Effects of biased feedback on learning and deciding in a vernier discrimination task.

abstract：:The aim of the study was to determine the age-dependence of the accommodative force on the lens in order to make it clear whether the causes of presbyopia are due to lenticular or extralenticular changes. A finite element model of the lens of an 11-, 29- and 45-year-old human eye was constructed to represent the fully...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Hermans EA,Dubbelman M,van der Heijde GL,Heethaar RM

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We set out to determine whether extra-striate ventral stream function was compromised in amblyopia and to compare any observed deficit with previous data on comparable dorsal stream function. We devised a multi-element orientation task where orientation coherence sensitivity could be measured in a comparable way to mo...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Husk JS,Hess RF

更新日期：2013-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The hyperpolarizing responses to light were recorded intracellularly from red cones of the turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans. Pairs of slit stimuli were flashed alone or together at various intensities, one slit positioned on the receptive field center and the other displaced 30 microns. The peak amplitude of the resp...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Pluvinage V,Green DG

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nominally steady-state accommodation response exhibits temporal variations which can be characterized by two dominant regions of activity; a low frequency component (LFC < 0.6 Hz) and a high frequency component (1.0 < or = HFC < or = 2.1 Hz). There is no consensus as to the relative contribution made by each of th...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Gray LS,Winn B,Gilmartin B

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human observers show remarkable efficiency in statistical estimation; they are able, for instance, to estimate the mean size of visual objects, even if their number exceeds the capacity limits of focused attention. This ability has been understood as the result of a distinct mode of attention, i.e. distributed attenti...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Baijal S,Nakatani C,van Leeuwen C,Srinivasan N

更新日期：2013-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we use a dynamic noise-masking paradigm to explore the nature of the mechanisms mediating the motion perception of drifting isoluminant red-green gratings. We compare contrast thresholds for the detection and direction discrimination of drifting gratings (1.5 cpd), over a range of temporal frequencies (0...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Mullen KT,Yoshizawa T,Baker CL Jr

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated temporal aspects of stereoscopically perceived slant produced by the following transformations: horizontal scale, horizontal shear, vertical scale, vertical shear, divergence and rotation, between the half-images of a stereogram. Six subjects viewed large field stimuli (70 degrees diameter) both in the...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： van Ee R,Erkelens CJ

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A vertical grating appears tilted when surrounded by a tilted inducer grating: the tilt illusion. We investigated the inter-ocular transfer of the tilt illusion for gratings modulated along parallel or orthogonal vectors in a L-M and L+M+S cone contrast space. We found that the monocular component of the tilt illusion...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Forte JD,Clifford CW

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of recent studies have suggested that the "intersection of constraints" model of two dimensional motion perception, put forward by Adelson and Movshon [(1982) Nature, 300, 523-525], is incomplete. Evidence has been mounting that there is a second two-dimensional motion sensitive mechanism which is monocular a...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Burke D,Alais D,Wenderoth P

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MIRAGE, a theory for the primitive coding of the (1D) spatial distribution of luminance changes by the human visual system is developed from a theoretical examination of the practical problems associated with the characterization of such changes. The main novel feature of the theory is that the multiplicity of spatial...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Watt RJ,Morgan MJ

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In two experiments we examined the performance of Asian and Caucasian participants as they were asked to estimate the ethnic composition of arrays of 16 concurrently presented faces. Across trials we systematically varied the physical proportion of Asian and Caucasian faces presented in the arrays using the method of ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Thornton IM,Srismith D,Oxner M,Hayward WG

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have shown that the perceived position of a briefly presented stimulus can be displaced by nearby motion or by eye movements. We examined whether attentive tracking can also modulate the perceived position of flashed static objects when eye movements and low-level motion are controlled. Observers atten...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Shim WM,Cavanagh P

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the mechanisms of perceptual learning, we recently introduced a paradigm in which incorrect, reverse feedback followed after some but not all vernier presentations. This feedback paradigm exerted a strong effect on performance that seemed to bias decisions rather than to yield perceptual learning. Here,...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Herzog MH,Ewald KR,Hermens F,Fahle M

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The abilities of the human visual system to perform metrical judgements (comparison of lengths, estimation of angles...) involve the existence of some geometrical structure in the visual perceptual space. The question arises whether this geometrical structure is rigidly determined or is subject to adaptive changes. We...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Droulez J,Cornilleau V

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of glutamate and its agonists on horizontal cells appeared diversely when studied in turtle eyecup preparations. Consistent results were obtained when the isolated retina preparations were used. Not only kainate and quisqualate but also N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) caused a sustained depolarization and light-ev...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Miyachi E,Murakami M

