Abstract:
:Apoptosis of virus-infected cells occurs either as a direct response to viral infection or upon recognition of infection by the host immune response. Apoptosis reduces production of new virus from these cells, and therefore viruses have evolved inhibitory mechanisms. We previously showed that laboratory strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) protect infected cells from apoptosis induced by cytotoxic T lymphocytes or ethanol. We have now evaluated the ability of HSV-1 and HSV-2 laboratory and clinical isolates to inhibit apoptosis induced by anti-Fas antibody or UV irradiation and explored the genetic basis for this inhibition. HSV-1 isolates inhibited apoptosis induced by UV or anti-Fas antibody. In contrast, HSV-2 clinical isolates failed to inhibit apoptosis induced by either stimulus, although the HSV-2 laboratory strain 333 had a partial inhibitory effect on UV-induced apoptosis. Inhibition of apoptosis by HSV was accompanied by marked reduction of caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity. Deletion of the HSV-1 Us3 gene markedly reduced inhibition of UV-induced apoptosis and partially abrogated inhibition of Fas-mediated apoptosis. Conversely, deletion of the HSV-1 Us5 gene markedly reduced protection from Fas-mediated apoptosis and partially abrogated protection from UV. The Us11 and Us12 genes were not necessary for protection from apoptosis induced by either stimulus. The differences between HSV-1 and HSV-2 in the ability to inhibit apoptosis may be factors in the immunobiology of HSV infections.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Jerome KR,Fox R,Chen Z,Sears AE,Lee Hy,Corey Ldoi
10.1128/JVI.73.11.8950-8957.1999subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-11-01 00:00:00pages
8950-7issue
11eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Many viruses have evolved mechanisms to evade the repression of translation mediated by protein kinase R (PKR). In the case of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), the protein products of two essential genes, m142 and m143, bind to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and block phosphorylation of PKR and eukaryotic initiation factor...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.62.10.3867-3869.1988
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.5.3595-3601.1998
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doi:10.1128/JVI.35.1.8-19.1980
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.6.3025-3032.1990
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02103-14
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.8.4442-4448.1991
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.14.7369-7378.2004
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.12.6.1325-1335.1973
更新日期:1973-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.25.2.687-692.1978
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent findings suggest that most sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) occurs during the acute phase of infection when viral replication is most intense. Here, we show that vaccine-elicited cellular immune responses can significantly reduce simian immunodeficiency virus levels in the seme...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.35.1.249-251.1980
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.5.4297-4307.1998
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.35.3.644-652.1980
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01028-15
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.9.5259-5271.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) immediate-early (IE) regulatory protein infected-cell protein 0 (ICP0) is a strong and global transactivator of both viral and cellular genes. In a previous study, we reported that ICP0 is highly phosphorylated and contains at least seven distinct phosphorylation signals as dete...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.2.1232-1243.2005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01782-17
更新日期:2018-01-02 00:00:00