Abstract：
:The Clostridium difficile toxA and toxB genes, encoding cytotoxic and enterotoxic proteins responsible for antibiotic-associated colitis and pseudomembranous colitis, were shown to be transcribed both from gene-specific promoters and from promoters of upstream genes. However, the gene-specific transcripts represented the majority of tox gene mRNAs. The 5' ends of these mRNAs were shown to correspond to DNA sequences that had promoter activity when fused to the Escherichia coli beta-glucuronidase (gusA) gene and introduced into C. perfringens. The appearance of tox mRNA in C. difficile was repressed during exponential growth phase but increased substantially as cells entered stationary phase. When glucose or other rapidly metabolizable sugars were present in the medium, the stationary phase-associated induction was inhibited, indicating that the toxin genes are subject to a form of catabolite repression. This glucose effect was general to many toxinogenic strains having varying levels of toxin production.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Dupuy B,Sonenshein ALdoi
10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00663.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-01-01 00:00:00pages
107-20issue
1eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:To investigate the determining factors in the selection of the transcription start points (tsp) by RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli, we systematically deleted or substituted single base pairs (bps) at 25 putative critical positions in the two extended -10 promoters, P1 and P2, of the gal operon. These changes extend...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04318.x
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein degradation is required for homeostasis of all living organisms. Self-compartmentalized ATP-dependent proteases are required for virulence of several pathogenic bacteria. Among the proteases implicated are ClpP and Lon, as well as the more recently identified bacterial proteasome. It is generally assumed that ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05128.x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A promoter controlling expression of the pristinamycin multidrug resistance gene (ptr), originally isolated from Streptomyces pristinaespiralis, is inducible by many toxic compounds in various Streptomyces species. Studies of ptr promoter control were carried out in the heterologous host, Streptomyces lividans. In S. ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17061109.x
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) genome contains a large repertoire of putative fimbrial operons that remain poorly characterized because they are not expressed in vitro. In this study, insertions that induced expression of the putative stdABCD fimbrial operon were identified from a random...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06185.x
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-essential RGD1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a protein that has been characterized in vitro as a Rho GTPase activating protein (RhoGAP) for the Rho3 and Rho4 proteins. Rgd1p, which displays a conserved FCH-coiled coil-Rho-GAP domain organization, showed a patch-like distribution in the cell, inclu...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01958.x
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficiency of beta-lactam antibiotics, which are among our most useful chemotherapeutic weapons, is continuously challenged by the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. This is most often due to the production of beta-lactamases by the resistant cells. These enzymes inactivate the antibiotics by hydrolysing th...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02404.x
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria retain certain proteins at their cell envelopes by attaching them in a non-covalent manner to peptidoglycan, using specific protein domains, such as the prominent LysM (Lysin Motif) domain. More than 4000 (Pfam PF01476) proteins of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have been found to contain one or more Lysin M...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06211.x
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The wrinkly spreader (WS) genotype of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 colonizes the air-liquid interface of spatially structured microcosms resulting in formation of a thick biofilm. Its ability to colonize this niche is largely due to overproduction of a cellulosic polymer, the product of the wss operon. Chemical analy...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03670.x
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Escherichia coli has two heat shock regulons under the transcriptional control of Esigma32 and EsigmaE RNA polymerases. These polymerases control the expression of genes, the products of which are needed for correct folding of proteins in the cytoplasm and the extracytoplasm respectively. In this study, we report that...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03449.x
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The enteric gamma-proteobacterium Photorhabdus luminescens kills a wide range of insects, whilst also maintaining a mutualistic relationship with soil nematodes from the family Heterorhabditis. Pathogenicity is associated with bacterial exponential growth, whilst mutualism is associated with post-exponential (stationa...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.13345
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used DNA macroarray analysis to identify genes that respond to the status of the intracellular acetyl phosphate (acP) pool. Genes whose expression correlated negatively with the ability to synthesize acP (i.e. negatively regulated genes) function primarily in flagella biosynthesis, a result consistent with observat...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03457.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent progress in the analysis of mutants of the Escherichia coli lactose carrier function is reviewed, with special emphasis on the structural basis for energy barriers which prevent 'forbidden' conformational changes. Mutations which break down the barriers to forbidden isomerizations involving the binary carrier:s...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb02053.x
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle in which four distinct developmental forms alternate between the insect vector and the mammalian host. It is assumed that replicating epimastigotes present in the insect gut are not infective to mammalian host, a paradigm corroborated b...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.13653
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Escherichia coli, initiation of chromosome replication requires that DnaA binds to R boxes (9-mer repeats) in oriC, the unique chromosomal replication origin. At the time of initiation, integration host factor (IHF) also binds to a specific site in oriC. IHF stimulates open complex formation by DnaA on supercoiled ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01755.x
