Abstract:
:As summarized in Table 1, the literature consistently supports the hypothesis that allergic asthmatic patients have seasonal BHR changes that parallel allergen exposure. These seasonal changes appear to be preventable by treatment with corticosteroids (systemic, inhaled, or nasal), disodium cromoglycate, and immunotherapy. Studies have almost exclusively focused on pollens, though similar limited data exist for dust mites. Though the dust mite is a perennial allergen, mite levels are well known to fluctuate with seasonal temperature and humidity trends (44-46), and therefore, seasonal BHR variation in mite-sensitive asthmatic patients is not surprising. Allergenic mold species have not been studied in this regard. In allergic rhinitis patients, the data are less consistent (see Table 2). However, the studies that failed to identify a seasonal BHR difference were either small or had other design limitations. The seasonal changes identified by the larger analyses were similar to those identified for asthmatic patients. Thus, although confirmatory studies would be helpful, it seems likely that in the absence of clinical asthma, allergic rhinitis patients with baseline BHR have allergen-related seasonal changes in BHR. The BHR effects of seasonal changes in air pollution and viral URIs are not known, since they have not yet been directly studied. However, interesting recent reports have identified possible synergistic effects of air pollution exposure on BHR and allergic responses. Similarly, the availability of new viral identification techniques has resulted in the discovery that viral infection may be more prevalent during clinical asthma exacerbation than previously realized. Therefore, air pollution and viral infections may well influence BHR seasonally, and (along with allergens) may contribute to seasonal asthma morbidity and mortality peaks. The mechanism(s) underlying seasonal BHR changes is (are) not known. One plausible possibility with regard to allergen-driven BHR changes involves a type I hypersensitivity late-phase reaction. Characterized by recruitment of eosinophils, lymphocytes, and other cells that are central components of allergic inflammation and are not normally found in the lower airways, this reversible inflammatory process could in turn act, presumably via chemical mediators, on the airway smooth muscle. This may cause bronchoconstriction, but may also increase responsiveness to bronchoconstrictive stimuli independent of bronchoconstriction. This explanation for seasonal BHR changes is supported by findings of blood eosinophil (31,47) and BAL eosinophilic cationic protein (31) level changes that parallel BHR. Prevention of seasonal BHR changes using anti-inflammatory medications (32,33,35) also supports this hypothesis (30) however, and the complex potential interactions between infectious agents and air pollutants on seasonal BHR changes have yet to be studied directly. Therefore, although BHR indeed may predictably vary season to season in allergic individuals, additional investigation is needed to better characterize the reasons for this phenomenon. Further insight in this area may help address the reasons why there are often seasonal epidemics in asthma morbidity and mortality.
journal_name
Clin Rev Allergy Immunoljournal_title
Clinical reviews in allergy & immunologyauthors
Tilles SA,Bardana EJ Jrdoi
10.1007/BF02826585subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-07-01 00:00:00pages
169-85issue
2eissn
1080-0549issn
1559-0267journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is an essential part of the definition of asthma. Although our understanding of the allergic inflammatory and immunologic mechanisms of asthma have markedly increased, the mechanism of BHR remains to be elucidated. Increased BHR is associated temporally with exposure to allergens, c...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/CRIAI:24:1:85
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pruritus, fatigue, and metabolic bone disease are frequent complications of cholestatic liver diseases, which can be quite distressing for the patient and can considerably reduce the quality of life. The molecular pathogenesis of these extrahepatic manifestations of cholestasis is poorly understood, and hypotheses to ...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/CRIAI:28:2:147
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of peer-reviewed articles published during the 2017 solar year and retrieved using the "autoimmunity" key word increased significantly compared to 2016 while maintaining a stable share within the immunology field, following years with alternated fortunes. A detailed arbitrary analysis of the published artic...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-018-8699-7
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Omalizumab is a humanized mouse monoclonal antibody that binds specifically to the constant region of the immunoglobulin (Ig)E heavy chain. Omalizumab exerts its effects by reducing free serum IgE levels and FcepsilonRI expression on several cell types. These effects have been shown to result in decreased airway infla...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/CRIAI:29:1:003
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prognosis of several autoimmune diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease (CD), and psoriasis, usually refractory to conventional treatment improved considerably with the introduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) antagonistic agents, which is now available (i...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-009-8140-3
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously believed to have an exclusive role in the release of cytotoxic mediators in the defense against helminthic infections, eosinophils are now considered key players in inflammatory reaction and regulation of immune response. Through activation of a large variety of membrane receptors and production of various ...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/CRIAI:30:1:013
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the implementation of vaccination programs and the use of antibiotics, developed countries have seen a decline in infection-related pediatric bronchiectasis. However, significant morbidity from bronchiectasis is still seen and both infectious and noninfectious causes of bronchiectasis in the pediatric population ...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-007-8036-z
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations and association with multiple immunological abnormalities. Recent research of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway-revealed aberrant STAT s...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-016-8550-y
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Air pollution is defined as the presence of noxious substances in the air at levels that impose a health hazard. Thus, there has been long-standing interest in the possible role of indoor and outdoor air pollutants on the development of respiratory disease. In this regard, asthma has been of particular interest but ma...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-019-08730-3
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic lupus erythmatosus (SLE) is a multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by auto-reactive cells and auto-antibodies, which can potentially affect all organ systems. Typical organ systems that are affected include the heart, lungs, skin, kidneys, and central nervous system. Its expression is believed to be ...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/CRIAI:25:1:41
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare multisystem autoinflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. AOSD is generally characterized by high spiking fever, arthralgia or arthritis, skin rash, leukocytosis, and hyperferritinemia. Traditionally, AOSD has been treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cortic...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-019-08747-8
