Abstract:
:Time-kill studies examined the activities of telithromycin (HMR 3647), erythromycin A, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, clindamycin, pristinamycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and metronidazole against 11 gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Time-kill studies were carried out with the addition of Oxyrase in order to prevent the introduction of CO(2). Macrolide-azalide-ketolide MICs were 0.004 to 32.0 microg/ml. Of the latter group, telithromycin had the lowest MICs, especially against non-Bacteroides fragilis group strains, followed by azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin A, and roxithromycin. Clindamycin was active (MIC = 2.0 microg/ml) against all anaerobes except Peptostreptococcus magnus and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, while pristinamycin MICs were 0.06 to 4.0 microg/ml. Amoxicillin-clavulanate had MICs of =1.0 microg/ml, while metronidazole was active (MICs, 0.03 to 2.0 microg/ml) against all except Propionibacterium acnes. After 48 h at twice the MIC, telithromycin was bactericidal (>/=99.9% killing) against 6 strains, with 99% killing of 9 strains and 90% killing of 10 strains. After 24 h at twice the MIC, 90, 99, and 99.9% killing of nine, six, and three strains, respectively, occurred. Lower rates of killing were seen at earlier times. Similar kill kinetics relative to the MIC were seen with other macrolides. After 48 h at the MIC, clindamycin was bactericidal against 8 strains, with 99 and 90% killing of 9 and 10 strains, respectively. After 24 h, 90% killing of 10 strains occurred at the MIC. The kinetics of clindamycin were similar to those of pristinamycin. After 48 h at the MIC, amoxicillin-clavulanate showed 99.9% killing of seven strains, with 99% killing of eight strains and 90% killing of nine strains. At four times the MIC, metronidazole was bactericidal against 8 of 10 strains tested after 48 h and against all 10 strains after 24 h; after 12 h, 99% killing of all 10 strains occurred.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Credito KL,Ednie LM,Jacobs MR,Appelbaum PCdoi
10.1128/AAC.43.8.2027subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-08-01 00:00:00pages
2027-31issue
8eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The vesicular stomatitis virus cytopathic effect reduction assay is suitable to quantify polyethylene glycol-alpha interferon 2a (PEG-IFN-alpha 2a) and PEG-IFN-alpha 2b. Human serum and ribavirin did not interfere with the assay. This bioassay was successfully used for assaying PEG-IFN-alpha 2a and PEG-IFN-alpha 2b in...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.9.3610-3612.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Letermovir, GW275175X (a benzimidazole), and tomeglovir (Bay38-4766) are chemically unrelated human cytomegalovirus (CMV) terminase complex inhibitors that have been tested in human subjects. UL56 gene mutations are the dominant pathway of letermovir resistance, while UL89 and UL56 mutations are known to confer benzim...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01325-17
更新日期:2017-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::The accumulation of quinolones by Escherichia coli JF568, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 was measured by a modified fluorometric assay (J. S. Chapman and N. H. Georgopapadakou, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 33:27-29, 1989). The quinolones examined were fleroxacin, pefloxacin, norflox...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.8.1601
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using an isogenic system, we have determined the impact that the four promoters known to control bla(TEM) gene expression have on beta-lactamase activity. For both TEM-1 and TEM-30, this activity gradually increased in relation to the presence of promoters P3, Pa/Pb, and P4 upstream of the corresponding gene. Promoter...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.12.4035-4037.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to characterize a novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase that belongs to the TEM family, the TEM-149 enzyme, and that was isolated from the urine of two hospitalized patients from different hospitals in southern Italy. The peculiarity of this enzyme was the finding of a valine residue at posi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01028-07
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::As increasing numbers of colistin-resistant bacteria emerge, new therapies are urgently needed to treat infections caused by these pathogens. The discovery of new combination therapies is one important way to solve such problems. Here, we report that the antitumor drug PFK-158 and its analogs PFK-015 and 3PO can exert...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00271-19
更新日期:2019-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Cytomegalovirus can cause debilitating and life-threatening disease in newborns infected in utero and immunocompromised individuals, including transplant recipients. RG7667 is a unique combination of two monoclonal antibodies that binds glycoprotein complexes on the surface of cytomegalovirus and inhibits its entry in...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.00523-15
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in plasmid DNA supercoiling were measured following treatment of Escherichia coli cells, carrying topoisomerase mutations, with the quinolone ciprofloxacin. In quinolone-susceptible cells (top+ gyr+) as well as in topA mutants and in gyrB mutants, plasmid DNA was relaxed after the addition of ciprofloxacin. In...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.1.20
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The drug Ro5-3335 [7-chloro-5-(2-pyrryl)-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2(H)-one] inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gene expression at the transcriptional level through interference with Tat-mediated transactivation (M.-C. Hsu, A. D. Schutt, M. Holly, L. W. Slice, M. I. Sherman, D. D. Richman, M. J. Potash, a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.12.2628
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surfing motility is a novel form of surface adaptation exhibited by the nosocomial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence of the glycoprotein mucin, which is found in high abundance at mucosal surfaces, especially those of the lungs of cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis patients. Here, we investigated the ada...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00848-18
更新日期:2018-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::GS-9160 is a novel and potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) that specifically targets the process of strand transfer. It is an authentic inhibitor of HIV-1 integration, since treatment of infected cells results in an elevation of two-long terminal repeat circles and a decrease...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00984-08
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighteen patients developed abnormally low serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase values during metronidazole therapy. Metronidazole absorbs at 340 nm, simulating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which is the final colorimetric product of the serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase assay. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.14.4.636
