Abstract:
:The potential danger of natural mercury accumulation in the diet of the Eskimo is evaluated through mercury levels determined in cord blood, placenta, maternal blood, hair, and milk of 38 maternal-infant pairs from Anchorage and the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. Although mercury levels are not discernably dangerous, trends to larger accumulations in maternal and fetal RBC and placental tissue with proximity to the sea and consumption of seals during pregnancy provide the basis for considering possible indicators of neonatal involvement. Mercury level in RBC from cord blood appeared as the best potential indicator of this involvement, although relationships with the mother's diet and level of mercury in the placenta also appear useful. In this area, average and maximal mercury levels in cord blood are 39 and 78 ng/ml, respectively, far below the acknowledged toxic level in infants of these mothers who eat seals or fish every day during their pregnancy.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Galster WAdoi
10.1289/ehp.7615135subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-06-01 00:00:00pages
135-40eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure to air pollution has been associated with higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, suggesting an inflammatory response. Not much is known about this association in pregnancy. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the associations of air pollution exposure during pregnancy with maternal and fetal CRP levels in ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1104345
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Benchmark dose (BMD) modeling is an important step in human health risk assessment and is used as the default approach to identify the point of departure for risk assessment. A probabilistic framework for dose-response assessment has been proposed and advocated by various institutions and organizations; ther...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP1289
更新日期:2018-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A critical question regarding the association between short-term exposure to ozone and mortality is the extent to which this relationship is confounded by ambient exposure to particles. OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether particulate matter < 10 and < 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10) and PM(2.5)) i...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.10108
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were given 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 mg of a commercial polybrominated biphenyl, FireMaster BP-6 (PBB), in olive oil by gavage each day from days 7 through 15 of pregnancy. Laboratory chow and water were given ad libitum. Treatment with PBB had no significant effect on body weight gain, f...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7823295
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ambient levels of pesticides ("pesticide drift") are detectable at residences near agricultural field sites. OBJECTIVE:Our goal was to evaluate the hypothesis that maternal residence near agricultural pesticide applications during key periods of gestation could be associated with the development of autism s...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.10168
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extracellular lining of the lungs is reviewed. The pulmonary extracellular lining is a complex mixture of phospholipids, proteins and carbohydrates which is absolutely essential for the maintenance of normal pulmonary functions such as gas exchange. Without the lining the lungs would collapse. Alterations in the p...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8455227
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article summarizes the basic facts about the measurement of ionizing radiation, usually referred to as radiation dosimetry. The article defines the common radiation quantities and units; gives typical levels of natural radiation and medical exposures; and describes the most important biological effects of radiati...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.919145
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Southwest metropolitan Mexico City (SWMMC) inhabitants have been exposed several hours per day for the last 6 years to photochemical smog, ozone being the most important oxidant pollutant. Subjects exposed to the SWMMC atmosphere develop several histopathological changes in their nasal mucosa: dysplasia is the most si...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1289/ehp.101-1519752
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroids are important insecticides used in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and in the home. In humans, they are rapidly metabolized and renally eliminated. In numerous studies, pyrethroid metabolites have been detected in urine after occupational exposure to insecticides. In this study, we used a new, reliabl...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109213
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous publications and reports have expressed health and safety concerns about the production and use of nanoparticles, especially in areas of exposure monitoring, personal use, and environmental fate and transport. We suggest that stable isotopic tracers, which have been used widely in the earth sciences and in me...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9277
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cooking, heat processing, or pyrolysis of protein-rich foods induce the formation of a series of structurally related heterocyclic aromatic bases that have been found to be mutagens. The primary genetic assay utilized to detect and isolate these mutagens has been the his reversion assay in Salmonella typhimurium. The ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.866793
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have linked air pollution to tens of thousands of premature cardiovascular deaths per year. The mechanisms of such associations remain unclear. In this study we examine the association between blood markers of cardiovascular risk and air pollution in a national sample of the U.S. population. Air polluti...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109s3405
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Once a sign of modernization and growth, dams are often seen today as symbols of environmental and social devastation. Over 800,000 dams have been built worldwide to provide drinking water, flood control, hydropower, irrigation, navigation, and water storage. Dams do indeed provide these things,but at the cost of seve...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.971051050
