Abstract:
BACKGROUND:It is proposed that the mechanism responsible for the low plasma cholesterol-cancer associations reported in the literature is related to blood and tissue levels of cholesterol precursors and products, reflecting rates of cholesterol synthesis rather than the plasma cholesterol level itself. METHODS:Data have been collated from Japanese and Northern European studies on plasma levels of a cholesterol precursor, lathosterol, and one product, cholestanol, each a marker of cholesterol metabolism. Situations in which the rate of cholesterol synthesis is altered have also been examined for their relationship to cancer incidence. RESULTS:The data though minimal suggest that lathosterol and cholestanol may be higher in the blood of the Japanese compared with the Northern Europeans, despite lower plasma cholesterol levels in the Japanese. In accord with the hypothesis the Japanese have a low incidence of many cancers. Cholesterol synthesis is lowered when dietary cholesterol and fat intake are increased and incidence of cancer is increased in these states. Conversely cholesterol synthesis is raised in vegetarianism, the Mediterranean diet, pregnancy, and lactation, and incidence of some cancers is lowered. CONCLUSIONS:At least some of the variation in cancer incidence with plasma cholesterol levels and also with dietary saturated fat and cholesterol, as well as vegetarianism, the Mediterranean diet, pregnancy, and lactation, can be accounted for by their effects on the rate of cholesterol synthesis and the level of cholesterol precursors and/or products so generated.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Larking PWdoi
10.1006/pmed.1999.0550subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-11-01 00:00:00pages
383-90issue
5eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(99)90550-9journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::One explanation for the increasing smoking-related health inequalities is the limited access of lower socioeconomic status (SES) smokers to smoking cessation support. In order to understand this limited access - and to eventually improve accessibility - we provide a structured overview of the barriers that lower SES s...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.03.029
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study investigated variation in unhealthy lifestyles within Australia according to where people were born. METHOD:Multilevel linear regression models were used to explore variation in co-occurring unhealthy lifestyles (from 0 to 8) constructed from responses to tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, mode...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.09.015
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abuse of widely available, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and supplements such as diet pills, laxatives, and diuretics by adolescents for weight control is well-documented, yet manufacturers and retailers can sell them to minors without restriction. The aim of our study was to estimate the effect of added taxation of OT...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.05.022
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current state-of-the-science for interventions to increase bone mass gains in children and adolescents using weight-bearing physical activity or calcium supplementation. METHODS:Studies were located using computerized and manual searches of the empirical literatu...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/pmed.2000.0758
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of screening and five years of multi-factorial lifestyle intervention on changes in alcohol intake in a general population. METHODS:The study was a pre-randomized intervention study on lifestyle, Inter99 (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark. Participants in the intervention group (n=6 091...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.007
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:: Little is known of the preventive effects of physical activity in leisure time on neck and upper limb symptoms. METHODS:: A cohort of 1742 employees was selected from a prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of 3 years. Independent variables were sporting activities and physically active commuti...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.11.006
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:There is evidence linking the built environment (BE) with physical activity (PA), but few studies have been conducted in Latin America (LA). State-of-the-art methods and protocols have been designed in and applied in high-income countries (HIC). In this paper, we identify key challenges and potential solution...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.10.014
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The opioid crisis presents substantial challenges to public health in New England's rural states, where access to pharmacotherapy for opioid use disorder (OUD), harm reduction, HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) services vary widely. We present an approach to characterizing the epidemiology, policy and resource environme...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.05.028
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Families of people with ischemic heart disease (IHD) are likely to share high levels of risk markers and to have similar lifestyle patterns. Teenage children in such families were the focus of a behavioral intervention program. METHODS:Families were randomly allocated to either an "early" or a "late" advice...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0091-7435(92)90069-t
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A smoking prevention program was developed to prepare children in elementary school for secondary school. This study assessed the effects on smoking in secondary school. METHODS:In 2002, 121 schools in The Netherlands were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The intervention group rece...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.11.003
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a redesign of medical test results by placing the information of blood samples in the context of the patient's personal clinical data. We predict that implementing personalized data in the treatment of patients will promote engagement in the treatment, motivate patients to take responsibility and lead to gr...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.08.008
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a cross-sectional study carried out in El Salvador between February 2016 and July 2017, self-sampling and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing was found to be highly acceptable among 2019 women who had not attended a cervical cancer screening in at least 3 years. Within this population, HPV positivity rates differed ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.06.017
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Central obesity is an independent risk factor of mortality. Change in waist circumference after smoking cessation has not been previously reported in a population-based prospective study of both sexes. METHODS:Population-based study, Inter99, 1999-2001 in Copenhagen, Denmark. 2408 daily smokers completed que...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.11.015
