Cancer and low levels of plasma cholesterol: the relevance of cholesterol precursors and products to incidence of cancer.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:It is proposed that the mechanism responsible for the low plasma cholesterol-cancer associations reported in the literature is related to blood and tissue levels of cholesterol precursors and products, reflecting rates of cholesterol synthesis rather than the plasma cholesterol level itself. METHODS:Data have been collated from Japanese and Northern European studies on plasma levels of a cholesterol precursor, lathosterol, and one product, cholestanol, each a marker of cholesterol metabolism. Situations in which the rate of cholesterol synthesis is altered have also been examined for their relationship to cancer incidence. RESULTS:The data though minimal suggest that lathosterol and cholestanol may be higher in the blood of the Japanese compared with the Northern Europeans, despite lower plasma cholesterol levels in the Japanese. In accord with the hypothesis the Japanese have a low incidence of many cancers. Cholesterol synthesis is lowered when dietary cholesterol and fat intake are increased and incidence of cancer is increased in these states. Conversely cholesterol synthesis is raised in vegetarianism, the Mediterranean diet, pregnancy, and lactation, and incidence of some cancers is lowered. CONCLUSIONS:At least some of the variation in cancer incidence with plasma cholesterol levels and also with dietary saturated fat and cholesterol, as well as vegetarianism, the Mediterranean diet, pregnancy, and lactation, can be accounted for by their effects on the rate of cholesterol synthesis and the level of cholesterol precursors and/or products so generated.

journal_name

Prev Med

journal_title

Preventive medicine

authors

Larking PW

doi

10.1006/pmed.1999.0550

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1999-11-01 00:00:00

pages

383-90

issue

5

eissn

0091-7435

issn

1096-0260

pii

S0091-7435(99)90550-9

journal_volume

29

pub_type

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