Abstract：
:The impact of vaccination on the health of the world's people has been considerable. With the possible exception of clean water, no other development has had such a major effect on mortality reduction and population growth. During the last 200 years vaccination has controlled nine major diseases and has led to the eradication of one, i.e. smallpox. However, in many instances, the exact mechanisms of successful vaccines are not fully understood. Almost all of the vaccines in use today are of three types: live attenuated microorganisms, inactivated whole microorganisms, or split or subunit preparations. These have different strengths and weaknesses with respect to safety and efficacy, but traditional vaccine development methodologies have not yet led to the generation of a vaccine with all the characteristics required of the ideal vaccine. Thus the development of improved vaccines that overcome the difficulties associated with many of the currently available vaccines is a major goal of biomedical sciences. In addition, there is an urgent need for new vaccines against the many infectious agents that still cause considerable morbidity and, in some cases, mortality. As has been the case in many areas of biology, the application of recombinant DNA approaches to vaccinology has opened up whole new areas of possibilities. The details of these and other technologies and their application to vaccine development are described in this review.
journal_name
Wien Klin Wochenschrjournal_title
Wiener klinische Wochenschriftauthors
Dorner F,Eibl J,Barrett PNsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-03-12 00:00:00pages
199-206issue
5eissn
0043-5325issn
1613-7671journal_volume
111pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The reactions in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) between family members from 35 healthy families and 80 families of potential bone marrow recipients are shown. From the low MLC reactions seen in 128 pairs of HLA identical siblings, the limit of "Negative Reaction in Mixed Lymphocyte Culture" valid for our own laborator...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-01-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Skeletal muscle atrophy is associated with situations of acute and chronical illness, such as sepsis, surgery, trauma and immobility. Additionally, it is a common problem during the physiological process of aging. The myofibrillar proteins myosin and actin, which are essential for muscle contraction, are the major tar...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00508-007-0817-0
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In the second half of the 20th century the medical profession has changed considerably. "The golden age of medicine" seems to be over. This study analyses job satisfaction and prospects of Austrian physicians in the twenty-first century. METHODS:A questionnaire was sent to all 289 internal medicine speciali...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00508-007-0843-y
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lipid-reducing effects of bezafibrate and clofibrate were investigated in a double-blind crossover trial. 3 x 200 mg/d bezafibrate and 3 x 500 mg/d clofibrate were administered for periods of 8 weeks each to 22 patients with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia (9 Type IIb, 13 Type IV). Placebo periods preceded and follo...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both IMP and HMPAO are lipophilic substances with high blood brain barrier permeability and sufficiently long constant retention in the brain parenchyma to enable SPECT to be carried out with a computer controlled Gamma camera. Both tracers are almost completely cleared from the blood during a single passage through t...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of Albert Wiedmann (1901 to 1970) towards the development of the Viennese Dermatological School are evaluated. The following main points of interest can be focused out of a large number of scientific papers; investigations in the field of venerology, innervation and nutrition of the skin (concept of t...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-12-25 00:00:00
abstract：:A breast mass caused by foreign body type granulomatous reaction to surgical material is a very rare lesion and may mimic carcinoma. Reported foreign materials have included suture materials, silicone, paraffin, gunpowder and carbon particles used for localization of a nonpalpable breast lesions. To our knowledge, a f...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00508-007-0835-y
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peripheral M-mode contrast echocardiograms at rest and during the Valsalva manoeuvre were performed in 9 patients with haemodynamically insignificant interatrial communications. Contrast echoes appeared in the left heart in all 4 patients with elevated right ventricular pressure, but also in 3 out of the 5 patients wi...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-04-11 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Clinical implications of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) are still matter of intense debate, resulting in the controversial discussion whether subclinical hypothyroidism should be treated. We performed a cohort study to evaluate the impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on vascular and overall mortality. ME...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00508-015-0846-z
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. In patients with primary pulmonary hypertension, the homozygous ACE DD genotype is more prevalent than the non-DD genotype. However, the relationsh...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00508-005-0333-z
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:12 patients with chronic bronchitis were treated with two different doses (0.02 and 0.08 mg) of Sch 1000 (Atrovent) administered by metered dose inhalation and the results compared with those following administration of a placebo in a cross-over double-blind study. The airway resistance and thoracic gas volume fell si...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Following cochlear implantation, postoperative imaging of the electrode is very important in order to measure the depth of insertion and the position of the electrode, so that kinking and incorrect electrode placement can be clearly identified. The aim of this study was to outline the diagnostic value of CT and conven...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-06-02 00:00:00
