individuals with chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may suffer recurrent exacerbations with an increase in volume and/or purulence of sputum. Because of the personal and healthcare costs associated with exacerbations, any therapy that reduces the number of exacerbations is use...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001287.pub3
更新日期:2010-02-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder which can lead to multiorgan dysfunction. Malabsorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) may occur and can cause subclinical deficiencies of some of these vitamins. Vitamin K is known to play an important role in both blood coagulation and bone formation. Sup...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008482.pub2
更新日期:2011-01-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Eczema is a chronic skin disease characterised by dry skin, intense itching, inflammatory skin lesions, and a considerable impact on quality of life. Moisturisation is an integral part of treatment, but it is unclear if moisturisers are effective. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of moisturisers for eczema....
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012119.pub2
更新日期:2017-02-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia frequently present to the Emergency Department. Where vagal manoeuvres fail, the two most commonly used drugs are adenosine and calcium channel antagonists. Both are known to be effective but both have a significant side-effect profile. OBJECTIVES:To exa...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005154.pub2
更新日期:2006-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A strong and consistent relationship has been observed between relative poverty and poor child health and wellbeing even among rich nations. This review set out to examine evidence that additional monies provided to poor or disadvantaged families may benefit children by reducing relative poverty and thereby ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006358.pub2
更新日期:2008-04-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Emergency contraception (EC) is using a drug or copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) to prevent pregnancy shortly after unprotected intercourse. Several interventions are available for EC. Information on the comparative effectiveness, safety and convenience of these methods is crucial for reproductive healthc...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001324.pub4
更新日期:2012-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diabetes is a chronic illness characterised by insulin resistance or deficiency, resulting in elevated glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Diet and adherence to dietary advice is associated with lower HbA1c levels and control of disease. Dietary history may be an effective clinical tool for diabetes...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008488.pub2
更新日期:2011-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In myasthenia gravis, antibody-mediated blockade of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction abolishes the naturally occurring 'safety factor' of synaptic transmission. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors provide temporary symptomatic treatment of muscle weakness, but there is controversy about thei...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006986.pub2
更新日期:2011-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In line with the rise in the prevalence of obesity, an increasing number of women of childbearing age are undergoing laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), resulting in an increasing number of pregnancies with a band in place. Currently, there is no consensus on optimal band management in pregnancy....
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010048.pub2
更新日期:2013-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is the standard care for patients with acute myocardial infarction, based upon its widespread availability and ability to reduce patient mortality well demonstrated in randomised trials. Despite its proven efficacy, thrombolytic therapy has limitations. Many patients are inel...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001560.pub2
更新日期:2007-07-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Idiopathic acute vestibular dysfunction (vestibular neuritis) is the second most common cause of peripheral vertigo after benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and accounts for 7% of the patients who present at outpatient clinics specialising in the treatment of dizziness. The exact aetiology of the co...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008607.pub2
更新日期:2011-05-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The benefits and risks of antibiotics for acute bronchitis remain unclear despite it being one of the most common illnesses seen in primary care. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of antibiotics in improving outcomes and assess adverse effects of antibiotic therapy for patients with a clinical diagnosis of a...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000245.pub3
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic lung disease remains a common complication among preterm infants. There is increasing evidence that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CLD. Due to their strong anti-inflammatory properties, corticosteroids are an attractive intervention strategy. However, there are growing co...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001969.pub3
更新日期:2012-05-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health information systems such as electronic health records (EHR), computerized decision support systems, and electronic prescribing are potentially valuable components to improve the quality and efficiency of clinical interventions for tobacco use. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effectiveness of electronic heal...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008743.pub3
更新日期:2014-12-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Delivery of pain-free dentistry is crucial for reducing fear and anxiety, completion of treatment, and increasing acceptance of future dental treatment in children. Local anaesthetic (LA) facilitates this pain-free approach but it remains challenging. A number of interventions to help children cope with deli...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011024.pub2
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heat and cold therapy are often used as adjuncts in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by rehabilitation specialists. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effects of heat and cold on objective and subjective measures of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched Medline, E...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002826
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00