Differential effects of clonidine and dexmedetomidine on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in the rat.

abstract：:Isolated, cultured rat pancreatic islets of Langerhans were incubated in medium containing glucose 2 or 20 mmol litre-1 and with glucose supplemented with midazolam 10, 100 or 1000 ng ml-1. Glucose 20 mmol litre-1 with the addition of noradrenaline 10 mumol litre-1 was used as a control. In contrast with noradrenaline...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Desborough JP,Jones PM,Persaud SJ,Howell SL

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chinese hamster fibroblast cells in stirred suspension cultures were exposed to volatile anaesthetic agents for 3 hr or for 24 hr. Cell viability was measured as colony forming ability and was found to be reduced, in a dose related manner, by halothane, chloroform, methoxyflurane, trichloroetheylene and diethyl ether....

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Sturrock JE

更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bupivacaine 2.5 mg kg-1 (0.5 ml kg-1 of 0.5% solution), with or without adrenaline 5 micrograms ml-1, was administered by interpleural injection to 12 patients after elective cholecystectomy. Noncompartmental analysis indicated that the addition of adrenaline had no effect on total body clearance, apparent volume of d...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Gin T,Chan K,Kan AF,Gregory MA,Wong YC,Oh TE

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The determination of blood flow, i.e. cardiac output, is an integral part of haemodynamic monitoring. This is a review on noninvasive continuous cardiac output monitoring in perioperative and intensive care medicine. We present the underlying principles and validation data of the following technologies: thoracic elect...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Saugel B,Cecconi M,Wagner JY,Reuter DA

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relative humidity of air produced by simple compressors used to drive ventilators was measured at different working pressures. At normal working pressures, a relative humidity of 100% was found and condensation occurred, mainly at the high pressure air/oxygen mixer valve. This resulted in blockages and loss of accurac...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Conely JI,Railton R,MacKenzie AI

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Transtracheal jet ventilation (TTJV) is recommended in several airway guidelines as a potentially life-saving procedure during the 'Can't Intubate Can't Oxygenate' (CICO) emergency. Some studies have questioned its effectiveness. METHODS:Our goal was to determine the complication rates of TTJV in the CICO e...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Duggan LV,Ballantyne Scott B,Law JA,Morris IR,Murphy MF,Griesdale DE

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have compared the effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol on endocrine, metabolic, inflammatory and cardiovascular responses in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) after major surgery. Twenty patients who were expected to require 8 h of post-operative sedation and ventilation were allocated randomly to receiv...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Venn RM,Bryant A,Hall GM,Grounds RM

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prolonged postoperative decrease in lung function is common after major upper abdominal surgery. Evidence suggests that ventilation with low tidal volumes may limit the damage during mechanical ventilation. We compared postoperative lung function of patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery, mechanically v...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Treschan TA,Kaisers W,Schaefer MS,Bastin B,Schmalz U,Wania V,Eisenberger CF,Saleh A,Weiss M,Schmitz A,Kienbaum P,Sessler DI,Pannen B,Beiderlinden M

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study has examined the effect of hydration on immediate recovery from anaesthesia in two groups of 15 patients undergoing therapeutic abortion. A standard anaesthetic technique was administered. Patients in group I received no preoperative fluid; those in group II received, before anaesthesia, 20 ml kg-1 of 4% gl...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Ooi LG,Goldhill DR,Griffiths A,Smith C

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The electroencephalogram (EEG) was monitored through all phases of enflurane anaesthesia in dental outpatients with a history of cerebral convulsions which had been well controlled with anticonvulsant drugs. Abnormal EEG activity which differed from the background activity was observed in three patients. Their case re...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Yamashiro M,Sumitomo M,Furuya H

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent research has shown that high-frequency, gamma-band electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations (40-60 Hz) may be an important marker of the conscious state. We compared the ability of the bispectral index (BIS) to distinguish the awake and anaesthetized states during the induction of general anaesthesia with: (i...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Sleigh JW,Steyn-Ross DA,Steyn-Ross ML,Williams ML,Smith P

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The significance of IgE antibodies to neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA)-induced anaphylactic reactions during anaesthesia is unclear. We investigated the relevance of IgE to rocuronium using an in vitro technique. METHODS:Serum samples from 61 patients with anaphylactic reactions during anaesthesia were i...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Aalberse RC,Kleine Budde I,Mulder M,Stapel SO,Paulij W,Leynadier F,Hollmann MW

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is little advice on the posture to be used when intubating the trachea. Does the stance used depend on experience? METHODS:Twenty-six subjects with varying experience of intubation were photographed during laryngoscopy of an intubation training mannequin. Posture was measured from the photographs and ...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Walker JD

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Priming during anaesthesia has been hard to replicate and the conditions under which it occurs remain poorly understood. We replicated and extended a recent study to determine whether intraoperative priming during propofol and nitrous oxide anaesthesia is a reliable phenomenon, whether it occurs due to aware...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Deeprose C,Andrade J,Harrison D,Edwards N

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied in eight rabbits the cardiovascular effects of midazolam, propofol and alfentanil with graded hypoxia. Central blood volume was reduced progressively by gradual inflation of a thoracic vena cava cuff so that cardiac index (CI) decreased at a constant rate. Under control conditions the haemodynamic resp...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Blake DW,Van Leeuwen AF,Petring OU,Ludbrook J,Ventura S

