Abstract:
:Neuronal nitric oxide synthase, e.g. NADPH diaphorase (NADPH-d), catalyzes formation of the free radical, nitric oxide (NO), and occurs within brain structures that have functional significance for energy fuel homeostasis. The following studies examined whether populations of NADPH-d-positive neurons in the hypothalamus and nearby preoptic area express immunoreactivity for the nuclear transcription factor, Fos, in response to glucose substrate imbalance. Eight days after bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and subcutaneous implantation of silastic capsules containing 30 microgram estradiol benzoate/ml, female rats were injected i.p. with the glucose antimetabolite, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG; 400 mg/kg), or the vehicle, saline. The animals were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion 2 h after these treatments. Sections at 150-micrometer intervals throughout preoptic area and anterior and tuberal regions of the hypothalamus were processed for dual cytoplasmic NADPH-d enzyme activity and nuclear Fos-immunoreactivity (-ir). The glucose antimetabolite elicited expression of nuclear Fos-ir by NADPH-d-positive neurons in several neural structures, including the medial preoptic area, median preoptic nucleus, anterior commissural, periventricular magnocellular supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, and medial part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. In contrast, the extensive populations of NADPH-d-positive neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and lateral hypothalamic area showed very little immunolabeling for Fos in response to glucoprivation. This demonstration of nuclear immunoreactivity for Fos suggests that cellular glucopenia elicits the transcriptional activation, via AP-1 regulatory sites, of multiple populations of hypothalamic neurons characterized by the functional capacity to generate NO, and thus that this gaseous neurotransmitter may fulfill a role(s) in central neural mechanisms governing regulation of compensatory motor responses to metabolic imbalance.
journal_name
Neuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Neuroendocrinologyauthors
Briski KP,Sylvester PWdoi
10.1159/000054417subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-03-01 00:00:00pages
181-90issue
3eissn
0028-3835issn
1423-0194pii
54417journal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Plasma chromogranin A (CgA) is the most widely used biochemical biomarker in the diagnostic workup and follow-up of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendo- crine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). Herein, we assessed the clinical utility of CgA in diagnosing and monitoring a large series of GEP-NENs. PATIENTS AND METHODS...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000369818
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In all vertebrates, the regulations of growth and energy balance are complex phenomena which involve elaborate interactions between the brain and peripheral signals. Most vertebrates adopt and maintain a life style after birth, but lower vertebrates may have complex life histories involving metamorphoses, migrations a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000101029
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to investigate whether the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) concentration in hypothalamic nuclei, dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) and pituitary lobes of lactating rats changes in physiological situations when prolactin (PRL) secretion is stimulated (suckling) or inhibited (pup separation). ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125854
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is localized in fibers in the noradrenergic nucleus locus ceruleus (LC) and alters LC discharge characteristics when administered centrally. To determine whether CRF functions as a neurotransmitter in the LC during stress, the effects of hemodynamic stress on LC discharge were comp...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125081
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present article we report that in vivo LHRH output as measured at the anterior pituitary following castration significantly increased, due to larger and more frequent LHRH signals arriving to this gland. This contrasts with the decreased amplitude and overall mean LHRH release of castrate males bearing a push-p...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124748
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prolactin (PRL) secretion from the anterior pituitary is tonically controlled by the activity of the hypothalamic tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) system. Changes in TIDA activity have been associated with the decrease in basal PRL levels shown by hamsters exposed to a short-day photoperiod. Potential concurrent...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127153
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research has shown an increase in hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity following naloxone administration to morphine-dependent rats. In the present study, we investigated the adaptive changes in the noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) systems in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) during mo...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054521
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in antidiuretic substance (i.e., vasopressin) release from the cut pituitary stalk and the intact pituitary gland were observed during electrical stimulation of amygdala medial nucleus. Electrical pulses of 4 or 36 cycles per second (cps) were used and in both cases the same energy (about 2.160 nanowatt second...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122349
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) splice variants are important for understanding estrogen effects on the brain and estrogen therapy pitfalls. We addressed the question whether a novel ER alpha splice variant TADDI is expressed at the protein level in the human brain and whether it changes in relation ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000158573
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ligand specificities of sites binding tritium-labeled arginine vasopressin (3H-AVP) were investigated in membrane preparations of rat anterior pituitary gland and liver. Labeled AVP interacted with high-affinity, low-capacity binding sites in liver as well as in pituitary membrane fractions. Binding displacement s...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123976
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of melatonin and an aqueous extract of bovine pineal glands on adrenal function were studied in pinealectomized, ovariectomized and hypophysectomized rats. Melatonin (50 microgram i.p., twice daily for 1 week) stimulates adrenal 5 alpha-reductase activity in intact animals and after ovariectomy. A correspo...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122659
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue-specific stem cells are uncovered in a growing number of organs by their molecular expression profile and their potential for self-renewal, multipotent differentiation and tissue regeneration. Whether the pituitary gland also contains a pool of versatile 'master' cells that drive homeostatic, plastic and regene...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000100278
