Abstract:
AIM:Some studies have indicated that over-reliance on inhaled bronchodilator (beta 2-agonist) therapy may worsen asthma control and increase morbidity. The aim of this study was to measure urinary concentrations of salbutamol, the most commonly used bronchodilator, in a relatively large sample of asthmatic patients and examine the potential value of the concentration as an indicator of over-use of salbutamol. METHOD:The urinary concentrations of the drug were measured in 'spot' urine samples from 102 asthmatic patients (64 community patients and 38 hospital inpatients). A solid-phase extraction technique, using a phenyl-bonded phase and a reversed-phase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography assay with UV-detection were developed and used to measure both unchanged salbutamol concentrations and total salbutamol concentrations after enzymatic hydrolysis of the metabolite. In addition, salbutamol concentrations were corrected for urine dilution, with the measured drug expressed per gram of urinary creatinine. RESULTS:The hospital patients were generally older, had greater disease severity, were more likely to be receiving prophylactic therapy and had received more salbutamol in the past 24 h. The urinary concentrations of salbutamol varied enormously between patients. The median concentrations of unchanged and total drug were 0.38 microgram/ml (range 0-34.4 micrograms/ml) and 2.55 micrograms/ml (range 0-49.8 micrograms/ml), respectively. Even when controlling for dosage in the preceding 24 h, there was a 262-fold and 810-fold variation in the urinary concentrations for unchanged and total salbutamol, respectively, among the community patients. Modest correlations were found between salbutamol concentrations and dosage administered in the preceding 24 h (Spearman's r = 0.67 and 0.54 for unchanged and total drug, respectively; P < 0.001). The correlations improved only slightly with correction for urine dilution (Spearman's r = 0.69 and 0.57 for unchanged and total drug, respectively; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION:This enormous inter-patient variability, which may be largely due to differences in the pharmacokinetics of salbutamol and inhaler technique, may play a role in the observed worsening of asthma control with the regular use of inhaled bronchodilator drugs and warrants further investigation. Measuring urinary concentrations of salbutamol in spot samples provides only a relatively crude indication of the extent of use of inhaled salbutamol in the preceding 24 h.
journal_name
J Clin Pharm Therjournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeuticsauthors
Jacobson GA,Peterson GM,McLean Sdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2710.1997.tb00005.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-04-01 00:00:00pages
119-26issue
2eissn
0269-4727issn
1365-2710journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Antibiotic resistance has become a global public health issue. Most antibiotics are prescribed in the community, although there is less stewardship of such agents in the community compared to secondary and tertiary care. Few studies have attempted to examine the prescribing practices in Gene...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12245
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:ABT-594 is a non-opioid, non-NSAID analgesic. The objective of this work was to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of ABT-594 in subjects with neuropathic pain. METHODS:Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of ABT-594 in subjects with painful diabetic polyneuropathy were evaluated...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2011.01325.x
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:The complexity and diversity of irritable bowel syndrome's (IBS) presentation make treatment difficult. Although there are reviews and guidelines for treating IBS, they focus on the efficacy of medications for IBS symptoms using high-priority endpoints, leaving those of lower priority largel...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2010.01177.x
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Limited data are available on co-administration of acenocoumarol with direct-acting antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. CASE SUMMARY:We report a case of a patient who required a significant increase in acenocoumarol weekly dose probably due to an interaction with ombit...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12403
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:One-third of patients with epilepsy are resistant to anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). Drug-resistant epilepsy is believed to be multifactorial involving both genetic and non-genetic factors. Genetic variations in the ABCB1 gene encoding the drug efflux transporter, p-glycoprotein (p-gp), may inf...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12263
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Serum sialic acid is a recently investigated potential risk-marker for cardiovascular complications. There is a known association between sialic acid and cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus. We aimed to investigate the effect of antidiabetic drugs on the serum concentration of ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01145.x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Clinically validated pharmacogenomic information useful for patient selection and/or dose adjustment is included in drug labels. However, the label information may differ among countries. This commentary summarizes the pharmacogenomic information on drug labels in different countries. COMME...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12691
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is characterized by dismal prognosis and resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. The immune checkpoint inhibitors showed promising efficacy in the treatment of PSC. Camrelizumab is a programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor; however, current evidence...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13234
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated chemical and pharmaceutical equivalence of 11 brands of pyrimethamine-sulphadoxine combination tablets sold on the Tanzanian market. Physical and chemical tests were performed for all the 11 brands. These tests included hardness test, friability, disintegration, dissolution, weight uniformity a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2005.00687.x
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to explore the clinical characteristics of tigecycline-induced acute pancreatitis. METHODS:We searched the PubMed/Medline, Web of Knowledge, OVID, Elsevier, Springer Link, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, an...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13212
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The use of extemporaneously prepared admixtures of drugs must be supported by documentation of their chemical stability. OBJECTIVE:To assess the physical compatibility and the chemical stability of nefopam hydrochloride, a centrally acting non-opioid analgesic, when admixed with selected proton pump inhibit...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00971.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of drugs have been reported to cause neuromuscular blockade and/or to increase weakness in myasthenia gravis. We report on two patients, treated with felodipine and nifedipine for arterial hypertension, who presented with an exacerbation of their myasthenia gravis and a myasthenic syndrome or exacerbation of ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.1998.00172.x
