The clock in the mouse retina: melatonin synthesis and photoreceptor degeneration.

abstract：:Hypoxia-induced apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is the major cause of progressive vision loss in numerous retinal diseases, including glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Taurine is a naturally occurring free amino acid that has been shown to have neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties in the retina. We ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Chen K,Zhang Q,Wang J,Liu F,Mi M,Xu H,Chen F,Zeng K

更新日期：2009-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Endogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from the rat medial preoptic area (MPOA) was measured in an in vitro slice technique with sensitive HPLC analysis. Oestrogen is demonstrated to increase GABA activity in the ovariectomised, oestrogen-primed (OVX-EB) rat prior to the luteinising hormone (LH) surge compa...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Herbison AE,Heavens RP,Dyer RG

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) of the medial preoptic area (MPOA) and the medial amygdala are two brain regions in which male rat sexual behavior increased Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-Li). Dopamine is released in the MPOA during male rat sexual behavior and facilitates copulation. Psychostimulants, which increas...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Lumley LA,Hull EM

更新日期：1999-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, the effects of intra-central amygdala (CeA) injection of dopamine D1 receptor agonist and antagonist on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) were investigated in male Wistar rats. Our data showed that subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of morphine sulphate (0.5-10 mg/kg) significantly i...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Zarrindast MR,Rezayof A,Sahraei H,Haeri-Rohani A,Rassouli Y

更新日期：2003-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The regional hemodynamic basis of the cardiovascular response to acute noise stress in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and the role of the central amygdaloid nucleus in mediating this response was investigated. Using the pulsed Doppler flow probe technique it was determined that in respons...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Galeno TM,Van Hoesen GW,Brody MJ

更新日期：1984-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Field potentials preceding vocalization were recorded with electrodes chronically implanted on the surface and at 2.0-3.0 mm depth in various cortical areas in three monkeys. Surface-negative, depth-positive (s-N, d-P) slow potentials prior to vocalization were recorded in the premotor (including the Broca's homology)...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Gemba H,Miki N,Sasaki K

更新日期：1995-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of estrus and prolonged estradiol benzoate (EB) treatment on estrogen receptor-like immunoreactivity (ER-LI) were studied in the female Brazilian opossum (monodelphis domestica) brain. In general, both estrus animals and EB treated animals had reduced ER-LI in specific brain regions when compared to ovarie...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Pearson PL,Ross LR,Jacobson CD

更新日期：1993-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The accumulation of acid-labile CO2 was measured in the rat brain at early times after exposure to 30% CO2 in oxygen. In particular, the effect on CO2 accumulation of inhibiting brain carbonic anhydrase with acetazolamide was studied. For 57 rats, a rat head perfusion technique was used which permits control and rapid...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Thompson AM,Thompson JL,Robertson RC

更新日期：1980-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate to what extent the loss of cholinergic projections to the neocortex results in functional impairment in the target areas, local rates of cerebral glucose utilization were measured following excitotoxin lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) in the rat. Both unilateral and bilateral lesions...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Orzi F,Diana G,Casamenti F,Palombo E,Fieschi C

更新日期：1988-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The characterization of motor and cognitive dysfunctions following a neonatal ischemic injury is a prerequisite to investigate putative pharmacological interventions. To this end, in the present study, we evaluated the long-lasting behavioral alterations occurring after a hypoxic/ischemic injury obtained by the combin...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Balduini W,De Angelis V,Mazzoni E,Cimino M

更新日期：2000-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:These studies investigated autoregulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein expression and activation in rat brain using western blot methodology. By comparing GR immunoblot reactivity present in various tissue subcellular preparations we were able to discriminate between corticosterone-induced changes in GR act...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Spencer RL,Kalman BA,Cotter CS,Deak T

更新日期：2000-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Binding of cyclic AMP to the regulatory subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is an essential step in cyclic AMP-mediated intracellular signal transduction. This binding is, however, rapidly inhibited in the acute phase of cerebral ischemia, indicating that the signal transduction via PKA is very vulner...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tanaka K,Ito D,Suzuki S,Dembo T,Kosakai A,Fukuuchi Y

更新日期：2002-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Rabbits passively oscillated in the horizontal plane with a free hand tended to stabilize their head in space (re: earth-fixed surroundings) by moving the head on the trunk (neck angular deviation, NAD) opposite the passively imposed body rotation. The gain (NAD/body rotation) of head stabilization varied from 0.0 to ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Fuller JH

更新日期：1981-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the respiratory effects of inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in brain tissue, we infused acetazolamide (ACZ) into the cisterna magna in anesthetized rats. Three concentrations, 4.5, 45 and 450 microM in artificial cerebrospinal fluid, were infused continuously at 2 microliter/min for 20 min and the responses ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Adams JM,Johnson NL

更新日期：1990-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The developmental time course and life span of the human brain are different from those of laboratory animals. These variations may be the reflection of metabolic differences of the neurons between different species. Using immunocytochemistry, we show that pyramidal neurons accumulate advanced glycosylation end produc...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Li JJ,Voisin D,Quiquerez AL,Bouras C

更新日期：1994-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Currently there are no uniform standard treatments for newborn suffering from cerebral hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and to find new and effective strategies for treating the HI injury remains a key direction for future research. Present study was designed to demonstrate that optimal dose (1 or 3%) of creatine monohydrate (Cr...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Allah Yar R,Akbar A,Iqbal F

更新日期：2015-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolidase deficiency is characterized by chronic ulcerative dermatitis, mental retardation, and frequent infections. In the present study we examined the characteristics of rat brain prolidase isoenzymes. Prolidase isoenzymes (PD I and PD II) were isolated from the rat brain using DEAE cellulose column chromatography....