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual inspection showed clear evidence of a history of intraspecies recombinational exchanges within the neighbouring meningococcal shikimate dehydrogenase (aroE) and glutamine synthetase (glnA) genes, which was supported by the non-congruence of the trees constructed from the sequences of these genes from different ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.2681633.x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxin-antitoxin loci have been identified in almost all free-living prokaryotes, often in high copy numbers. The biological function and molecular targets of the abundant vapBC loci are not yet known. Here we analyse the vapBC loci of Salmonella LT2 and Shigella plasmid pMYSH6000. Both loci encode putative PIN (PilT N...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06694.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein ubiquitylation plays a major role in the regulation of cellular processes mainly through proteasome-dependent degradation, although it has become increasingly clear that it is also involved in other processes. In the fungus Mucor circinelloides, blue light regulates carotene biosynthesis, with this response co...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06470.x
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nucleotide sequence of a 2711bp DNA segment which contains the N-terminal coding sequence and the 5' flanking region of a crystal protein gene (bta) from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai 7.29 has been determined. The coding region encodes an 824 amino-acid polypeptide corresponding to a carboxy-terminally tru...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb01812.x
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neisseria meningitidis controls the expression of several genes involved in host adaptation by a process known as phase variation. The phase variation frequency of haemoglobin (Hb) receptors among clinical isolates of serogroups A, B and C differed drastically, ranging from approximately 10(-6) to 10(-2) cfu-1. Freque...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02408.x
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gram-negative bacteria possess several envelope stress responses that detect and respond to damage to this critical cellular compartment. The σ(E) envelope stress response senses the misfolding of outer membrane proteins (OMPs), while the Cpx two-component system is believed to detect the misfolding of periplasmic and...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12581
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wild strains of Bacillus subtilis are capable of forming architecturally complex communities of cells known as biofilms. Critical to biofilm formation is the eps operon, which is believed to be responsible for the biosynthesis of an exopolysaccharide that binds chains of cells together in bundles. We report that trans...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04440.x
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endoribonuclease RNase E plays an important role in RNA processing and degradation in Escherichia coli. The construction of an E. coli strain in which the cellular concentration of RNase E can be precisely controlled has made it possible to examine and quantify the effect of RNase E scarcity on RNA decay, gene reg...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02808.x
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen. In immunocompromised individuals, it can cause bloodstream infections with high mortality rates. The ability to switch between yeast and hyphal morphologies is a critical virulence factor of C. albicans. In response to diverse environmental cues, several signaling ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.14097
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Salmonella Typhimurium causes bacterial enterocolitis. The type III secretion system (TTSS)-1 is a key virulence determinant of S. Typhimurium mediating host cell invasion and acute enterocolitis. The TTSS-1 effector protein SipA is transported into host cells, accumulates in characteristic foci at the bacteria-host c...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05823.x
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In matings between Lactococcus lactis strains, the conjugative transposons Tn916 and Tn919 are found in the chromosome of the transconjugants in the same place as in the chromosome of the donor, indicating that no transposition has occurred. In agreement with this, the frequency of L. lactis transconjugants from intra...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01858.x
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A major obstacle to tuberculosis (TB) control is the problem of chronic TB infection (CTBI). Here we report that 5'-adenosinephosphosulphate reductase (CysH), an enzyme essential for the production of reduced-sulphur-containing metabolites, is critical for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) survival in chronic infection...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05075.x
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine (MTA/SAH) nucleosidase in bacteria has started to be appreciated only in the past decade. A comprehensive analysis of its various roles here demonstrates that it is an integral component of the activated methyl cycle, which recycles adenine and methionine th...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07455.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expression of the 987P gene cluster is activated by the adjacent IS1 element of an STpa transposon. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 987P-DNA region contiguous with this IS1 element revealed the presence of an open reading frame designated fapR, encoding a basic protein of 260 amino acid residues with a molecular m...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00556.x
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ToxR of Vibrio cholerae directly activates the ompU promoter, but requires a second activator, TcpP to activate the toxT promoter. ompU encodes a porin, while toxT encodes the transcription factor, ToxT, which activates V. cholerae virulence genes including cholera toxin and the toxin co-regulated pilus. Using an ompU...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07681.x
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The MtrCDE multidrug pump, from Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is assembled from the inner and outer membrane proteins MtrD and MtrE, which are connected by the periplasmic membrane fusion protein MtrC. Although it is clear that MtrD delivers drugs to the channel of MtrE, it remains unclear how drug delivery and channel openi...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12211
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