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Handover of anaesthesia patient care during surgery is common; however, its association with patient outcome is unclear. This systematic review aimed to assess the impact of anaesthesia handover during surgery on patient outcome. METHODS:All prospective and retrospective clinical studies specifically invest...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Boet S,Djokhdem H,Leir SA,Théberge I,Mansour F,Etherington N

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effect of tropisetron, a 5-HT3-receptor antagonist, on postoperative nausea, vomiting and pain in 54 patients, aged 50-83 yr, after major hip or knee surgery. The patients were given subarachnoid injection of plain 0.5% bupivacaine, mixed with preservative-free morphine 0.3 mg, for surgical and pos...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Pitkänen MT,Niemi L,Tuominen MK,Rosenberg PH

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The inhibitory effect of anaesthetic agents on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction may depend upon their dose, especially when using a volatile agent. The aim of this randomized open study was to compare the effects of sevoflurane and propofol, as primary anaesthetic agents, on oxygenation during one-lung ven...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Pruszkowski O,Dalibon N,Moutafis M,Jugan E,Law-Koune JD,Laloë PA,Fischler M

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was designed to investigate if propofol produced cardiovascular effects by direct actions or by indirect actions secondary to depression of the central nervous system. Experiments were performed on chloralose anaesthetized dogs in which all neurogenic cardiovascular reflexes were abolished by bilateral vago...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Goodchild CS,Serrao JM

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twelve hydrocephalic patients undergoing hydrodynamic studies and shunt procedures during general anaesthesia were subjected to short term observations of the cerebrovascular effects of isoflurane. Intraventricular pressure (IVP), arterial pressure (AP); cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP = AP-IVP), end-tidal PCO2, Cere...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Lundar T,Lindegaard KF,Refsum L,Rian R,Nornes H

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A randomized, double-blind study of 38 patients undergoing total knee replacement was undertaken to compare the efficacy and respiratory effects of low-dose spinal morphine and patient-controlled i.v. morphine against patient-controlled i.v. morphine alone. Patients received either morphine 0.3 mg or saline 0.3 ml wit...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Cole PJ,Craske DA,Wheatley RG

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In regional anaesthesia, there is a risk of direct nerve injury. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the diameter of the applied needle is associated with the magnitude of nerve injury after needle nerve perforation. METHODS:In five anaesthetized pigs, the brachial plexus were exposed bilater...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Steinfeldt T,Nimphius W,Werner T,Vassiliou T,Kill C,Karakas E,Wulf H,Graf J

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the use of intra-vas deferens local anaesthesia in 70 patients undergoing vasectomy as day-case patients. Patients were allocated randomly to either a control or treatment group. In the treatment group, 0.5% bupivacaine 1 ml or 0.9% saline 1 ml was injected into the lumen of the right or left vas defer...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Paxton LD,Huss BK,Loughlin V,Mirakhur RK

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The analgesic effects of an identical inguinal field block, performed before or immediately after inguinal herniorrhaphy, were evaluated in 32 healthy patients in a double-blind, randomized study. During surgery, all patients received a light general anaesthesia with thiopentone, alfentanil and nitrous oxide in oxygen...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Dierking GW,Dahl JB,Kanstrup J,Dahl A,Kehlet H

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine if improved postoperative recovery in surgical inpatients receiving intraoperative therapeutic suggestions are applicable in an outpatient population, 70 consenting, unpremedicated adults undergoing elective outpatient hernia repair under general anaesthesia were allocated randomly to either a therapeutic...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Lebovits AH,Twersky R,McEwan B

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro experiments on the rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparation, stimulated directly or indirectly with supramaximal impulses at 0.1 Hz revealed that pethidine in concentrations greater than 5 micrograms ml-1 caused a rapid increase of the twitch. This was maximal (60% increase during direct and 70% increase d...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Boros M,Chaudhry IA,Nagashima H,Duncalf RM,Sherman EH,Foldes FF

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human error poses significant risk for hospitalized patients causing an estimated 100,000 to 400,000 deaths in the USA annually. Medication errors contribute, with error occurring in 5.3% of medication administrations during surgery. In this study 70.3% of medication errors were deemed preventable. Given the paucity o...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Wahr JA,Abernathy JH 3rd,Lazarra EH,Keebler JR,Wall MH,Lynch I,Wolfe R,Cooper RL

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of Org NC 45 and pancuronium bromide on heart rate and arterial pressure were studied in anaesthetized man. A bolus of either Org NC 45 0.1 mg kg-1 or pancuronium 0.1 mg kg-1 was administered to lightly anaesthetized unstimulated subjects. Following Org NC 45 heart rate decreased in the majority of subject...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Barnes PK,Smith GB,White WD,Tennant R

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effects of bilateral ilioinguinal nerve block and wound infiltration with 0.5% bupivacaine on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in 62 patients undergoing Caesarean section under general anaesthesia. A control group received no local anaesthetic supplementation. Both ilioinguinal block a...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Ganta R,Samra SK,Maddineni VR,Furness G

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Atelectasis is known to develop during anaesthesia and after operation atelectasis leads to impaired oxygenation. Lung recruitment manoeuvres, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) have been proposed for reduction of atelectasis but their benefits have not be...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Lumb AB,Greenhill SJ,Simpson MP,Stewart J

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00