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the first IMP metallo-beta-lactamase in Aeromonas caviae: IMP-19, which differed from IMP-2 by a single amino acid change (Arg to Ala at position 38). bla(IMP-19) was found within a class 1 integron located on a 35-kb plasmid. This is also the first description of an IMP producer in France. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01462-06
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ciprofloxacin is active in vitro against most bacteria that cause peritonitis associated with peritoneal dialysis. We compared the effects of pH (5.5 and 7.4) and medium (dialysis fluid) on the bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, vancomycin plus rifampin, and rifampin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Es...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.31.4.657
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Additional drugs are needed for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Sulfamethoxazole has been shown to have in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis; however, there is concern about resistance given the widespread use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis among HIV-infected patie...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01101-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of a mission hospital on the evolution of antibiotic resistance in coliform bacteria from a remote antibiotic-free Xhosa community and environment is described. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.10.3.567
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mepRAB gene cluster of Staphylococcus aureus encodes a MarR family repressor (MepR; known to repress mepA expression), a MATE family multidrug efflux pump (MepA), and a protein of unknown function (MepB). In this report, we show that MepR also is autoregulatory, repressing the expression of its own gene. Exposure ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.50.4.1276-1281.2006
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::By means of a stepwise selection procedure, mutants capable of growing in the presence of relatively high multiplicities of a bacteriocin from Streptococcus mutans GS-5 were obtained from a sensitivie strain of Streptococcus pyogenes. Mutacin-neutralizing activity of cell extracts containing receptor protein was exami...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.17.2.151
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperbaric oxygen exposures were evaluated for treatment of progressive liver abscesses produced by intraperitoneal injection of combined cultures of Fusobacterium necrophorum plus either Bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis or Fusobacterium nucleatum in a mouse model. Infected control and hyperbaric oxygen-exposed mi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.9.2.312
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antifolate activity and the transport characteristics of isoaminopterin (IA) in HeLa cells were studied and compared with those of methotrexate (MTX). Both IA and MTX inhibited the incorporation of [2-(14)C]deoxyuridine into HeLa cell DNA by 50% at a concentration of 0.09 muM by 8 h postaddition of the compounds. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.15.5.730
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus infections is extremely challenging due to its intrinsic resistance to most antibiotics, and research of pathogenesis is limited due to a lack of a practical in vivo model of infection. The objective of this study was to establish a simple in vivo model for M. abscessus infection, ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02539-17
更新日期:2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Tedizolid and linezolid in vitro activities against 3,032 Gram-positive pathogens collected in Asia-Pacific, Eastern European, and Latin American medical centers during 2014 were assessed. The isolates were tested for susceptibility by the current reference broth microdilution methods. Due to concern over the effect o...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00881-16
更新日期:2016-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::A Cedecea davisae isolate, which was intermediate or resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems, was recovered from a urine sample. Susceptibility testing, isoelectric focusing, and analysis of outer membrane proteins showed that AmpC β-lactamase expression combined with porin deficiency accounted fo...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.03237-14
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our mutagenesis study has investigated all amino acid mutations in the penicillin-binding domain of PBP 1A from Hungarian pneumococcal isolate 3191 to determine the importance of every mutation in the development of penicillin and cefotaxime resistance. Our data reveal that mutations at amino acid positions 574 to 577...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.47.1.387-389.2003
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriolytic antibiotics cause the release of bacterial components that augment the host inflammatory response, which in turn contributes to the pathophysiology of brain injury in bacterial meningitis. In the present study, antibiotic therapy with nonbacteriolytic daptomycin was compared with that of bacteriolytic ce...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01014-06
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphotericin B and N-D-ornithyl amphotericin B methyl ester were compared for therapeutic efficacies against experimentally induced cryptococcal meningitis and Candida albicans endocarditis with pyelonephritis in rabbits. Antifungal activity of the two polyenes in vitro was similar for the yeasts used in these experim...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.28.6.751
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the interference of roxithromycin with NADPH oxidase, the key enzymatic system for oxidant production by human neutrophils. Roxithromycin alters the reconstitution of an active enzyme and impairs the translocation to the outer membrane of the cytosolic components p47-phox and p67-phox. Interestingly, i...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.7.2986-2989.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcal biofilms on surgical implants are the underlying cause of a lack of response to antimicrobial treatment. We investigated the effects of vancomycin (VAN), daptomycin (DAP), fosfomycin (FOS), tigecycline (TGC), and ceftriaxone (CRX), alone and in combination with azithromycin (AZI), on established biofilm...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01628-08
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Halothane (2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) inhibited herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication, although HSV-1 DNA was synthesized at normal levels in Vero cells. Viral capsids and extracellular virions were inhibited, and HSV-1 protein synthesis decreased by 50%, although no specific HSV-1 protein faile...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.29.5.941
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Penicillin-binding protein 5 (PBP5) is one of the most abundant PBPs in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Although its main function is that of a cell wall dd-carboxypeptidase, it possesses sufficient β-lactamase activity to contribute to the ability of P. aeruginosa to resist the antibiotic activity of the β-lactams. The study...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00505-13
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00