Structural organization of the perivascular astrocyte endfeet and their relationship with the endothelial glucose transporter: a confocal microscopy study.

abstract：:In non-excitable cells, stimulation of phosphoinositide (PI) turnover and inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+-ATPase are methods commonly used to deplete calcium stores, resulting in a capacitative Ca2+ influx (i.e., Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ influx). Since this Ca2+ influx in glial cells has not been ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Wu ML,Kao EF,Liu IH,Wang BS,Lin-Shiau SY

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Galactosylceramide (GalC) is the major sphingolipid of the myelin membrane. Mice lacking GalC due to ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT) deficiency form unstable and functionally affected myelin and exhibit a progressive demyelination, accompanied by severe motor coordination deficits. In addition to oligodendrocytes...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zöller I,Büssow H,Gieselmann V,Eckhardt M

更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Resident microglia of the rat CNS express a unique type of keratan sulfate immunoreactivity (KS-IR) that is lacking on peripheral monocytes/macrophages and associated with a so far unknown proteoglycan core protein. Microglial KS-IR is downregulated during T-cell-mediated autoimmune inflammation but largely preserved ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Jander S,Schroeter M,Fischer J,Stoll G

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The consequences of sublytic terminal complement complex (TCC) assembly on Schwann cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined by using purified complement proteins (C5*-9) or antibody-sensitized Schwann cells in the presence of a serum that was depleted of the seventh component of complement (C7dHS) and reconstitu...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Dashiell SM,Rus H,Koski CL

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sciatic nerve explants cultured either alone or in the presence of peritoneal macrophages were used to study prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) production following traumatic peripheral nerve injury. Although barely detectable at early time points (1-3 h in vitro), the production of PGE(2) and 6-keto-P...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Muja N,DeVries GH

更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The X-linked mutation rumpshaker (rsh), which is probably an allele of jimpy (jp), causes hypomyelination in the CNS of mice. This study examines the developmental expression of the morphology, glial cells, and immunostaining of myelin proteins in the optic nerve and spinal cord. The optic nerve contains varying numbe...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fanarraga ML,Griffiths IR,McCulloch MC,Barrie JA,Kennedy PG,Brophy PJ

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently starts near the lateral ventricles, which are lined by subventricular zone (SVZ) progenitor cells that can migrate to lesions and contribute to repair. Because MS-induced inflammation may decrease SVZ proliferation and thus limit repair, we studied the role of galectin-3 (Gal-3), a p...

journal_title：Glia

authors： James RE,Hillis J,Adorján I,Gration B,Mundim MV,Iqbal AJ,Majumdar MM,Yates RL,Richards MM,Goings GE,DeLuca GC,Greaves DR,Miller SD,Szele FG

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor Ascl1 plays crucial roles in both oligodendrocyte development and neuronal development; however, the molecular target of Ascl1 in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) remains elusive. To identify the downstream targets of Ascl1 in OPCs, we performed gene expres...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ueno T,Ito J,Hoshikawa S,Ohori Y,Fujiwara S,Yamamoto S,Ohtsuka T,Kageyama R,Akai M,Nakamura K,Ogata T

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels have been implicated in the mediation of retinal K+ homeostasis by Muller glial cells. To assess possible involvement of altered glial K+ channel expression in ischemia-reperfusion injury, transient retinal ischemia was induced in rat eyes. Acutely isolated Muller cells from posti...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Pannicke T,Uckermann O,Iandiev I,Biedermann B,Wiedemann P,Perlman I,Reichenbach A,Bringmann A

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate that there are significantly more p75 neurotrophin receptor- (NTR)-expressing cells in olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) primary cultures from olfactory nerve rootlets (ONR), but a greater proportion of O4 antigen- and PSA-NCAM-expressing cells in parallel cultures from the nerve fibre layer of the olfac...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kumar R,Hayat S,Felts P,Bunting S,Wigley C

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We characterized morphological effects of the endogenous excitotoxin, glutamate in ex vivo retinal segments prepared from 30-day-old rats. Initial changes induced by glutamate consisted of reversible, sodium-dependent Müller cell swelling. This glial swelling was mimicked by glutamate transport substrates but not by i...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Izumi Y,Kirby CO,Benz AM,Olney JW,Zorumski CF

更新日期：1999-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells play a crucial role in the organization and function of the nervous system. Cell-cell adhesion receptors of the cadherin family have been shown to participate in distinct morphogenetic processes throughout the development of the CNS, but little is known about glial expression of cadherins. Applying immunof...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gerhardt H,Rascher G,Schuck J,Weigold U,Redies C,Wolburg H

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are the immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and play important roles under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Activation of microglia has been reported for a variety of CNS diseases and is believed to be involved in inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration. Loss of TGFβ1 results in ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Spittau B,Wullkopf L,Zhou X,Rilka J,Pfeifer D,Krieglstein K

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the last few years, the expression of voltage-dependent, TTX-sensitive Na+ channels has been demonstrated in several types of neuroglial cells such as astrocytes and Schwann cells. Recently, we reported the occurrence of such Na+ currents in retinal Müller (glial) cells from dog and cat. This paper deals with t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chao TI,Skachkov SN,Eberhardt W,Reichenbach A