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using two tests in intact adult rats, it has been found that a high positive correlation exists (p less than 0.005) between the ovulation inhibiting and the serotonin antagonistic activities measured in vivo of five tricyclic compounds and ten ergot derivatives. In these chemically different classes of compounds, cert...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123005
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of GABAa receptor activation on the secretion of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) from the superfused pars intermedia of the amphibian Xenopus laevis were examined. The GABAa receptor agonist isoguvacine inhibited secretion of alpha-MSH from the pars intermedia, an action completely antagon...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126516
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The storage form of prolactin (PRL) was converted into the releasable form in the lactating rat pituitary gland within 10 min of suckling by 6 pups following 4-5 h of nonsuckling on postpartum day 13-14. The characteristics of the PRL discharge from the releasable pool into the circulation was then studied using a sti...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123957
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to search for candidate genes related to pituitary adenoma aggressiveness, the present investigation was intended to compare the mRNA expression profile from a pool of four nonfunctional pituitary adenomas (NFPA) with a spinal cord metastasis of a nonfunctional pituitary carcinoma (MNFPC). The metallothionein...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000092521
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estrogens are crucial determinants in the regulation of anterior pituitary function and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Estrogen actions in this gland are exerted through both classical and non-classical mechanisms of action. This review summarizes the expression of classical α- and β-estrogen receptors and variant...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000321683
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropeptide W (NPW) is a ligand of the recently deorphaned receptor GPR7. Intracerebroventricular injection of this peptide results in reduced serum growth hormone concentration. Using whole-cell patch clamp recordings from somatostatin (SS) neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, identified post-hoc using singl...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000117577
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the neural lobe of the pituitary gland for the presence of receptors for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and their possible involvement in the regulation of neurosecretion. The presence of PACAP receptors of type I was revealed in the neural lobe, as well as in anterior a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127113
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain corticosteroid receptors, the type 1 mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and the type 2 glucocorticoid receptor (GR), are involved in the regulation of neuroendocrine and behavioral responses during ongoing and stressful conditions. To further investigate the role of MR in these responses, we treated male Wistar rat...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127272
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Correlations between the specific binding of radiolabelled adrenoligands in frontal cortex and hypothalamus, and plasma testosterone levels were investigated in inbred mouse strains. Binding values were structure and genotype dependent. There were significant negative intrastrain and interstrain correlations between h...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126893
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have found thyroxine 5'-deiodinase in rat posterior pituitary. The isozyme pattern was different in intermediate and neural lobes. The former contained only type I enzyme. In the neural lobe, in euthyroidism only type I was found while in hypothyroidism type II was a prominent form. Since type II 5'-deiodinase has ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124871
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of hepatic vagotomy upon the circadian rhythm of lipogenesis and body fat store levels were tested in seasonally obese Syrian hamsters. Lipogenesis was studied 8 weeks after surgery by measuring the incorporation of label into epididymal and retroperitoneal fat pad lipid in animals killed 30 min after intr...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125531
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of in vivo corticosterone manipulation on binding sites for the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate was determined using radioligand binding to rat brain cryostat sections and crude synaptic membranes. 3H-glutamate binding to regions of the dorsal hippocampal formation was significantly decreased in adren...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125017
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuropeptide galanin (GAL) is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems where it often coexists with catecholamines and acetylcholine. Recently we have reported that human GAL (hGAL) in man depresses the release of norepinephrine (NE) and the responses to both assumption of upright posture a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127143
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal rats exhibit a period of diminished pituitary and adrenocortical responses to stress during the first 2 weeks of life. Since thyroid hormones are known to affect brain development, modulation of these responses to stress by alterations in thyroid hormone status have been investigated in hypothyroid (Hypo) and...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125232
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release from the median eminence is critical for the appropriate function of the pituitary gonadotropes and for the generation of a preovulatory gonadotropin surge. The mechanisms by which many GnRH axon terminals are synchronized to release GnRH in a coordinated fashion...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054304
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overt Cushing's syndrome is a rare disorder with an annual incidence of 2-3/million of which benign adrenal adenomas account for 0.6/million. The female:male ratio is 3:1. Preliminary data indicate a high proportion of subclinical Cushing's syndrome in certain risk populations such as patients with type 2 diabetes or ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000314297
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of neurochemical messengers have been shown to act directly on the melanotrope cells of the pars intermedia of Xenopus laevis to regulate alpha MSH secretion. In the present study the possibility that the melanotropes are also indirectly controlled has been examined. For this purpose, the characteristics of a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125853
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the development of a radioimmunoassay for prepro-TRH(160-169) (PS4), a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) enhancing peptide, and its use in characterizing the effect of electroconvulsive seizures on the levels of this peptide in various brain regions of male Wistar rats. We found that electroconvulsive seiz...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127199
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00