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recorded the activity of omnipause neurons (OPNs) in the raphe interpositus during so-called staircase saccades produced by prolonged activation of the superior colliculus (SC) by microstimulation. By showing that OPNs cyclically pause during the periodic movements produced by the steady activation function, w...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Paul K,Gnadt JW

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe an extraocular muscle (EOM) force transducer that provides low-noise signals from an alert animal for several months, is implanted without disinserting the muscle, and is well-tolerated by the body, and present results obtained with the device. The transducer can be used to study orbital statics and dynami...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Miller JM,Robins D

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many studies have used static and non-biologically related stimuli to investigate bistable perception and found that the percept is usually dominated by their intrinsic nature with some influence of voluntary control from the viewer. Here we used a dynamic stimulus of a rotating human body, the silhouette spinner illu...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Liu CH,Tzeng OJ,Hung DL,Tseng P,Juan CH

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopaminergic and indoleamine accumulating neurons can be demonstrated both in the light and the electron microscopes. Considerable differences have been found between different animal species. There are two types of dopaminergic neurons, the interamacrine cells and the interplexiform cells. The interamacrine cells con...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Ehinger B

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A local region in an image is seen as slanted when the two eyes are shown different luminance values in that region. The steepness of the slant depends upon the size of the region and the difference in the luminance values in the two eyes. Three examples where this phenomenon influences depth perception are given: (1)...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kumar T

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The processing of a visual stimulus is known to be influenced by the statistics in recent visual history and by the stimulus' visual surround. Such contextual influences lead to perceptually salient phenomena, such as the tilt aftereffect and the tilt illusion. Despite much research on the influence of an isolated con...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Dekel R,Sagi D

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 2-month-old human infant is known to be less visually sensitive than the adult by a factor of 50, if sensitivity is measured by the threshold for detecting a test light in the dark. In the present experiment, visual sensitivity of infants and adults did not differ significantly when sensitivity was measured by the...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Brown AM

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Models based on spatial-frequency channels and local features provide alternative explanations for suprathreshold pattern discrimination. We compared psychophysical discrimination data with the predictions of the Wilson and Gelb channel model and three local-feature models. The features were peak-valley local contrast...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Akutsu H,Legge GE

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reduced global motion sensitivity, relative to global static form sensitivity, has been found in children with many neurodevelopmental disorders, leading to the "dorsal stream vulnerability" hypothesis (Braddick et al., 2003). Individual differences in typically developing children's global motion thresholds have been...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Braddick O,Atkinson J,Akshoomoff N,Newman E,Curley LB,Gonzalez MR,Brown T,Dale A,Jernigan T

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To gain new insight into the effects of monocular deprivation, we studied the visual cortex of adult cats deprived of vision in one eye. Local field potentials were recorded in response to contrast reversal of square-wave gratings modulated in time either by pseudorandom, m-sequences or periodically. We have found tha...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kasamatsu T,Kitano M,Sutter EE,Norcia AM

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dependence of spatial frequency on accommodation has been investigated extensively. Recently, differences between myopes and emmetropes with respect to accommodative microfluctuations for high spatial frequency targets have been reported. Considering the diversity of accommodative responses (ARs) to sinusoidal gra...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Xu J,Zheng Z,Drobe B,Jiang J,Chen H

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some blind humans use sound to navigate by emitting mouth-clicks and listening to the echoes that reflect from silent objects and surfaces in their surroundings. These echoes contain information about the size, shape, location, and material properties of objects. Here we present results from an fMRI experiment that in...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Milne JL,Arnott SR,Kish D,Goodale MA,Thaler L

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mach bands are illusory bright and dark bands seen where a luminance plateau meets a ramp, as in half-shadows or penumbras. A tremendous amount of work has been devoted to studying the psychophysics and the potential underlying neural circuitry concerning this phenomenon. A number of theoretical models also have been ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Pessoa L

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the characteristics of mechanisms mediating motion discrimination of S-cone isolating stimuli and found a double dissociation between the effects of luminance noise, which masks linear but not non-linear motion, and chromatic noise, which masks non-linear but not linear motion. We conclude that S-cones...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Michna ML,Yoshizawa T,Mullen KT

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High order aberrations have been suggested to play a role in determining the direction of accommodation. We have explored the effect of retinal blur induced by high order aberrations on dynamic accommodation by measuring the accommodative response to sinusoidal variations in accommodative demand (1-3D). The targets we...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Gambra E,Wang Y,Yuan J,Kruger PB,Marcos S

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00