Abstract：
PURPOSE:Overtraining is primarily related to sustained high load training, often coupled with other stressors. Studies in animal models have suggested that unremittingly heavy training (monotonous training) may increase the likelihood of developing overtraining syndrome. The purpose of this study was to extend our preliminary observations by relating the incidence of illnesses and minor injuries to various indices of training. METHODS:We report observations of the relationship of banal illnesses (a frequently cited marker of overtraining syndrome) to training load and training monotony in experienced athletes (N = 25). Athletes recorded their training using a method that integrates the exercise session RPE and the duration of the training session. Illnesses were noted and correlated with indices of training load (rolling 6 wk average), monotony (daily mean/standard deviation), and strain (load x monotony). RESULTS:It was observed that a high percentage of illnesses could be accounted for when individual athletes exceeded individually identifiable training thresholds, mostly related to the strain of training. CONCLUSIONS:These suggest that simple methods of monitoring the characteristics of training may allow the athlete to achieve the goals of training while minimizing undesired training outcomes.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Foster Cdoi
10.1097/00005768-199807000-00023subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-07-01 00:00:00pages
1164-8issue
7eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:Data from the general population suggest that habitual exercise decreases bronchial responsiveness, but the possible role of exercise in asthmatics is undefined. The leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast decreases bronchial responsiveness and exercise-induced symptoms in asthmatic children. This randomize...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31815d9670
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study evaluated the effect of Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) on the autonomic nervous modulation in older persons. METHODS:Twenty TCC practitioners and 20 normal controls were included in this study. The stationary state spectral heart rate variability (HRV) measures between TCC practitioners and normal controls, an...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000099242.10669.F7
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Lateral knee osteoarthritis (OA) is common after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), yet gait characteristics associated with lateral knee OA after ACLR are not well understood. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare knee, trunk, pelvis, hip, and ankle kinematics and moments between people wi...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000671
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and evaluate the accuracy of a portable telemetric oxygen uptake analyzer (K2). Two experiments were carried out: a) using a mechanical lung, the accuracy of the K2 to measure oxygen fractions and minute ventilation following 10 and 60 min of warm-up was determin...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Arterialization of venous gas emboli (VGE) formed after surfacing from SCUBA diving can become arterial gas emboli (AGE) through intrapulmonary arterial-venous anastomoses that open with exercise. METHODS:We recruited twenty patent foramen ovale-negative SCUBA divers and conducted a field and a laboratory...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000625
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the contributions of physical fitness and body composition to 24-h fat oxidation in adults under sedentary conditions in a whole-room calorimeter. METHODS:The following measurements were studied in 109 adults (49 male/45 female) at least 36 h after a bout of exercise: 1) aerobic fitne...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200004000-00013
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the possible role of elastic potentiation on mechanical efficiency, three male marathon runners were filmed while running on a treadmill at various steady-state speeds ranging from 7.0-22.0 km X h-1. Kinematic and mechanical energy analyses were performed from the film. Expired air was collected for ene...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/00005768-198315040-00009
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of glucose polymer (GP) ingestion upon endurance performance during walking exercise at 45% VO2max was examined. Also, performance on a battery of psychomotor tests was assessed to determine if exhaustion from endurance exercise was related to central nervous system dysfunction. Ten trained male subjects in...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The present study examined the effect of extreme old age on the plasticity of the rat plantaris muscle in response to an increase in mechanical load. METHODS:Male Fischer 344 rats, aged 7 months (adult) and 25 months (old) underwent bilateral surgical ablation of the gastrocnemius muscle to functionally overlo...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200207000-00010
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Reducing ice friction was one of the motives for developing the klapskate. However, the magnitude of power dissipation that occurs with conventional skates when a skater plantar flexes his ankle and the tip of the blade is pressed into the ice has not been quantified previously. In this study, we examine how ic...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200103000-00025
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cell-to-cell lactate shuttle was introduced in 1984 and has been repeatedly supported by studies using a variety of experimental approaches. Because of its large mass and metabolic capacity, skeletal muscle is probably the major component of the lactate shuttle in terms of both production and consumption. Muscles ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31815fa580
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The case of a table tennis player suffering from intra-articular loose bodies of the elbow is reported. The patient developed the first signs of osteochondritis dissecans of the right lateral humeral condyle at age 16 but underwent surgery only 6 yr later. He has now resumed training and competition, despite some resi...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten eumenorrheic nonathletic women, aged 21-25, were studied on the 8th day following the LH peak in three consecutive cycles. Plasma level and metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were measured before and during a 2-h continuous treadmill test at a speed corresponding to 70% of their ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular oxidants include a variety of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and chlorinating species. It is well established that the increase in metabolic rate in skeletal muscle during contractile activity results in an increased production of oxidants. Failure to remove these oxidants during exercise can result in significan...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00005768-199907000-00011
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Recovery of ambulatory function after stroke is routinely assessed using standardized subject- or observer-rated instruments that do not directly measure ambulatory activities in the home-community setting. Accuracy of conventional pedometers in stroke patients is not established, limiting their application in ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200203000-00002
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We transposed the concept of effectiveness of force application used in pedaling mechanics to calculate the ratio of forces (RF) during sprint running and tested the hypothesis that field sprint performance was related to the technical ability to produce high amounts of net positive horizontal force. This abili...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e318216ea37
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an exercise program of two different intensities, with nutritional control, on gestational weight gain (GWG), infant birth weight, and maternal weight retention at 2 months postpartum (2 mopp). METHODS:Pregnant women (prepregnancy body mass index = 18.5-24.9 kg·m) wer...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31825365f1
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the associations of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (hereafter fitness) with incident glaucoma in a prospective observational study. METHODS:Physical activity was measured by self-reported leisure-time activities, and fitness was measured by maximal treadmill test. I...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001692
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the effects of age, gender, and ethnicity on the predicted aerobic power of youth as they age from 8 to 16 yr. METHODS:The sample was a multicohort group of 2540 African Americans (N = 543) and Caucasians (N = 1997), 1279 (50.4%) girls and 1261 (49.6%) boys. Heights, weights, and sum of skin folds...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200201000-00022
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve 9- to 12-year-old children (6 boys, 6 girls) performed four exercise-in-heat (35 degrees C, 45% RH) trials which differed in the composition of the fluids they drank. In each trial, subjects cycled for one 20-min and two 15-min bouts at 50% peak VO2 with 10-min rest periods in between. In a fourth bout, they cy...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Running technique and economy (VO2submax) were examined before and after a 6-wk period of running training. Fifteen males were filmed and performed 10-min economy runs at 3.36 m.s-1 on a treadmill. An incremental treadmill test was used to record running performance and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Subjects we...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/00005768-199607000-00013
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Compare the influence of the chemoreflex on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) responses between children and adults. METHODS:Seventy children (35 boys and 35 girls) and 70 adults (35 men and 35 women) performed 30% maximal voluntary contraction static handgrip exercise (SHG) for 3 min, followed by 4 min ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000155400.14813.df
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Neural adaptations to strength training have long been recognized, but knowledge of mechanisms remains incomplete. Using novel techniques and a design which limited experimental bias, this study examined if 4 wk of strength training alters voluntary activation and corticospinal transmission. METHODS:Twenty-one...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001367
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Physical activity guidelines recommend at least 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), 75 min of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), or combination of MPA and VPA. However, few epidemiological studies have examined whether the general population can derive equal health benefits from MPA ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001463
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Influence of post-surgery time after cardiac transplantation on exercise responses. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 171-175, 1996. To test the hypothesis that exercise response changes with time after cardiac transplantation, we investigated the cardiorespiratory responses of nine orthotopic heart transpl...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199602000-00003
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To explore the influence of the epicardial fat (EF) tissue on aspects of heart rate recovery (HRR) and cardiorespiratory fitness (V O2peak) in middle-aged men. METHODS:A cross-sectional analysis of EF thickness was performed on 101 overweight or obese men. The men were categorized into low-EF, moderate-EF, and...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181b8b1f0
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of a home-based cycling program for women with a recent diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on aerobic fitness, weight gain, self-reported mobility, attitude, and intentions toward maternal exercise, and obstetric and neonatal outcomes. METHODS:...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000587
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Investigate development of specific performance adaptions and hormonal responses every fourth week during a 12-wk high-intensity training (HIT) period in groups with different interval-training prescriptions. METHODS:Sixty-three well-trained cyclists performing a 12-wk intervention consisting of two to three H...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001214
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:A twin design was used to test whether the association between exercise behavior and heart rate and the association between exercise behavior and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) derive from a common genetic factor. METHODS:Data were available from 157 adolescent (aged 13-22) and 208 middle-aged twin pairs (...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000079073.20399.11
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stress fractures (SF) are one of the most common and potentially serious overuse injuries. PURPOSE:This study aimed to develop a computational biomechanical model of strain in human tibial bone that will facilitate better understanding of the pathophysiology of SF. METHODS:The MRI of a healthy, young male was used f...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001628
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
