Abstract：
:The chromosomal locations of genes controlling the expression of some 200 antigens constituting the 23 established human blood group systems have been reviewed. Twenty-one of the these genes are located on 12 autosomes, and two are located on the X chromosome. Refined chromosomal positions, to a single cytogenetically distinguishable band, have been established for 13 of the 23 genes. For the remainder, continued investigation will achieve the same result. The genes (RD, MER2, and OK) controlling the expression of one low-incidence and two high-incidence erythrocyte antigens have also been presented. Of these, OK is the most likely candidate for blood group system status, because its chromosomal location distinguishes it from all established system genes except LE and LW, and, the product of the OK gene is different from those of LE and LW (Table 3). This issue will be considered at the next meeting (scheduled for July 1998) of the ISBT Working Party. Alternatively, RD and MER2 are not good candidates for blood group system status because RD and MER2 reside in chromosomal regions containing genes for other blood group systems. In addition, the products of RD and SC have similar biochemical characteristics, and the product of MER2 has not yet been defined (Table 3). The challenge remaining for blood group scientists is characterization of genes that control expression of the approximately 50 other known erythrocyte antigens. Most of these are members of the ISBT's 700 (low-incidence) or 901 (high-incidence) series. Because the current genetic information for each of these antigens (attained by serologic investigation) varies considerably, future studies will have to rely on "tools" from related disciplines to provide the additional information. Use of resources such as molecular biological protocols and GBD should facilitate the effort.
journal_name
Transfus Med Revjournal_title
Transfusion medicine reviewsauthors
Reid ME,McManus K,Zelinski Tdoi
10.1016/s0887-7963(98)80056-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-07-01 00:00:00pages
151-61issue
3eissn
0887-7963issn
1532-9496pii
S0887-7963(98)80056-4journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Quality patient care entails more than simply biomedical interventions. Respect for the wishes, values, and preferences of patients are important elements of quality care. Unique aspects of the beliefs of Jehovah's Witnesses may present physicians with ethical and clinical conflicts. Witnesses believe that allogeneic ...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2003.12.004
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of molecules on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets express antigenic activity. Various biochemical and molecular approaches have been used to determine the structure and possible function that these molecules have for their respective cell types. The existence of variant molecules and null ph...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2004.03.006
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) transmission through transfusion have produced contradictory results. In North America-a region with a low prevalence of HHV-8 infection-3 studies that tested specimens from linked positive-donor/negative-recipient pairs collected before the introduction of white blood cell (WBC)...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2009.09.001
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the role of platelets as central mediators of hemostasis and thrombosis has been the primary focus of research into platelet biology for more than a century, over the last decade, nonhemostatic functions of platelets have been increasingly defined. As such, a large body of experimental evidence now exists, wh...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2014.11.006
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The small number of studies done on the covalent modification of RBC with PEG, or PEG-derivatives, suggests that the immunocamouflage of intact cells significantly reduces the antigenicity and immunogenicity of the foreign cell. Importantly, this protective immunologic effect can be accomplished without adversely affe...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0887-7963(00)80115-7
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last half of this century, donor deferral registries have grown in size, scope, and importance for blood collection organizations and regulatory agencies. This has occurred despite the lack of direct evidence that, when used with all other methods, they contribute meaningfully to the safety of the blood supply....
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0887-7963(93)70131-5
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the risk of infection by blood transfusion is relatively low, breakthrough infections still occur, Transfusion-related fatalities caused by infections continue to be reported, and blood is not tested for many potentially dangerous pathogens. The current paradigm for increasing the safety of the blood supply i...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2004.11.005
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac surgery affects both coagulation and platelet function. Revision of surgery due to bleeding has to be performed in 2% to 6% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and is generally associated with a marked deterioration in prognosis. Factors contributing to acquired hemostatic abnormalities in cardiac surgery i...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2006.03.003
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Low levels of C1 inhibitor, the main inhibitor of the classic complement system, result in paroxysmal angioedema attacks that can be incapacitating or even life-threatening in affected individuals. Molecular defects in the gene for C1 inhibitor cause hereditary angioedema. In recent years, new insights in the pathways...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2019.08.002
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Until recently, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), conventionally defined in the pediatric literature as a syndrome of the triad of renal failure, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia without a prodrome of hemorrhagic diarrhea, has received little attention in adult practice because the pati...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2014.08.004
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, it is impossible to reconcile the contradictory results of the studies of the association between previous blood transfusion and subsequent development of NHL (Figs 1 and 2). Most of the studies were of high quality, and the authors discussed the possible sources of bias that might have generated a spuriou...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/tm.20000.7395
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This guideline for the use of immunoglobulin (IG) for sensitized patients undergoing solid organ transplantation (SOT) is an initiative of the Canadian Blood Services and the National Advisory Committee on Blood and Blood Products of Canada to (1) provide guidance for Canadian practitioners involved in the care of pat...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2009.09.010
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is difficulty in obtaining adequate supplies of blood components, as well as disappointing performance of stabilized or recombinant hemoglobins, limited indications of oxygen transporters (perfluorocarbons), and slow development of "universal" red blood cells (RBCs). There is, therefore, a need for complementary...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2006.11.004
