Abstract:
:Infection of microglial cells by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is supposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of AIDS-related central nervous system (CNS) complications. So far, however, experimental data about interactions between HIV and ramified microglia from the adult CNS were only occasionally reported, making it difficult to understand the exact nature of pathogenic events contributing to HIV-encephalopathy. Therefore, we used the animal model of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection of domestic cats to establish an experimental system which is suitable for studying the relationships between an immunodeficiency virus and the mature ramified microglia of the central nervous system. By means of density gradient centrifugation approximately 95% pure microglial cells could be isolated from adult feline brain that were characterized by their CD45(low) phenotype. Resident microglia extracted from the CNS of experimentally infected cats harbored FIV-specific DNA and cocultivation with mitogen-activated, but uninfected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) resulted in recovery of high-titered infectious virus. Double labeling of brain cell monocultures explanted from persistently infected animals for both microglia and FIV markers disclosed less than 1% of viral antigen expressing microglial cells. This suggests that during the subclinical phase of the infection only a small number of brain-resident macrophages are productively infected. However, interaction of FIV-infected microglia and inflammatory lymphocytes may promote viral replication, thus supporting viral spread in brain tissue.
journal_name
Virologyjournal_title
Virologyauthors
Hein A,Martin JP,Koehren F,Bingen A,Dörries Rdoi
10.1006/viro.1999.0152subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-03-15 00:00:00pages
420-9issue
2eissn
0042-6822issn
1096-0341pii
S0042-6822(99)90152-6journal_volume
268pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VIROLOGY文献大全abstract::Sequence variants of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1) have been reported in association with EBV-linked malignancies but little is known about their effects on signalling pathways and phenotype. We have examined the ability of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)-derived variant, CAO...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.2001.0828
更新日期:2001-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::The immunogenicity of capsomeres of human papillomavirus type 33 was evaluated in a dose-response analysis. Capsomeres were obtained free of capsids by expression of L1 carrying the single point mutation C427S. Neutralizing antibodies were detected using an in vitro pseudoinfection assay. Capsomeres induced type-speci...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.2000.0875
更新日期:2001-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis B virus (HBV) clone 4B replicated much more efficiently than clone 2A of the same genotype. Introduction of its T1753C, A1762T, G1764A, and C1766T core promoter mutations into the 2A genome greatly enhanced genome replication and suppressed HBeAg expression. Here we show that these effects are mediated by tr...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2009.03.002
更新日期:2009-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::SV(PZF) is a mutant of Sindbis virus (SV) which we selected on the basis of its ability to replicate in mosquito cells treated with pyrazofurin (PZF), a drug which inhibits pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis (Lin et al., 2000, Virology 272, 61-71). Three mutations, A6627U, A7543U, and C7593A, were identified in the ns...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1230
更新日期:2002-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::During capsid assembly of bacteriophage P2 and its satellite phage P4, gpN undergoes proteolytic cleavage with the removal of the first 31 amino acids. The truncated protein gpN* is unable to support formation of viable phages in complementation tests. A c-myc antigenic epitope (EQKLISEEDL) exchanged for eleven amino ...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1996.0566
更新日期:1996-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Dengue 2 (DEN 2) virus strains collected from dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Thailand, Burma, and Vietnam over a 25-year period have been analyzed by computer assisted T1-RNase-resistant oligonucleotide fingerprinting. Fifty-seven DEN 2 virus strains of the Thailand topotype we...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(89)90195-5
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular host response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was examined by isolation of HCV-induced genes from a cDNA library constructed from chimpanzee liver during the acute phase of hepatitis C. Two cDNA clones, 130-7 and 130-51, were obtained by differential hybridization with cDNA probes prepared from poly...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(92)90925-f
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cowpea strain of Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV-C), a T = 3 icosahedral RNA virus, was dissociated to yield a ribonucleoprotein complex (RNPC) composed of the viral RNA and coat protein subunits. To determine if the coat protein subunits were bound to a specific site on the viral RNA, the RNPC was treated with r...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1995.1117
更新日期:1995-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::The major and minor nucleoprotein components in turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) preparations have been fractionated by four cycles of CsCl gradient equilibrium centrifugations. RNAs isolated from the various fractions were translated in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system. Three classes of RNAs were studied: geno...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(79)90170-3
更新日期:1979-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) (family Tombusviridae, genus Carmovirus) is a positive-sense RNA virus containing a 4054-base genome. Previous results indicated that insertion of Hairpin 4 (H4) into a TCV-associated satellite RNA enhanced replication 6-fold in vivo (Nagy, P., Pogany, J., Simon, A. E., 1999. EMBO J. 18:5653...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2006.03.051
更新日期:2006-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) can modulate the outcome of virus infection. Here we explore the role of miRNAs in insect-virus interactions, in vivo, using the natural Drosophila melanogaster-Drosophila C virus (DCV) model system. Comparison of the miRNA expression profiles in DCV-infected and uninfected flies sh...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2016.12.009
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis B virus synthesizes multiple spliced RNAs that can be reverse transcribed into viral DNA. We thoroughly characterized the contribution of spliced RNAs to DNA synthesis in transfected cultures of Huh7 and HepG2 cells. We found that up to 50% of DNA within intracellular capsids is derived from five spliced RNA...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2008.06.021
更新日期:2008-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The amino acid sequence of the coat protein of wild-type cowpea chlorotic mottle virus has been nearly completely determined by direct methods. The sites of amino acid replacements were identified in the coat proteins of an oxidation-sensitive mutant, a temperature-sensitive mutant, and a salt-stable mutant. The repla...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(82)90108-8