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Personal imports of unapproved drugs are made by physicians and patients in Japan. Such imports require submission of a request for an import certificate from the Regional Bureau of Health and Welfare (RBHW). So far, there have been few reports on personal imports of drugs in Japan. OBJECTIVE:To assess the ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00941.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:The development of rapid diagnostics has revolutionized antimicrobial stewardship with efforts targeting earlier de-escalation or discontinuation of antibiotics. The respiratory viral panel (RVP) is one tool quickly able to detect common viral and bacterial pathogens using polymerase chain r...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13326
更新日期:2020-12-05 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Scabies is recognized as a neglected tropical disease responsible for a substantial health and economic burden, especially in resource-poor communities around the world. COMMENT:There are relatively few current treatment options for scabies, and they possess important limitations. The treat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12631
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevailing major theory of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is that insoluble amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) found in the cerebral plaques characteristic of the disease is causative or is at least a contributing factor. According to this theory, inhibition of aberrant Abeta production should prevent or at least limit the ex...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2002.00415.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Amlodipine overdose is common; however, the dose and timing of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) therapy as a management strategy remain debatable. CASE DESCRIPTION:A 73-year-old man received a single bolus (1.5 mL/kg) of ILE therapy following massive ingestion of multiple drugs, including a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13018
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVES:Subjects of different ethnic groups may respond differently to drugs. The present study was conducted to compare the oral pharmacokinetics of midazolam among healthy volunteers from five different ethnic groups in China: Han, Mongolian, Uygur, Hui and Korean. METHODS:Healthy volunteers (10...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2010.01178.x
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lactic acidosis is a rare, yet life-threatening adverse drug effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), specifically stavudine and lamivudine. These nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are commonly used to treat patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HI...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00977.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:The most common complication of heparin therapy is bleeding. Allergic reactions to heparin are rare, and the mechanisms are poorly understood. We report on a case of acute systemic reaction after subcutaneous injections of a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in a patient with a genetic pre...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2012.01360.x
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To report three cases of alopecia induced by the anticoagulant enoxaparin in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) patients. CASE SUMMARY:Three female patients were treated initially with direct intrasinus urokinase, and then followed by low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin at 1 mg/kg given subcutaneous...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2006.00769.x
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Linezolid, a member of the oxazolidinone class of antibacterial drugs, is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infections, nosocomial and community-acquired pneumonia, as a part of anti tubercular regimen and com...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13069
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:There is a growing interest in investigating the role of glutamate receptors in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Indeed, the hyperdopaminergic theory of schizophrenia can explain only the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, whereas the glutamate hypothesis may provide a more comprehensive view of the ill...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.1999.00238.x
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Therapeutic drug monitoring of clozapine as an aid in the treatment of schizophrenic states is commonly used in our hospital. OBJECTIVE:Development of a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of clozapine (CLZ) and its major metabolite desmethylclozapine (DMCLZ) in plasma and s...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.1998.00132.x
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Although the risk of major bleeding with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) is low, life-threatening bleeding can occur. CASE SUMMARY:We report a case of an 81-year-old female with deep vein thrombosis who developed bilateral spontaneous haemothorax and haemopericardium afte...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13116
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-blocking agents are increasingly used in the management of refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although effective, they are associated with rare but potentially fatal adverse effects, including interstitial lung disease (ILD). In patients with pre-existing ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2010.01234.x
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Psoriatic arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the skin and joints. Anti-TNF drugs reduce the severity of the disease in the long term. This study compares the efficacy and safety of adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab and golimumab in patients with psor...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12045
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The literature indicates that the relative nephrotoxicities of the three drugs used in this investigation are gentamicin > tobramycin > or = netilmicin. Serum creatinine levels over time were used in an attempt to elucidate the situation. They varied widely in all three groups and in controls in theatre. No definite t...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1993.tb00607.x
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Otitis media occurs commonly in children, and is usually treated with an antibiotic. In this case report, amoxicillin was prescribed for a 6-year-old boy suffering from acute otitis media. As he had previously experienced a rash after the administration of a penicillin, the medication order was switched from amoxicill...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2000.00268.x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Oral mucositis is a major severe toxic side-effect of systemic chemotherapy and irradiation in patients with cancer. Various free radical scavengers have been shown to prevent chemotherapy-induced skin necrosis. The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of a bisbenzy...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00993.x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00