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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor shortens duration of critical neutropenia and prolongs disease-free survival after sequential high-dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone (S-HAM) salvage therapy for refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia.

Abstract：

:Patients with primary refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who undergo intensive salvage chemotherapy carry a high risk of treatment failure due to infectious complications and early relapses. The study presented here assessed the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on the duration of post-treatment neutropenia, the incidence of infection-related deaths, and the disease-free and overall survival. Sixty-eight evaluable patients with relapsed and refractory AML received G-CSF 5 microg/kg per day subcutaneously starting 2 days after the completion of salvage treatment with the S-HAM regimen, consisting of high-dose cytosine arabinoside twice daily on days 1, 2, 8, and 9 and mitoxantrone on days 3, 4, 10, and 11. Ninety-one patients who were treated with the identical S-HAM regimen but without G-CSF support during a preceding study served as controls. The application of G-CSF resulted in a significant shortening of critical neutropenia of less than 500 microl (36 vs. 40 days; p = 0.008), which translated into a trend towards a lower early death rate (21% vs. 30%) and an increase of complete remissions (56% vs. 47%, p=0.11). In patients younger than 60 years a significant prolongation of time to treatment failure (159 vs. 93 days, p=0.038) and of duration of disease-free survival (203 vs. 97 days, p=0.003) was observed. These results indicate a beneficial effect of G-CSF on early mortality as well as on long-term outcome when administered after S-HAM salvage therapy for advanced AML.

journal_name

Ann Hematol

journal_title

Annals of hematology

authors

Kern W,Aul C,Maschmeyer G,Kuse R,Kerkhoff A,Grote-Metke A,Eimermacher H,Kubica U,Wörmann B,Büchner T,Hiddemann W

doi

10.1007/s002770050425

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1998-09-01 00:00:00

pages

115-22

issue

eissn

0939-5555

issn

1432-0584

journal_volume

pub_type

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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor shortens duration of critical neutropenia and prolongs disease-free survival after sequential high-dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone (S-HAM) salvage therapy for refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia.