Abstract：
:Uptake of L-[3H]glutamate by monolayers of fibroblasts cultured from human embryonic skin has been studied in the presence of several nonradioactive structural analogs of glutamate and aspartate. Results have suggested that the structural specificites of glutamate transporters in cultured human fibroblasts are similar to those of glutamate transporters in the mammalian brain. Only subtle differences have been detected: in the mammalian cerebral cortex, enantiomers of threo-3-hydroxyaspartate are almost equipotent as inhibitors of L-[3H]glutamate uptake while, in human fibroblasts, the D-isomer has been found to be an order of magnitude less potent than the corresponding L-isomer. Kinetic analysis of a model in which substrates are recognized by the glutamate transporter binding site(s) as both alpha- and beta-amino acids indicated that such a mechanism cannot explain the apparent negative cooperativity characterizing the effects of D- and L-aspartate. Molecular modeling has been used to estimate the optimum conformation of L-glutamate as it interacts with the transporter(s). Flow cytometry has indicated that all fibroblasts in culture express at least moderate levels of four glutamate transporters cloned from human brain. Small subpopulations (< 3%) of cells, however, were strongly labeled with antibodies against EAAT1 (GLAST) and EAAT2 (GLT-1) transporters. We conclude that these two transporters--known to be strongly expressed in brain tissue--can be principally responsible for the "high affinity" transport of glutamate also in nonneural cells.
journal_name
Arch Biochem Biophysjournal_title
Archives of biochemistry and biophysicsauthors
Cooper B,Chebib M,Shen J,King NJ,Darvey IG,Kuchel PW,Rothstein JD,Balcar VJdoi
10.1006/abbi.1998.0626subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-05-15 00:00:00pages
356-64issue
2eissn
0003-9861issn
1096-0384pii
S0003-9861(98)90626-9journal_volume
353pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:This study assesses whether the phylogenetic relationships between SODs from different organisms could assist in elucidating the functional relationships among these enzymes from evolutionarily distinct species. Phylogenetic trees and intron positions were compared to determine the relationships among these enzymes. A...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.2001.2739
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary cultures of rainbow trout hepatocytes were used to study the expression of CYP1A1 mRNA, its protein product (P4501A1), and catalytic activities (7-ethoxy-resorufin-O-deethylase, EROD) during a 96-h period after exposure of cells to beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Hepato...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(92)90072-5
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase was purified to homogeneity using agarose-HMG-CoA affinity chromatography. Additional protein was isolated from the affinity column with 0.5 M KCl that demonstrated no HMG-CoA reductase activity, yet comigrated with purified HMG-CoA reductase on sod...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(84)90428-4
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The proteasome activator protein PA28 or 11 S regulator may play an important role in facilitating the generation of peptides for presentation by the MHC class I system. PA28 is composed of two homologous subunits termed alpha and beta. Removal of the carboxyl terminal tyrosine of the alpha subunit of PA28 abolishes a...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1998.0918
更新日期：1998-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Targeting of protein kinase A (PKA) by A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) contributes to high specificity of PKA signaling pathways. PKA phosphorylation of myofilament and cytoskeletal proteins may regulate myofibrillogenesis and myocyte remodeling during heart disease; however, known cardiac AKAPs do not localize to...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.abb.2006.06.010
更新日期：2006-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:NADP-malate dehydrogenase activity, the ratio of NADPH to NADP, and thioredoxin redox state in Zea mays chloroplasts were determined after various treatments. Following transfer from dark to light, NADP-malate dehydrogenase was activated more than 20-fold within 10 min while the proportion of pyridine nucleotide as NA...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(86)90572-2
更新日期：1986-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency was previously reported to be the biochemical lesion in a yeast mutant, designated pyc, which cannot utilize ethanol, acetate, pyruvate, aspartate, or oxaloacetate as the sole carbon source [C. Wills and T. Melham (1985) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 236, 782-791; C. Wills et al. (1986) Arch....
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(87)90343-2
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artemia trypsin-like proteinase has been reported previously to be highly inhibited in the embryo (B. Ezquieta and C.G. Vallejo (1985) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 82B, 731-736). We report now that Artemia lipovitellin, the major storage protein complex, inhibits the proteinase. We have carried out an in vitro study of the...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(86)90743-5
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1999.1201
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The important characteristic of novel Mimosa pudica tubulin is its ability to bind colchicine only when dithiothreitol is included in the isolation buffer, indicating the involvement of sulfhydryl groups in colchicine binding. Modification of sulfhydryl groups by a sulfhydryl modifying agent also affects the normal as...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(92)90695-s
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We measured temporal oscillations of intracellular K+ concentration in yeast cells exhibiting glycolytic oscillations using fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy methods. These oscillations showed the same period as those of glycolytic metabolites (NADH, ATP), indicating a strong coupling between them. We experimen...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.abb.2020.108257
更新日期：2020-03-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0003-9861(02)00259-X
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycine residues are recognized as important structural determinants in nucleotide-binding domains of many enzymes. The functional significance of seven glycine residues invariant in all 22 eNTPDase sequences was therefore examined. Glycine-to-alanine mutants of eNTPDase3 were analyzed for nucleotidase activities and ...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.2001.2570
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) on two key steps of microsomal phosphatidic acid formation was examined. Rat liver microsomes were purified by size-exclusion chromatography to remove endogenous cytosolic fatty acid and fatty acyl-CoA binding proteins while recombinant FABPs were used to avoid cross-c...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1997.9957
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The polyisoprenyl phosphate dephosphorylating activity of rat liver has been investigated with regard to substrate specificity, subcellular distribution, and transmembrane orientation. Total liver microsomes were employed as a source of enzymatic activity against a variety of 32P-labeled substrates. Susceptibility to ...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(86)90576-x
更新日期：1986-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanoceria were synthesized by discharging plasma at 800 V with a frequency of 30 kHz for 0-25 min using a pulsed unipolar power supply into solutions containing 1 or 2 mM of Ce(NO3)2. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a characteristic absorbance maxima at 304-320 nm for the nanoceria with increase in the intensity of the pea...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.abb.2018.02.003
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inducible formation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase in the cells of Chromatium vinosum under autotrophic conditions was not affected by six different inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Photosynthetic CO2 fixation and RuBP carboxylase activities were not influenced by seven reagents known to eliminate plasmid...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(83)90199-6
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of enzyme and buffer premixes for in vitro biotransformation assays is described. The protein premixes contain a mixture of three recombinant human proteins, cytochrome P450 (P450) 3A4, NADPH-P450 reductase, cytochrome b5, and liposomes. The buffer premix contains reagents which, when diluted, provide ...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1997.0378
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possibility of a cooperative interaction between fat-soluble antioxidants is examined in a membrane model. A combination of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol results in an inhibition of lipid peroxidation significantly greater than the sum of the individual inhibitions. Our data provide the first evidence that be...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(92)90658-j
更新日期：1992-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In bovine retinal pigment epithelium membranes we have found three hydrolases which were active against trans-retinyl palmitate. This was possible by assaying different subcellular fractions as a function of pH in the range 3-9. Detection of these activities has been favored by the use in the enzyme assay of Triton X-...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(91)90238-e
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incubation of rat hepatocytes with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR), an activator of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), produced a twofold stimulation of palmitate oxidation and of the activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-I), together with a profound decrease of the activity ...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1996.9784
更新日期：1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A ganglioside GM1-specific alpha 1-->2fucosyltransferase is induced during the early stages of chemical carcinogenesis with N-2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) in rat liver hepatocytes. The induction of this enzyme gives rise to the expression of a fucose-containing ganglioside with the same determinant structure as blood g...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1998.0728
更新日期：1998-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Site-directed mutagenesis was used to probe the role of glycine residue 336 in the regulatory properties of Escherichia coli ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. This residue was previously found to be changed from glycine to aspartate in the gene of an Escherichia coli mutant strain. The mutant enzyme had altered kinetic p...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1998.0648
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have shown that superoxide (O2.-) is produced during the oxidation of veratryl alcohol by lignin peroxidase (LiP) by the reaction of the veratryl alcohol cation radical with hydrogen peroxide (D. B. Barr, M. M. Shah, and S. D. Aust, 1993, J. Biol. Chem. 268, 241-244). Compound III, an inactive form of peroxidases c...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1994.1251
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An in vitro expression plasmid (pGRAP) that contained the cDNA coding for the rat mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase precursor was constructed, mRNA was synthesized then translated, and the in vitro synthesized precursor of aldehyde dehydrogenase was used in an in vitro import assay. As expected the 19 amino acid si...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(89)90238-5
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:7-Chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) is a specific covalent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein ATPase activity (M. K. Al-Shawi, and A. E. Senior, 1993, J. Biol. Chem. 268, 4197-4206). Complete inhibition occurs at a reaction stoichiometry of 1 mol NBD/mol P-glycoprotein, and the reagent has proved valuable in und...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1998.0778
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction of reducing sugars with proteins leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and reactive oxidative species (ROS). ROS peroxidise free or membrane included unsaturated fatty acids, leading to generate reactive aldehydes as advanced lipid peroxidation end products (ALE). Aldehydes fr...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.abb.2019.05.008
更新日期：2019-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of insulin on phospholipid metabolism and generation of diacylglycerol (DAG) and on activation of protein kinase C in rat hepatocytes were compared to those of vasopressin and angiotension II. Insulin provoked increases in [3H]glycerol labeling of phosphatidic acid (PA), diacylglycerol (DAG), and other gly...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(90)90749-o
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Superoxide dismutase from the anaerobe Bacteroides fragilis has been purified to apparent homogeneity. The protein, Mr 42,000, is a dimer of equally sized subunits joined by noncovalent interactions. Metal analysis of the native enzyme revealed 1.8-1.9 g-atoms Fe, 0.2 g-atoms Zn, and less than 0.05 g-atoms Mn per mole...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0003-9861(83)90413-7
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal thymocytes and thymoma cells have been exposed to the toxic action of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) to study the mechanisms of oxidative lethal cell injury and the sensitivity of normal and tumor cells to an oxidative stress. From our data, we can suggest that: (a) In thymoma cells two mechanisms can operat...
journal_title：Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/abbi.1994.1283
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