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The administration of blood products is a common, resource-intensive, and potentially problem-prone area that may place patients at elevated risk in the clinical setting. Much of the emphasis in transfusion safety has been targeted toward quality control measures in laboratory settings where blood products are prepare...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2006.08.007
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The limiting factor in platelet transfusion therapy is the development of alloimmunization. Although using HLA matched platelets may be effective in reducing the problem of alloimmune platelet transfusion refractoriness, relying solely upon HLA matching has its shortcomings. The selection of compatible platelet transf...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0887-7963(90)70237-4
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac surgical patients are among the highest consumers of allogeneic red blood cells (RBCs) due to the prevalence of anemia and bleeding. Up until recently, there was a paucity of high-quality evidence informing transfusion decisions in this patient group which led to wide variability in transfusion decision making...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2017.06.001
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Roger Irving Lee (1881-1964) played significant scientific and leadership roles in overcoming the clinical impediments to blood transfusion in the 1910s. He developed the first successful anticoagulant system, paraffinized glass, and the first sterile system for indirect transfusion without defibrination, the Lee-Vinc...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2004.09.003
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fibrinolytic system, known for its ability to regulate the activation of the zymogen plasminogen into active plasmin, has been primarily associated with the removal of fibrin and blood clots. Tissue-type plasminogen activator, the most well-recognized plasminogen activator, was harnessed for therapeutic benefit ag...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2014.09.006
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS) is caused by the transfer of B-lymphocytes present in the donor graft into the recipient circulation following solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These cells may produce antibodies against the recipient's red blood cells, thereby triggering antibody dependent cy...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2020.06.004
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common monogenic disorder in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Blood transfusion to increase the oxygen carrying capacity of blood is vital in the management of many patients with SCD. However, red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization is a major challenge to transfusions in these patients. C...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2019.06.003
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last 20 years, the Canadian Blood Services' (CBS) Donor Health Assessment Questionnaire (DHAQ), used to screen prospective blood donors to determine their eligibility, has grown in complexity and length. Its growth is inextricably linked to the evolution of the environment within which CBS operates from unreg...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2007.03.002
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although remarkable advances have been made in the prevention of the major transfusion-transmitted diseases, long intervals have transpired between the first recognition of transfusion risk and the implementation of a preventive strategy. For hepatitis B virus, that interval was 30 years; for non-A, non-B/hepatitis C ...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2008.01.001
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergic transfusion reactions (ATRs) are the most common adverse reactions occurring during transfusion of blood components. Although most reactions are mild and involve cutaneous manifestations, severe ATRs including life-threatening anaphylaxis may also occur. The mechanisms of ATRs are largely unknown because they...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2017.09.002
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several public policy decisions in transfusion medicine require information on the long-term (> or =10-year) survival of transfused patients. This information is needed (1) to estimate the number of surviving transfusion recipients who have contracted a particular infection through transfusion, (2) to assess the cost-...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0887-7963(03)00019-1
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant progress has been made in reducing the risk of pathogen transmission to transfusion recipients. Nonetheless, there remains a continuing risk of transmission of viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and prions to recipients. These include many of the viruses for which specific screening tests exist as well as pathog...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 共识发展会议,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2007.09.001
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some have suggested that "blood is different," and the role for cost-effectiveness is thus circumscribed. In this article, the authors start by reviewing key concepts in health economics and economic analysis methods. Examples are drawn from published blood safety studies. After explaining the underlying reasoning beh...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2008.09.001
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) and fibrinogen concentrates (FIBCs) to achieve hemostasis in the perioperative setting as alternatives to allogeneic blood products remains controversial. To examine the efficacy and safety of PCCs and FIBCs, we conducted a systematic review-in accordance with the Pre...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2013.01.002
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Millions of patients in the UK benefit from the use of both plasma derivatives and blood components that are seen as critical interventions in current medicine. Measures are in place to significantly reduce the risks associated with blood transfusion and plasma derivatives; however, these measures themselves are not r...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2011.09.003
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An international multidisciplinary panel of 15 experts reviewed 494 published articles and used the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method to determine the appropriateness of allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion based on its expected impact on outcomes of stable nonbleeding patients in 450 typical inpatient medical, ...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2011.02.001
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The crossmatch (XM) is an important part of routine pretransfusion testing. It is used to detect ABO incompatibility and other clinically significant antibodies. The XM has been modified many times and, in recent years, has been abbreviated. The 2 common types of XM currently being done are the immediate spin XM for a...
journal_title：Transfusion medicine reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tmrv.2005.08.007
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
