Abstract：
:Treatment of systemic diseases by means of the inhalation route is hampered by uncertainties of the drug dose applied by inhalation. In this study, the hypothesis was tested that by standardization of the breathing maneuver used for inhalation, the interindividual variability of the dose deposited intrathoracically can be reduced. Therefore, breathing pattern during routine inhalations with jet nebulizers was measured in 18 patients with lung disease. Using monodisperse 3 microm particles, total deposition was then assessed for the measured spontaneous and for three controlled, slow breathing patterns. Particle deposition for the three controlled breathing patterns was additionally measured in 14 healthy subjects. The study has shown that within the study population the inhaled air volume and flow rate were quite different. Consequently, total particle deposition varied between 20 and 95%, depending on breathing pattern. For controlled, slow breathing patterns, deposition was on average higher, intersubject variability of deposition was smaller, and differences in deposition between healthy subjects and patients were negligible. Therefore, to perform efficient systemic treatment with aerosolized drugs, controlled, slow breathing patterns should be used.
journal_name
J Pharm Scijournal_title
Journal of pharmaceutical sciencesauthors
Brand P,Friemel I,Meyer T,Schulz H,Heyder J,Häubetainger Kdoi
10.1002/(SICI)1520-6017(200006)89:6<724::AID-JPS3>subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-06-01 00:00:00pages
724-31issue
6eissn
0022-3549issn
1520-6017pii
S0022-3549(16)30609-8journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The Setschenow constant, K(salt), of a nonelectrolyte in a NaCl solution is shown to be related to the logarithm of its octanol-water partition coefficient, log K(ow), determined by K(salt) = A log K(ow) + B, where K(ow) is the octanol-water partition coefficient of the solute and the coefficients A and B are constant...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/1520-6017(200012)89:12<1620::aid-jps13>3.0
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Industry experience suggests that g-forces sustained when vials containing protein formulations are accidentally dropped can cause aggregation and particle formation. To study this phenomenon, a shock tower was used to apply controlled g-forces to glass vials containing formulations of two monoclonal antibodies and re...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.24259
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As reported in the previous commentary (Ishii-Watabe et al., J Pharm Sci 2017), the Japanese biopharmaceutical research group is promoting collaborative multilaboratory studies to evaluate and standardize new methodologies for biopharmaceutical characterization and quality control. We have conducted the studies and he...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2020.01.001
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is understood that a potential issue for drugs with poor aqueous solubility is low oral absorption. If oral exposure issues arise when working with a low solubility drug candidate, the common action is to rely on enabling formulations to solve the issue. However, this approach becomes troublesome in the pre-clinica...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2016.04.003
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complex dosing regimens simulated in the literature using a universal dosing regimen were calculated with a general dosing program developed using the program CONSAM. The program provides a rapid method of calculating nonuniform dosing regimens for up to n = 3 compartments for any linear model. Subject data can also b...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600800406
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of order during the aging of aluminum hydroxide gel prepared by the reaction of aluminum chloride and ammonium hydroxide to a final pH of 7.0 can be monitored by differential thermal analysis. The loss fo acid reactivity upon aging is accompanied by an increase in the temperature and intensity of the d...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600650931
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The solubility of ergotamine tartrate in aqueous solutions of tartaric acid, citric acid, hydrochloric acid, and caffeine and the dissolution rate of ergotamine tartrate in aqueous mixtures containing hydrochloric acid, caffeine, citric acid, or sodium acetate were studied. The Noyes-Whitney model of dissolution is us...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600690723
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Econazole is a feasible alternative treatment in the management of fungal keratitis. Nevertheless, its low water solubility is considered the main limitation to the incorporation into ophthalmic formulations. In this work, econazole nitrate is solubilized by using cyclodextrins to achieve an optimum therapeutic concen...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2017.12.028
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bioavailability of single lots of 250-mg ampicillin capsules, available from 17 distributors and/or manufactures, was determined. Each product was evaluated in terms of the serum ampicillin levels achieved at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 hr postadministration, the peak serum levels, the time of peak serum level, and the a...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600650505
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A semi-automated protein binding assay using equilibrium dialysis (ED) and a novel mixed-matrix methodology has been developed. This method decreases mass spectrometer run time and reduces the likelihood of experimental artifacts. In this cassette-based approach, a single matrix is prepared following dialysis by mixin...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.22188
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this article was to prepare a topical powder for the treatment of fungal infections, such as Candida intertrigo and tinea pedis. Thus, an econazole nitrate (ECO) formulation with improved drug dissolution and proper moisture adsorption was designed. ECO was melt with the mesoporous silicate MCM-41 (drug/MCM...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.22183
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optical crystallographic data were determined on a variety of newer USP drugs for which data had not been previously obtained. The ingredients in an unknown sample can be identified by polarized light microscopy by mounting small amounts of the material in successive specific refractive index liquids and determining r...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600821218
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The physical state of a dosage form, crystalline versus amorphous, is critical in determining its solid-state physical and chemical properties. This minireview describes the physics associated with the preparation and storage of amorphous solids including a review of the common theories of the glass transition and rel...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jps.10489