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In inflammatory rheumatic disorders, the immune system attacks and damages the connective tissues and invariably internal organs. During the past decade, remarkable advances having been made towards our understanding on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in rheumatic diseases. The discovery of IL-23/IL-17 ...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-020-08823-4
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pemphigus is a group of rare, potentially devastating autoimmune diseases of the skin and mucous membranes with high morbidity and potentially lethal outcome. The major clinical variant, pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is caused by a loss of intercellular adhesion of epidermal keratinocytes which is induced by IgG autoantibod...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-017-8662-z
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that results in abnormal viscous mucoid secretions in multiple organs and whose main clinical features are pancreatic insufficiency and chronic endobronchial infection. Although it was i...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-008-8078-x
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary function testing is useful for the diagnosis and management of a variety of pulmonary conditions, and the most commonly obtained component is spirometry. Spirometry is most useful in the evaluation of obstructive airway disorders but can be a helpful tool in the management of patients with chest restriction ...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-009-8128-z
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of autoimmune diseases is increasing in Western countries, possibly due to the improved sanitary conditions and reduced exposure to infections in childhood (the hygiene hypothesis). There is an ongoing debate whether infection prevents or precipitates autoimmune diseases. Various helminths species used i...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-012-8352-9
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an emerging chronic atopic clinical-pathologic disease with an estimated prevalence of 1/1000 similar to the one of Crohn's diseases. Usually, EoE is firstly suspected due to symptoms that are caused by esophageal dysfunction and/or fibrosis. EoE diagnosis is confirmed if the esophage...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-015-8501-z
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antityrosinase antibody is a newly detected antibody in the sera of patients with melanoma or vitiligo. The serum level of the antibody is measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The autoantigen is tyrosinase itself, the enzyme that participates in pigment (melanin) formation by both melanocytes and mel...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02737633
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hereditary angioedema (HAE) patients experience recurrent local swelling in various parts of the body including painful swelling of the intestine and life-threatening laryngeal oedema. Most HAE literature is about attacks located in one anatomical site, though it is mentioned that HAE attacks may also involve multiple...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12016-014-8463-6
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although allergic asthma was described to be associated with the presence of mucosal T helper (Th)2 cells, it is not entirely clear which factors are responsible for priming of T cells to differentiate into Th2 effector cells in this disease. Interleukin (IL)-6 has been recognized as important because it is secreted b...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/CRIAI:28:3:257
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the prevalence of anti-third generation cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP3) in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases, we assembled a training set consisting of 115 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 52 with Calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, oesophageal dysmotility, scle...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02686081
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contact dermatitis accounts for 95% of occupational skin disorders. Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is often caused by cumulative exposure to weak irritants, accounting for 80% of all cases of contact dermatitis. ICD can co-exist with atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Patients with AD and...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-018-8713-0
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The last 5 years have seen the emergence and establishment of antibodies to citrullinated antigens as the diagnostic marker for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Initially, these were detected using a synthetic peptide, which has undergone a number of modifications to give a diagnostic test with a sensitivity of 65...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12016-007-8016-3
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory condition primarily involving the gastrointestinal tract. It includes Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and a less common phenotype-indeterminate colitis. It is thought to result from a complex interplay of environmental, microbial...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-018-8690-3
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the vast database of peer-reviewed articles, the number of 2018 papers published retrieved using the "autoimmunity" keyword remained unchanged compared with the brilliant results of 2017 while returning above a 5% share within the immunology field, after the brisk decrease of this ratio in 2017. As in the past 12 y...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12016-019-08745-w
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) conceptually may be divided into three evolutionary stages: allostimulation, effector cell homing to specific tissues, and cellular targeting and injury. Surprisingly, little is known regarding the targeting stage of GVHD. Recently, we have learned that epithelial target cell inj...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-007-0028-5
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past few years, the rates of food allergies have dramatically increased. As a result, the lives of patients and their caregivers have been dramatically altered. While most attention surrounding food allergies has focused on treatment, less consideration has been given to the mental health ramifications of liv...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-018-8708-x
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma is the most common potentially serious medical problem to complicate pregnancy. Recent reports suggest that 7 of every 100 pregnant women suffer from asthma during pregnancy. Asthmatic women have been shown to be at an increased risk of complications during pregnancy. This may be secondary to inadequately contr...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/CRIAI:26:3:139
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is a characteristic feature of asthma, and individuals with this disease respond to a range of physiological and chemical insults that are otherwise innocuous to healthy subjects, suggesting that the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are characteristic of the asthma phenotype. B...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/CRIAI:31:2:143
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is central to many physiological processes, including immune system activation and maintenance. Studies continue to reveal the intricacies of calcium signalling within the immune system. Perhaps the most well-understood mechanism of calcium influx into cells i...
journal_title:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12016-020-08824-3
更新日期:2021-01-06 00:00:00