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitogenic role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its involvement in basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced proliferation were examined in primary cultures of cerebellar astrocytes. Exposure to bFGF resulted in a rapid increase of extracellular S1P formation, bFGF inducing astrocytes to release S1P, but n...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bassi R,Anelli V,Giussani P,Tettamanti G,Viani P,Riboni L

更新日期：2006-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Gliogenesis in the mammalian CNS continues after birth, with astrocytes being generated well into the first two postnatal weeks. In this study, we have isolated an A2B5(+) astrocyte precursor (APC) from the postnatal rat forebrain, which is capable of differentiating into mature astrocytes in serum-free medium without...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lin G,Goldman JE

更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells make myelin, a specialized sheath that is essential for rapid axonal conduction of action potentials. Immature Schwann cells initially interact with many axons, but, through a process termed radial sorting, eventually interact with one segment of a single axon as promyel...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Raphael AR,Lyons DA,Talbot WS

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The crosstalk between glial cells and neurons represents an exceptional feature for maintaining the normal function of the central nervous system (CNS). Increasing evidence has revealed the importance of glial progenitor cells in adult neurogenesis, reestablishment of cellular pools, neuroregeneration, and axonal (re)...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Martins-Macedo J,Lepore AC,Domingues HS,Salgado AJ,Gomes ED,Pinto L

更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The normal adult vertebrate nervous system is a relative quiescent tissue in terms of cell proliferation. However, astrocytes in many regions of the central nervous system (CNS) retain the capacity to undergo cell division. To examine the mechanisms that regulate the proliferation of astrocytes in the CNS we have util...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nakatsuji Y,Miller RH

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The idea of a metabolic coupling between neurons and astrocytes in the brain has been entertained for about 100 years. The use recently of simple and well-compartmentalized nervous systems, such as the honeybee retina or purified preparations of neurons and glia, provided strong support for a nutritive function of gli...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tsacopoulos M,Poitry-Yamate CL,Poitry S,Perrottet P,Veuthey AL

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanisms that regulate the amount of releasable Ca2+ in intracellular stores of cultured mouse astrocytes were investigated using digital imaging of fura-2 loaded cells. At rest, the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]cyt, was about 110 nM. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), an inhibi...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Golovina VA,Bambrick LL,Yarowsky PJ,Krueger BK,Blaustein MP

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes can experience large intracellular Na+ changes following the activation of the Na+-coupled glutamate transport. The present study investigated whether cytosolic Na+ changes are transmitted to mitochondria, which could therefore influence their function and contribute to the overall intracellular Na+ regulat...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bernardinelli Y,Azarias G,Chatton JY

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synemin, a very unique type VI intermediate filament (IF) protein, exhibits alternative splice variants termed alpha and beta. Unlike other IF proteins, synemin binds to actin-associated proteins, including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and alpha-dystrobrevin. Our previous work has demonstrated the presence of synemin in d...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Jing R,Pizzolato G,Robson RM,Gabbiani G,Skalli O

更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglial activation has been reported to promote neurotoxicity and also neuroprotective effects. A possible contributor to this dichotomy of responses may be the degree to which proximal neurons are injured. The aim of this study was to determine whether varying the severity of neuronal injury influenced whether mic...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lai AY,Todd KG

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a potent and broadly acting neurotrophic factor that protects neurons in various types of cultured neurons against glutamate excitotoxicity and induced-apoptosis. Some of the effects of PEDF reflect specific changes in gene expression, mediated via activation of the transcri...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Yabe T,Sanagi T,Schwartz JP,Yamada H

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, have recently been removed from the position of mere sentinels and promoted to the role of active sculptors of developing circuits and cells. Alongside their functions in normal brain development, microglia coordinate sexual differentiation of the brain, a set of proces...

journal_title：Glia

authors： VanRyzin JW,Marquardt AE,Pickett LA,McCarthy MM

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Propagation of intercellular calcium waves (ICW) between astrocytes depends on the diffusion of signaling molecules through gap junction channels and diffusion through the extracellular space of neuroactive substances acting on plasmalemmal receptors. The relative contributions of these two pathways vary in different ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Suadicani SO,De Pina-Benabou MH,Urban-Maldonado M,Spray DC,Scemes E

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are candidates for therapeutic approaches for neural regeneration due to their ability to assist axon regrowth in central nervous system lesion models. However, little is understood about the processes and mechanisms underlying migration of these cells. We report here that novel lame...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Windus LC,Claxton C,Allen CL,Key B,St John JA

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence has revealed that astrocytes are potential targets for various neurotransmitters. Here we investigated the effects of prostaglandins (PGs) on signal transduction in purified primary cultures of rat type-1 and type-2 astrocytes. PGF2 alpha, PGD2, and 9 alpha,11 beta-PGF2, a metabolite of PGD2 and ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ito S,Sugama K,Inagaki N,Fukui H,Giles H,Wada H,Hayaishi O

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have analysed in detail the properties of oligodendrocyte-type-2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor cells derived from the spinal cords of adult rats to gain further insights into the mechanisms that control the generation of oligodendrocytes in the healthy and demyelinated adult central nervous systems (CNS). When O-2A p...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Engel U,Wolswijk G

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00