Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To determine the effectiveness of exercise as an intervention in the management of depression. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-regression analysis of randomised controlled trials obtained from five electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Sports Discus, PsycLIT, Cochrane Library) and through contact with experts in the field, bibliographic searches, and hand searches of recent copies of relevant journals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Standardised mean difference in effect size and weighted mean difference in Beck depression inventory score between exercise and no treatment and between exercise and cognitive therapy. RESULTS:All of the 14 studies analysed had important methodological weaknesses; randomisation was adequately concealed in only three studies, intention to treat analysis was undertaken in only two, and assessment of outcome was blinded in only one. The participants in most studies were community volunteers, and diagnosis was determined by their score on the Beck depression inventory. When compared with no treatment, exercise reduced symptoms of depression (standardised mean difference in effect size -1.1 (95% confidence interval -1.5 to -0.6); weighted mean difference in Beck depression inventory -7.3 (-10.0 to -4.6)). The effect size was significantly greater in those trials with shorter follow up and in two trials reported only as conference abstracts. The effect of exercise was similar to that of cognitive therapy (standardised mean difference -0.3 (95% confidence interval -0.7 to 0.1)). CONCLUSIONS:The effectiveness of exercise in reducing symptoms of depression cannot be determined because of a lack of good quality research on clinical populations with adequate follow up.
journal_name
BMJjournal_title
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)authors
Lawlor DA,Hopker SWdoi
10.1136/bmj.322.7289.763keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-31 00:00:00pages
763-7issue
7289eissn
0959-8138issn
1756-1833journal_volume
322pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in patients with normal and abnormal cervical smears. DESIGN:A prospective study of asymptomatic women with normal cervical smears attending their general practitioner and newly referred patients with abnormal smears attending a colposcopy clinic. ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.302.6768.82
更新日期:1991-01-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). DESIGN:Living systematic review and network meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:WHO covid-19 database, a comprehensive multilingual source of global covid-19 literature, up to 3 December 2020 and six additional Chinese databases up to 12 ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.m2980
更新日期:2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::A sample of 106 senior house officers who had graduated from Nottingham University in 1987 was surveyed about their experience of and need for careers guidance, performance appraisal, and stress counselling. Of the 80 who replied, a quarter had received no careers guidance and a quarter no feedback about their work pe...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.300.6722.445
更新日期:1990-02-17 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare ultrasonography with intravenous urography in the investigation of adults with haematuria. DESIGN:Prospective study entailing the examination of all patients with both investigations concurrently. The investigations were performed independently on routine lists by different duty radiologists. Each...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.301.6760.1074
更新日期:1990-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To report on the country of training and ethnicity of consultants in different specialties in the NHS, on trends in intake to UK medical schools by ethnicity, and on the specialty choices made by UK medical graduates in different ethnic groups. DESIGN:Analysis of official databases of consultants and of stu...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.38202.364271.BE
更新日期:2004-09-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between treatment induced change in high density lipoprotein cholesterol and total death, coronary heart disease death, and coronary heart disease events (coronary heart disease death and non-fatal myocardial infarction) adjusted for changes in low density lipoprotein cholestero...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.b92
更新日期:2009-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine whether the decline in child injury death rates between 1981 and 1991 varied by social class. DESIGN:Comparison of class specific child injury death rates for 1979, 1980, 1982, and 1983, with those for the four years 1989-92. SETTING:England and Wales. SUBJECTS:Children aged 0-15 years. MAIN OU...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7060.784
更新日期:1996-09-28 00:00:00
abstract:PROBLEM:Deep infection after joint arthroplasty can be catastrophic, leading to further surgery, loss of the prosthesis, disability, and risk of mortality. Twenty nine new cases of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus occurred in the first year after elective orthopaedic surgery was centralised to a district gen...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7458.149
更新日期:2004-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::According to a London physician, women with epilepsy taking antiepileptic drugs can take combined oral contraceptives (OCs). It is usual to recommend a combined OC preparation containing at least 50 mcg of estrogen (Ovran) from patients taking enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs; this can be increased to 60 mcg by ta...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6902.492
更新日期:1993-08-21 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the costs of diagnosis and treatment of diabetes in Tanzania. DESIGN:Costs estimated from the reported and recorded experience of patients with newly presenting diabetes in 1989-90 and of diabetic patients first seen in 1981-2. SETTING:Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam. SUBJECTS:464 patie...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.304.6836.1215
更新日期:1992-05-09 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To cost the relation between socioeconomic status and various measures of primary care workload and assess the adequacy of current "deprivation" payments in relation to actual costings for patients living in qualifying areas. DESIGN:Retrospective data on primary care were collected over a 4.5 year period fro...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7073.38
更新日期:1997-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the prevalence of both diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in an area of predominantly Asian population the Coventry diabetes study is carrying out house to house screening for diabetes in people aged 20 and over in Foleshill, Coventry. In the first five of 12 areas to be studied 2130 of 2283 Asian (...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.298.6665.18
更新日期:1989-01-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine whether measurement of total cholesterol concentration is sufficient to identify most patients at lipoprotein mediated risk of coronary heart disease without measurement of triglyceride and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations. DESIGN:Cross sectional screening programme. S...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.301.6752.584