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While the effects of smoking and other modifiable risk factors on mortality and specific diseases are well established, their effects on ill health more generally are less known. Using two national, longitudinal surveys, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of smoking and other modifiable ri...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.2001.0991
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Utilization of mammography has increased steadily since the early 1990s. It is now important to expand the attention given to obtaining repeat examination. This study examines the prevalence and cross-sectional correlates of repeat mammography, among women aged 55-79, using a 12-month (N = 3,502) and a 24-mo...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.12.032
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of age and study period on coronary heart disease (CHD) risk attributable to cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS:A cohort of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-free randomly participants from Girona (Spain) aged 35-74 years recruited in 1995 and 2000 and followed for an average of 6.9 year...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.03.012
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol consumption as a potential risk factor for breast cancer was examined in a case-control study of 1,467 female breast cancer patients and 10,178 hospital controls. Lean females (Quetelet index less than 22) had elevated unadjusted odds ratios for breast cancer of 2.1, 1.7, and 1.4, associated with consuming les...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0091-7435(88)90084-9
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Determine among a representative sample of pediatricians (Peds), family medicine (FM), and general internal medicine (GIM) physicians in the 2009-2010 influenza season physicians': 1) practices and experiences with delivery of seasonal and pH1N1 influenza vaccines; and 2) anticipated and experienced barriers...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.04.014
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The obesity paradox in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unexplained. We examined the role of self-rated health, behavioral and objectively assessed risk factors, in order to further explore mechanisms that might influence the association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in CVD pat...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.02.012
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a major public health issue, human trafficking (HT) affects individuals, families, communities, and societies around the world. A public health approach to combating HT has been advocated. Such an approach seeks to prevent HT by engaging diverse stakeholder groups in addressing risk factors at multiple levels. As a...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.07.006
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the impact of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) trajectories during midlife and older adulthood with subsequent fall risk in later life. Cross-temporal analyses were conducted in 15,792 participants (27% black, 55% women) aged 45 to 64 years enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Comm...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.02.007
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes a systematic literature review of voucher and related monetary-based contingency management (CM) interventions for substance use disorders (SUDs) over 5.2years (November 2009 through December 2014). Reports were identified using the search engine PubMed, expert consultations, and published biblio...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.008
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Findings from the Life Span Study (LSS) of the health effects of exposure to atomic bomb radiation have documented a strong dose-response relation between radiation exposure and breast cancer incidence. PURPOSE:We analyzed data from the LSS cohort to identify nonradiation risk factors for breast cancer and ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1996.9979
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this research is to investigate peer-to-peer sexual violence victimization and perpetration among male and female adolescents in a large, racially and economically diverse, community-based sample. Using cross-sectional data over a four-year period (2009-2013) from a regional sample of middle school and ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.032
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although cigarette and smokeless tobacco use are recognized as major problems among school-age youth, few nationwide or statewide data exist on the prevalence and patterns of use. To determine the patterns of tobacco use among children and adolescents in Missouri, self-report information was obtained from a representa...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0091-7435(90)90018-f
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to examine the duration of physical activity (PA) bouts in prepubertal children with high-frequency accelerometry monitoring. METHODS:Thirteen boys and thirteen girls (aged 8-10 years) from one school in North of France had their PA recorded during 7 days using a uniaxial Actigraph ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.10.004
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the effects of the price of tobacco on smoking behaviors in Korean adult smokers using a population-based survey. Current smokers or former smokers who quit smoking <1 year prior to the survey were selected from the data of 2015 Korea Community Health Survey (N = 45,686). The effects of the pri...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.01.010
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neighborhood built environments (BE) include combinations of co-existing stimuli influencing physical activity (PA). Dealing with numerous environmental variables and complexity presents a significant challenge. The current analysis explored whether a range of reported BE features associated with adults' phy...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.02.020
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health professionals are credible sources of smoking cessation advice. This study describes changes in health professionals' reported provision of smoking cessation counseling activities for women during a community health education project that took place in two intervention counties (I) and compares these ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1999.0607
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) compose a subset of men who have sex with men (MSM) and represent an estimated 35% of MSM. Research on the HIV risk behaviors of MSMW has largely focused on their behaviors in comparison to men who have sex with men only (MSMO). Results suggest that compared to MSMO, MSMW are...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.024
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00