Carotid endarterectomy.

abstract：:Dizziness is a common chief complaint with an extensive differential diagnosis that includes both benign and serious conditions. Physicians must distinguish the majority of patients who suffer from self-limiting conditions from those with serious illnesses that require acute treatment. The preferred approach to the di...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Gurley KL,Edlow JA

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alteration in neural control from suprapontine areas to the nerves innervating the bladder can lead to bladder dysfunction and the development of a neurogenic bladder (NGB). Patients with NGB often suffer from urinary incontinence, which can lead to adverse events such as urinary tract infections and decubiti, in addi...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Smith CP,Chancellor MB

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disorders of gait and balance are common in medicine and often lead to referral for neurologic evaluation. Because the maintenance of balance and normal gait are mediated by complex neurologic pathways as well as musculoskeletal, metabolic, and behavioral considerations, the list of possible contributing causes is ver...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Shill HA,Fife TD

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the population ages, the prevalence of many neurologic diseases is increasing. At the same time, older patients are undergoing more surgical procedures. This confluence of events puts neurohospitalists in a unique position to provide both pre- and postoperative guidance to minimize complications, improve clinical o...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Hudson KA,Greene JG

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evaluation of patients with cranial neuropathies requires an understanding of brainstem anatomy and nerve pathways. Advances in neuroimaging, particularly high spatial resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have enabled visualization of these tiny structures and their related pathology. This review provides an a...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Jha RM,Klein JP

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia characterized by involuntary, repetitive eye closure. Orofacial and oromandibular dystonia describe involuntary dystonic movements of orofacial and oromandibular musculature. Hemifacial spasm is characterized by repetitive synchronous contraction of facial nerve innervated muscles on ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Karp BI,Alter K

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The management of epilepsy in women encompasses a complex interplay between seizures, sex steroid hormones, and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). These interactions impact every aspect of the sexual and reproductive health of women with epilepsy throughout their lifetimes. Neurologists comfortable treating seizures may feel...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Noe KH

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CPP reflects perfusion problems related to increased ICP or inadequate MAP. CPP is a most helpful and practical management tool. The relationship of CBF and CPP depends on cerebral vascular resistance (flow equals pressure divided by resistance). At present, we do not have a practical method to measure vascular resist...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Stone JL

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical evaluation of peripheral neuropathies can be challenging. This article presents an approach based on a structured assessment that asks a series of yes or no questions during the history and examination that leads to localization and characterization of the neuropathy. The final assessment includes further...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Bromberg MB

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe spastic tone and/or spastic hypertonia can be the most disabling consequences of a neurologic insult, resulting from an excess of muscle tone. Baclofen, a GABA-B agonist, is one of the most widely used drugs in treating abnormal or disabling spastic tone. However, the effectiveness of baclofen taken orally is o...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Furr-Stimming E,Boyle AM,Schiess MC

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial diseases are multiorgan system disorders and the brain is the most commonly affected organ. The high-energy requirement of the brain leaves it vulnerable to energy failure. All components of the neuraxis including muscle, the neuromuscular junction, peripheral nerve, spinal cord, and brain can be affecte...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Haas RH,Zolkipli Z

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a very common condition in patients with stroke and is found in over half of stroke patients. There is a complex relationship between OSA and stroke, attributable to shared risk factors. There are numerous mechanisms by which OSA may contribute to increased stroke risk, including promo...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Brown DL

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lightning and electrical injuries have widespread manifestations involving almost all organ systems of the body, including the central nervous system (CNS) and the eye. This article considers the neuro-ophthalmologic effects of lightning and electrical injury. ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Grover S,Goodwin J

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pain is common but often underrecognized after stroke. Poststroke pain (PSP) hinders recovery, impairs quality of life, and is associated with the psychological state of patients with stroke. The most common subtypes of PSP include central PSP, complex regional pain syndrome, shoulder pain, spasticity-related pain, an...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Yang S,Chang MC

更新日期：2021-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic resonance imaging plays a key role in diagnosis and treatment monitoring of brain tumors. Novel imaging techniques that specifically interrogate aspects of underlying tumor biology and biochemical pathways have great potential in neuro-oncology. This review focuses on the emerging role of 2-hydroxyglutarate-t...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Kickingereder P,Andronesi OC

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Headaches are a common complaint for most women during their lifetime, including gestation and puerperium. Tension-type headaches and migraine flare-ups are the most common headache complications after delivery, but the differential diagnosis of postpartum headache is broad. The clinician must distinguish common heada...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Cardona L,Klein AM

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of technology in neurology education has revolutionized many aspects of medical teaching, addressing some important challenges of modern education such as information overload and the unique needs of millennial learners. However, it also has inherent problems, such as depersonalization and high development cos...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Lau KHV,Lakhan SE,Achike F

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the last decade, we have witnessed significant advances in the study of inherited dystonias. This article will review some of those discoveries and summarize their significance for the practicing neurologist. A clinical classification of dystonia based on features that can be determined by the clinician is prop...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Gonzalez-Alegre P

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical history and neurological examination provide the most important data on which the diagnosis of autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG) is based. MG produces symptomatic weakness that predominates in certain muscle groups and typically fluctuates in response to effort and rest. The diagnosis of MG therefore depe...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Meriggioli MN,Sanders DB

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sergei Sergeevich Prokofiev (1891-1953) was one of the great Russian composers. He died, at age 61, of a supposed intracerebral brain hemorrhage. During the 8 years before his death, he suffered from episodic headaches, nausea and dizziness. This article reviews the historical information about Prokofiev's illness lea...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Hingtgen CM

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reported PET findings in subcortical and corticobasal degenerations, and in dystonia, are summarized in Table 3. It can be seen that, although PET is not a diagnostic technique, clinical examination combined with PET findings can help to distinguish between the various akinetic-rigid syndromes, with the proviso that p...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Brooks DJ

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The growth of bioethics as a practical, meaningful player in the arena of health care has paralleled that of clinical neurology not only in time but also in interaction between the two disciplines. Almost every advance in neurology has spawned an ethical dilemma, the unraveling of which has brought new insights to bot...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： McQuillen MP

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopamine agonists provide an effective means of treating early, middle, and late stages of Parkinson's disease. This article outlines the advantages and disadvantages of dopamine agonists as compared with levodopa therapy. The features and costs of the four Food and Drug Administration-approved agonists (bromocriptine...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Tuite P,Ebbitt B

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The management of severe brain injury requires a comprehensive approach in which imaging is an indispensable complement to the clinical and physiological information acquired at the bedside. Neuroimaging methods are routinely used in the diagnosis and prognosis of a broad spectrum of patients with acute neurological d...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Stevens RD,Pustavoitau A,Chalela JA

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insomnia is the most common sleep complaint. Insomnia is not a disease itself but mostly a clinical sign of an underlying disease. Degenerative and vascular diseases involving the central nervous system (CNS) may impair sleep either as a result of the brain lesion or because of illness-related discomfort (motor immobi...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Provini F,Lombardi C,Lugaresi E

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a significant neurodegenerative disease of the elderly, affecting 1 to 2% of those over 60 years of age. The disorder is characterized by resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability, and pathologically by alpha-synuclein-positive Lewy bodies. For most, the etiology is unkno...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Lorincz MT

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are many unique characteristics in elderly patients with epilepsy. The incidence of seizure in this age group is the highest of any age group and continues to increase as people live longer. Etiology of seizures is different than for adults and includes cerebrovascular disease, dementia, closed head injury, and ...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Jetter GM,Cavazos JE

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungal central nervous system infections present in a myriad of clinical manifestation and remain a significant diagnostic challenge. Presenting symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, conventional fungal serum markers and imaging correlates of disease are seldom sensitive or specific; fungal culture growth or histopa...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Jia DT,Thakur K

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Visual field deficits are common in neurologic disease conditions such as cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain injury, and brain tumors. Loss of visual fields may lead to impairment of reading skills (hemianopic dyslexia) and limitations of daily activities such as driving, which can have a significant impact on a...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Agarwal A,Kedar S

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Besides sleep apnea, the main disorders of excessive daytime sleepiness include narcolepsy and hypersomnia. Narcolepsy is characterized by periods of irresistible sleepiness and sleep attacks of brief duration and, most often, by one or more of the auxiliary symptoms: cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnogogic halluci...

journal_title：Seminars in neurology

authors： Manfredi RL,Brennan RW,Cadieux RJ

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00