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The crystal structure of zolpidem hemitartrate hemihydrate (I, Form E) has been solved from high-resolution laboratory powder diffraction data. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic P2(1)2(1)2(1) space group with a = 22.4664(6) A, b = 26.0420(7) A, and c = 7.4391(1) A. Protonation of zolpidem molecules could not be unam...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.21883
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The full parameterization for the stratum corneum biphasic microtransport model presented previously in this Journal [95:620-648 (2006)] is developed through a combination of fundamental transport theory and calibration with existing data. Of the five microscopic transport properties, four (D(cor), K(cor/w), D(lip), K...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.20883
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of an ocular dosage form containing xanthan gum and capable of interacting with mucin in the precorneal area is a challenge. The polymer concentration that can be applied is restricted because of the limited patient acceptability of highly viscous preparations. The precorneal mucin concentration is low...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.10106
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies directed at the synthesis of tetracycline ring A analogs are described. 4-Carbethoxycyclohexane-1,3-dione was converted to the ethyl urethan dispiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,2'-cyclohexane-4',2"(1,3)-dioxolane]-1'-carbamic acid ethyl ester via the dispiro[1,3-dioxolane-2,2'-cyclohexane-4'-2"(1,3)-dioxolane]-1'-carboxyl...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600700508
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolic pathways of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2), an investigational anticancer drug. In vitro metabolism studies were performed by incubation of 2ME2 with human liver microsomes under various conditions and metabolite identification was performed using liquid chromatograph...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.20837
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is now becoming apparent that a common pathway of protein aggregation involves the unimolecular structural rearrangement from the native state to a slightly expanded aggregation-competent species. It is the goal of this study to understand the aggregation and the effects of buffer on the stability of IFN-tau. In th...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.20471
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine the relative importance of metabolism by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes versus efflux by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in restricting the intestinal mucosal permeation of cyclic prodrugs (AOA-DADLE, CA-DADLE, OMCA-DADLE) of the opioid peptide DADLE (H-Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-D-Leu-OH). AO...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.21424
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetic profiles of cimetropium bromide, after either intravenous injection of 10 mg or oral ingestion of 200 mg, were determined in eight healthy volunteers. After intravenous administration, the plasma levels and urinary excretion indicated that the drug is distributed and eliminated at a rapid rate (ter...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600750713
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Literature and experimental data relevant for the decision to allow a waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of immediate release (IR) solid oral dosage forms containing levetiracetam are reviewed. Data on solubility and permeability suggest that levetiracetam belongs to class I of the biopharm...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jps.24350
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An ethanol extract of the root of a Mexican variant of Cannabis sativa L.(marijuana) afforded, after partitioning and chromatography, the new spermidine alkaloid cannabisativine. ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600650736
更新日期：1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of cationic liposomes for intranasal administration of proteins to the brain. Cationic liposomes were loaded with a model protein, ovalbumin (OVAL), and a 50 microg dose was administered intranasally to rats. In qualitative studies, liposomes were loaded with...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.21939
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal was to evaluate the effects of acidity, expressed as the Hammett acidity function, on chemical reactivity in freeze-dried materials (lyophiles). Dextran-sucrose-citrate and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-sucrose-citrate aqueous solutions, adjusted to pH values of 2.6, 2.8, and 3.0 were freeze dried, and characte...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.21081
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of Cu2+ and Ni2+ to bovine, dog, and human serum albumin has been studied by the 35Cl NMR probe technique. The number of primary copper sites were estimated to be 1.3 for human serum albumin, 3.1 for bovine serum albumin, and 6.6 for dog serum albumin. A similar number of primary nickel sites was determine...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600740116
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A column-switching high-performance liquid chromatographic assay combined with a heart-cutting technique and UV detection (LC/LC/UV) was developed to determine ceftibuten, a new oral cephalosporin, in human plasma. Plasma samples were directly injected into the first chromatographic column for sample cleanup and extra...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600810715
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of a number of 2-(substituted phenylureido)-4-thiocyanatobenzothiazoles are described. The more active compounds against the test organisms in vitro generally were those substituted with halogens on the phenyl and benzothiazole rings. ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600670247
更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Platinum-based anticancer agents such as cisplatin and carboplatin are in widespread clinical use but associated with many side effects. Improving the delivery of cytotoxic platinum compounds may lead to reduced side effects and achieve greater efficacy at lower doses. Polymer-based therapeutics have been investigated...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jps.21611
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate drug lipophilicity effects on the bioavailability (BA) of drugs from skin after administration by dissolving microneedles, nine compounds with different lipophilicity indexes (log p value) were formulated into two-layered dissolving microneedles and administered percutaneously to rat skin: desmopressin (D...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.22814
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