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Very fast sedimenting DNA (VFS DNA) of T4 phage, which is formed by infection with a mutant in gene 49, was examined by electron microscopy after mild treatment with DNase I. It showed Y-shaped, branched strands in addition to linear strands. Each branch contained a single-stranded interruption about 60 nucleotides lo...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(83)90470-1
更新日期:1983-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The X protein (pX) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a general transcription regulator and directly associated with the transcription machinery. pX cannot bind DNA directly but interacts with cellular factors that bind the regulatory elements. There is an accumulation of evidence concerning different activities exerted by...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1994.1356
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We described a simple method to introduce site-specific mutations into region E3 of adenovirus (Ad). Mutations are made in cloned Ad2 EcoRI-D (map position 76-83), then ligated between Ad5 EcoRI-A (map position 0-76) and EcoRI-B (map position 83-100) to complete the viral genome. We have used this method to isolate a ...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(86)90412-5
更新日期:1986-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Flaviviruses are single-stranded positive RNA viruses that replicate through double stranded RNA (dsRNA) intermediates. These dsRNA may be recognized as pathogen-associated molecular patterns by cellular receptors including membrane-bound Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and cytosolic helicases RIG-I and MDA5. dsRNA stimul...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2010.05.020
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major outer capsid protein, VP5, of five US bluetongue viruses, was found to be glycosylated. Enzymatic removal of the carbohydrate moiety did not affect the electrophoretic mobility of VP5 in SDS-PAGE, indicating the presence of only short and possibly unbranched oligosaccharide chains. The surface accessibilitie...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6822(83)90000-4
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior genetic analysis suggests that there may exist an interaction between the products of the vaccinia virus genes A18R, a putative negative transcription elongation factor, and G2R, a putative positive transcription elongation factor. In addition, affinity purification of polyhistidine-tagged G2R protein overexpres...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1998.9166
更新日期:1998-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Although defensins are known to inhibit the replication of human influenza A virus (IAV) in vitro, their in vivo expression during IAV infection is not known. Here we investigated mRNA and protein expression of several beta-defensins in the airways of IAV infected mice. Expression of murine beta-defensin (MBD)-3 and -...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2008.07.024
更新日期:2008-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::The DNAs of the Cas-Br-E MuLV-induced leukemias always contain somatically acquired mink cell focus-forming (MCF) recombinant proviruses. MCF recombinants could be involved during leukemogenesis at both preleukemic times and in late-stage tumors. Among the Cas-Br-E-induced non-T-, non-B-cell leukemias, viral integrati...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(92)90241-g
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human Papillomavirus infection is highly prevalent worldwide. While most types of HPV cause benign warts, some high-risk types are known to cause cervical cancer, as well as cancer of the oral cavity and head and neck. Persistent cutaneous HPV infection can be particularly problematic in patients with chronic immunosu...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2019.08.007
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The octadecyl rhodamine (R18) fluorescent dequenching assay was used to examine membrane fusion between mumps virus and mammalian cells. Rapid fluorescent dequenching, indicative of membrane fusion, was observed when labeled mumps virus was mixed with either ghost erythrocytes or CV-1 cells. After 15 min a saturation ...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(92)90196-v
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amino-terminal domain of influenza A virus matrix protein (residues 1-164) was crystallized at pH 7 into a new crystal form in space group P1. This packing of the protein implies that M1(1-164) was monomeric in solution when it crystallized. Otherwise, the structure of the M1 fragment in the pH 7 crystals was the ...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.2000.0727
更新日期:2001-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of parvovirus minute virus of mice (prototype strain, MVMp) with simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed human cells (NB-E) was investigated by means of transfection with MVMp molecular clones derived from the infectious recombinant plasmid (pMM984). pMM984 inhibits stable transformation of NB-E cells to ge...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(90)90110-d
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The display of foreign proteins on the surface of baculovirus virions has provided a tool for the analysis of protein-protein interactions and for cell-specific targeting in gene transfer applications. To evaluate the baculovirus display system as a vaccine vehicle, we have generated a recombinant baculovirus (AcNPV-C...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2003.08.003
更新日期:2003-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::It is likely that phylogroup 2 lyssaviruses circulate within bat reservoirs. We adapted a pseudotype (pt) neutralisation assay (PNA) to a multiplex format enabling serosurveillance for Lagos bat virus (LBV), Mokola virus (MOKV) and West Caucasian bat virus (WCBV) in a potential reservoir, the African straw-coloured fr...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2010.09.014
更新日期:2010-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Few human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) have been extensively studied in non-human primates. Such investigations have demonstrated that several element classes are primate unique, contain members with important biological function, are conserved in specific primate lineages, and have in some cases expanded in copy n...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2005.01.045
更新日期:2005-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriophage T4 tails contain a set of extended protein molecules in the central channel of the tail tube through which the DNA must exit during infection. Treatment of tails with guanidine hydrochloride separates the baseplates, leaving the tail tube and several specific tube-associated proteins. Methods were develo...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(86)90051-6
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three SV40 escape mutants were identified by selection in the presence of monoclonal antibodies with neutralizing activity. The VP1 amino acid alterations in these mutants were: (1) K73-->E (in loop BC); (2) D77-->E (in loop BC); (3) K171-->R (in loop EF); and (4) Q175-->H (in loop EF). These residues are clustered in...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2008.07.032
更新日期:2008-11-10 00:00:00