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A growing body of evidence indicates a relationship between household indoor air pollution from cooking fires and adverse neonatal outcomes, such as low birth weight (LBW), in resource-poor countries. OBJECTIVE:We examined the effect of reduced wood smoke exposure in pregnancy on LBW of Guatemalan infants i...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1289/ehp.1002928
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A brief review of the literature indicates that nutritional deficiencies have been shown to increase the absorption and toxicity of orally ingested lead and cadmium. Results from recent studies indicates that low level oral ingestion of cadmium and lead perturbs the metabolism of zinc, copper, and iron and that these ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7825141
更新日期:1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inspection of the available literature reveals that a detailed investigation of the aqueous organic chemistry of chlorine dioxide and systematic identification of products formed during water disinfection has not been considered. This must be done before an informed assessment can be made of the relative safety of usi...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8246101
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we examined the impact of weather variability and tides on the transmission of Barmah Forest virus (BFV) disease and developed a weather-based forecasting model for BFV disease in the Gladstone region, Australia. We used seasonal autoregressive integrated moving-average (SARIMA) models to determine the c...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8568
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Climate influences dengue ecology by affecting vector dynamics, agent development, and mosquito/human interactions. Although these relationships are known, the impact climate change will have on transmission is unclear. Climate-driven statistical and process-based models are being used to refine our knowledg...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.1306556
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mass poisonings, called yusho and yu-cheng, occurred in western Japan in 1968 and central Taiwan in 1979, respectively. These occurrences were separately caused by ingestion of rice oils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated quaterphenyls. The tot...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8560321
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization (WHO) released the fourth edition of Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality in July 2011. In this edition, the 400-µg/L drinking-water guideline for manganese (Mn) was discontinued with the assertion that because "this health-based value is well above concentrations of manganese ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1104693
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The risk assessment process is described with a focus on the hazard identification and dose-response components. Many of the scientific questions and uncertainties associated with these components are discussed, and the role for biomarkers and specimen banking in supporting these activities are assessed. Under hazard ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.95103s39
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl eugenol is a naturally occurring material found in a variety of food sources, including spices, oils, and nutritionally important foods such as bananas and oranges. Given its natural occurrence, a broad cross-section of the population is likely exposed. The availability of biomonitoring and toxicology data offe...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.9057
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the estrogenicity of binary mixtures of the hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OHPCBs) 2,4,6-trichloro-4'-biphenylol (2,4,6-TCB-4'-OH) and 2,3,4,5-tetrachloro-4'-biphenylol and the pesticides endosulfan and dieldrin. The OHPCBs and pesticides were tested in both the MCF-7 focus assay and a competitive...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106s41041
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the developing brain, serotonin (5HT) systems are among the most sensitive to disruption by organophosphates. OBJECTIVES:We exposed neonatal rats to daily doses of diazinon or parathion on postnatal days (PND)1-4 and evaluated 5HT receptors and the 5HT transporter in brainstem and forebrain on PND5, focu...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9337
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl parathion (MP), an organophosphate pesticide licensed only for agricultural uses, was sprayed illegally for pest control in Mississippi and Ohio residences. To evaluate the association between MP exposure and neurobehavioral development, we assessed children 6 years or younger at the time of the spraying and lo...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.6430
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to environmental pollutants may contribute to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). We determined the ZIP codes containing or abutting each of the approximately 900 hazardous waste sites in New York and identified the major contaminants in each. Three categories of ZIP codes were then distinguished...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7595
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extreme heat events (EHEs) are increasing in frequency in large U.S. cities and are responsible for a greater annual number of climate-related fatalities, on average, than any other form of extreme weather. In addition, low-density, sprawling patterns of urban development have been associated with enhanced s...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.0901879
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The National Environmental Policy Act and related state laws require many public agencies to analyze and disclose potentially significant environmental effects of agency actions, including effects on human health. In this paper we review the purpose and procedures of environmental impact assessment (EIA), ex...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.11132
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although previous studies have reported negative associations between exposure to air pollution and cognition, studies of the effects of prenatal and postnatal exposures in early childhood have been limited. OBJECTIVES:We sought to assess the role exposure to fine particulate matter ([Formula: see text]) du...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP3169
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies indicate that the design of streets and sidewalks can influence physical activity among residents. Park features also influence park use and park-based physical activity. Although individuals can walk on streets and sidewalks, walking loops in parks offer a setting to walk in nature and to a...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP293
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00