abstract：:The investigation of chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer has been hampered by the fact that most patients present with severe general illness and thus tolerate this form of treatment poorly. Furthermore, because of the relative inaccessibility of the pancreas it has been difficult to monitor objective response rates. I...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various chronic pulmonary diseases can cause hypoxia mediated erythrocytosis. We report on a 46 year old male patient presenting with erythrocytosis, in whom a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula on the basis of a vascular malformation was identified as a rare cause of hypoxic erythrocytosis. Thus, congenital pulmonary va...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The developments in urology over the past 10 years both in regard to diagnosis and therapy are reviewed. The value of diagnostic procedures such as intravenous urography, angiography, isotope rhenogram and scintigram in tumours of the kidney and the significance of lymphangiography in the decision concerning the opera...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-02-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The established elevated risk of lung cancer in smokers led to the hypothesis that environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) also causes malignancies. The solution of this question is complicated by low exposure levels and dose-response dependence, as well as threshold levels. The differences between the toxins in the main- a...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the elderly population of industrial countries. The present article provides recommendations for the screening, prevention and treatment of elderly diabetic patients according to current scientific evidence. ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00508-016-0955-3
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Because of the difficulty associated with making an accurate diagnosis of gastric heterotopic pancreas (HP) before surgery, surgical resection is usually performed in suspected cases. However, this is an invasive procedure and prone to certain surgical complications. AIMS:This study was designed to evaluate...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00508-014-0563-z
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sucralfate enhances the anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of antimicrobials and has an inhibitory effect on H. pylori. AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of one-week sucralfate-based eradication therapy for H. pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcers, compared with treatment based on pantopraz...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2001-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:In an autopsy series on 25 newborn infants who died in the perinatal period (19 with and 6 without respiratory distress syndrome [RDS]) the total phospho-lipid, lecithin, and sphingomyelin content was determined in lung homogenates as parameters of the surfactant content. Histologically, the newborn infants with RDS w...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-09-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Four renal transplant recipients, treated with the immunosuppressive combination of azathioprine-prednisolone, developed organ or systemic mycoses caused by Candida albicans and, in one case, additionally by Trichophyton rubrum. Ketoconazole, a new wide-spectrum antimycotic drug, was successfully used in the treatment...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Infections occurring during the early postoperative phase after liver transplantation result in a significant rise in morbidity and mortality. The records of 279 orthoptic transplantations performed in 248 patients were analyzed retrospectively. 55.6% of all patients suffered from one or more episodes of bacterial and...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-12-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical differentiation between acute myocardial infarction and peptic ulcer perforation may sometimes be difficult. We report on a sixty-five year-old patient who presented at the Emergency Department with upper abdominal pain and local tenderness suggestive of acute perforation of a gastric ulcer. However, the init...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cold-insoluble globulin (CIG) of plasma represents the soluble form of a fibroblast surface protein. As shown by affinity chromatography it is selectively adsorbed from plasma on immobilized collagen of various types. The following sequence of binding strength between CIG and collagen was evaluated by means of fractio...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention are usually differentiated. All preventive measures have to prevail against criteria of effectiveness and efficiency. In the case of primary prevention, the search for risk factors is particularly important. The present limits of prevention of back pain are discussed in some ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:On the occasion of the centenary of Prof. Dr. W. Denk's birth, a short survey is given of the advances in the surgical management of fractures in the region of the hip joint in the post-Denk era. It was Denk who encouraged his colleagues to undertake the first nailing of a collum femoris fracture according to Smith-Pe...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-04-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Side effects of vaccinations can have different causes. Substances admixed to vaccines may produce allergic or toxic reactions. The significance and importance of causal associations is discussed in this paper. A table is added listing the most important substances in vaccines, such as inactivating substances, preserv...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00508-005-0405-0
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since its invention in 1986, the atomic force microscope (AFM) has become one of the most widely used near-field microscopes. Surfaces of hard samples are imaged almost routinely with atomic resolution. Soft biological surfaces, however, are still challenging. In this brief review, the AFM technique is introduced to t...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-06-27 00:00:00
abstract：:This mini-review conveys information on lung function in hypoxia. Included are presentations of shape and layering of the atmosphere, physiologic basics of lung function at high altitude, pathophysiology of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and of current and potential therapy approaches for HAPE. ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00508-010-1501-3
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because pulmonary embolism (PE) and its treatment carry substantial risk of morbidity and mortality, accurate diagnosis is essential. We report two cases with allergic reactions, in which PE was suggested by routine ECG and D-dimer elevation and strengthened by spiral CT. Therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin was ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03040891
更新日期：2003-10-31 00:00:00