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Chi H,Lu J,Liu G,Tong J,Nakayama K,Yamashita K,Kitaoka N,Kodama H

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Visually identified and electrophysiologically characterized sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs) were recorded using the whole-cell voltage clamp technique in slices of neonatal rat spinal cord. Monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) were evoked by electrical stimulation of the nucleus intercalatus...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Miyazaki T,Kobayashi H,Tosaka T

更新日期：1998-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurotensin (NT) is an endogenous peptide which has been hypothesized to function in the central nervous systems as a neurotransmitter. Injection of NT into the cerebral ventricular system of rodents produces antinociception in a variety of analgesia tests. In the hot plate test, direct microinjection of NT into the c...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kalivas PW,Gau BA,Nemeroff CB,Prange AJ Jr

更新日期：1982-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to develop a model culture system for the study of factors controlling regeneration of axons from injured adult mammalian central nervous system. We show, for the first that retinal ganglion cells (RGC) dissociated from adult rat retina, regrow processes in vitro over long distances un...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wigley CB,Berry M

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of norepinephrine (NE) on inhibitory synaptic potentials were studied on CA1 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal slice in vitro. Norepinephrine caused the appearance of multiple population spikes in the CA1 region of the hippocampal slice, reminiscent of the actions of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antag...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Madison DV,Nicoll RA

更新日期：1988-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenitally anophthalmic mice (ZRDCT-AN) have circadian rhythms which 'free-run' and are not light modulated. Their rhythms differ from those of controls in: duration of circadian period, length of active phase, and pattern/intensity of activity. Three different populations have been described based upon wheel-runnin...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Laemle LK,Hori N,Strominger NL,Tan Y,Carpenter DO

更新日期：2002-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of the GABAA agonist, isoguvacine, on NMDA-induced burst firing of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons were studied with intracellular and whole cell recordings in vitro. NMDA application caused the neurons to fire in rhythmic bursts. Although the NMDA-induced bursty firing pattern was insensitive to hyp...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Paladini CA,Iribe Y,Tepper JM

更新日期：1999-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine if ventrolateral periaqueductal gray contains neurons that selectively increase their discharge activity before and during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and hence might furnish GABAergic inhibition of monoaminergic neurons, we recorded the extracellular activity of 33 neurons across sleep-wakefulness in...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Thakkar MM,Strecker RE,McCarley RW

更新日期：2002-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Elevation of [K+]o for 30 s from 4 to 120 mM produced a fast and reversible depolarization and transient increase in [Ca2+]i in fura-2 loaded Retzius cells of the leech. The protein phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid, significantly slowed the return of [Ca2+]i toward baseline without affecting the amplitude of depola...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kleinhaus AL,Zeman RJ

更新日期：1994-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate the role of the large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (BK(Ca) channel) in the production of bursting activity, which is characteristic of convulsions, effects of iberiotoxin (IbTX), a selective blocker of the BK(Ca) channel, on bursting activity, induced by various procedures were examined...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Jin W,Sugaya A,Tsuda T,Ohguchi H,Sugaya E

更新日期：2000-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Early microglial reaction following mild ischemic injury caused by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion has been investigated in rats. The ischemic insults lasted for 10, 15 and 20 min without recirculation, and with several reperfusion intervals from 1 h to 3 days. The resting and activated microglial cells were...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Abrahám H,Lázár G

更新日期：2000-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:An immunoneutralization technique with specific antibodies was used to explore the role of endogenous neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release after hypoglycemic stress in the dog. Dogs received injections of rabbit antihuman NPY gamma-globulin (anti-NPY) or normal gamma-globulin (NGG) in...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Inui A,Inoue T,Nakajima M,Okita M,Sakatani N,Okimura Y,Chihara K,Baba S

更新日期：1990-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing number of studies suggest that learning to read changes the way the brain processes spoken language. Yet, there is still a hot debate about the locus of these literacy effects. While most psycholinguists would argue that these effects are late and postlexical, interactive theories of word recognition sug...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Perre L,Ziegler JC

更新日期：2008-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Although much is known regarding the modulation of ion channels through protein phosphorylation, little is known about their dephosphorylation by protein phosphatases (PrPs). To address this issue we examined the effects of a phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid (OA), and protein phosphatases obtained from rabbit skele...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ichinose M,Byrne JH

更新日期：1991-05-17 00:00:00