更新日期:1990-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare patterns of admission to hospital and prognosis in white and South Asian patients newly admitted with heart failure, and to evaluate the effect of personal characteristics and comorbidity on outcome. DESIGN:Historical cohort study. SETTING:UK district health authority (population 960,000). PART...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.526
更新日期:2003-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::In just 3 months in 1991, WHO increased its estimate of the number of people infected with HIV in all of Asia 2 fold (500,000-1 million). By 2000, WHO estimated that there will be 250,000 new cases each year in India and Thailand alone where HIV infection has spread most rapidly. A professor from the All India Insti...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 新闻
doi:10.1136/bmj.302.6792.1557
更新日期:1991-06-29 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of the timing of first postnatal home visit by community health workers on neonatal mortality. DESIGN:Analysis of prospectively collected data using time varying discrete hazard models to estimate hazard ratios for neonatal mortality according to day of first postnatal home visit. DATA ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.b2826
更新日期:2009-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether use of intermediate acting neuromuscular blocking agents during general anesthesia increases the incidence of postoperative respiratory complications. DESIGN:Prospective, propensity score matched cohort study. SETTING:General teaching hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 20...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.e6329
更新日期:2012-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of two different food supplements on body mass index (BMI) in wasted Malawian adults with HIV who were starting antiretroviral therapy. DESIGN:Randomised, investigator blinded, controlled trial. SETTING:Large, public clinic associated with a referral hospital in Blantyre, Malawi. ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.b1867
更新日期:2009-05-22 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify the number of patients who were misdiagnosed as being in the vegetative state and their characteristics. DESIGN:Retrospective study of the clinical records of the medical, occupational therapy, and clinical psychology departments. SETTING:20 bed unit specialising in the rehabilitation of patient...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7048.13
更新日期:1996-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::An investigation was conducted to determine the vehicle of infection of an outbreak of food poisoning in a large metropolitan building early in 1988. A questionnaire was distributed to 700 people who had eaten in the building during the week of the outbreak, and attack rates for specific food were calculated. Food and...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.298.6666.99
更新日期:1989-01-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the amount spent on specific hospital care by health agencies in 1993-4 and compare it with the resources allocated to patients registered with fundholding practices for the same type of care. To investigate whether fundholding practices and health agencies pay different amounts for inpatient car...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.309.6946.30
更新日期:1994-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives To estimate the short term effect of particulate air pollution (particle diameter <10 μm, or PM10) on mortality and explore the heterogeneity of particulate air pollution effects in major cities in China.Design Generalised linear models with different lag structures using time series data.Setting 38 of the ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.j667
更新日期:2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the impact of a pay for performance incentive on quality of care and outcomes among UK patients with hypertension in primary care. DESIGN:Interrupted time series. SETTING:The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database, United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS:470 725 patients with hypertension diagnosed betw...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.d108
更新日期:2011-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the protective efficacy of measles vaccination in infants in a low income country before 9 months of age. DESIGN:Randomised clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS:1333 infants aged 4.5 months: 441 in treatment group and 892 in control group. SETTING:Urban area in Guinea-Bissau. INTERVENTION:Measles vacci...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.a661
更新日期:2008-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine cancer morbidity in members of the armed forces who took part in tests of chemical warfare agents from 1941 to 1989. DESIGN:Historical cohort study, with cohort members followed up to December 2004. DATA SOURCE:Archive of UK government research facility at Porton Down, UK military personnel rec...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.b655
更新日期:2009-03-24 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association of enteroviruses with motor neurone disease, also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. DESIGN:Analysis by enterovirus polymerase chain reaction of wax embedded material from spinal cords taken at necropsy from subjects with motor neurone disease and from age and sex matched ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.308.6943.1541
更新日期:1994-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the implementation of action protocols dictated by antenatal risk factors noted at the initial (booking) antenatal visit. DESIGN:Retrospective study of 2000 women delivered between 1 March 1990 and 29 March 1991. SETTING:Maternity department of a district general hospital supporting a multiethnic ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.305.6863.1184
更新日期:1992-11-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the complete range of factors which doctors recognise as changing their clinical practice and provide a measure of how often education is involved in change. DESIGN:Interviews using the critical incident technique. SETTING:Primary and secondary care. SUBJECTS:Random sample of 50 general practit...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7084.870
更新日期:1997-03-22 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To identify factors that differentiate between effective and ineffective computerised clinical decision support systems in terms of improvements in the process of care or in patient outcomes. DESIGN:Meta-regression analysis of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES:A database of features and effects of...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1136/bmj.f657
更新日期:2013-02-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop an evidence base for recommendations on the use of atypical antipsychotics for patients with schizophrenia. DESIGN:Systematic overview and meta-regression analyses of randomised controlled trials, as a basis for formal development of guidelines. SUBJECTS:12 649 patients in 52 randomised trials co...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7273.1371
更新日期:2000-12-02 00:00:00