Abstract：
:Parturition is initiated in sheep by an increase in the activity of the fetal hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Prostaglandins, known to augment the activity of this endocrine axis, have long been proposed as involved in the initiation of paturition. We have previously demonstrated that endogenously produced prostanoids augment the activity of the HPA axis, and we have proposed that the increased production of prostanoids within the fetal brain or pituitary at the end of gestation might be involved in the initiation of parturition. An important regulatory step in the biosynthesis of prostanoids is the activity of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGHS). The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the abundance of one or both isoforms of PGHS (PGHS-1 and PGHS-2) increase in brain and/or pituitary at the end of gestation. We used immunoblot analysis to measure the abundance of immunoreactive PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 in pituitary, hypothalamus and brainstem collected from fetuses of known gestational ages. We found that the abundance of PGHS-1 was weakly but significantly increased at the end of gestation in the pituitary and brainstem. The abundance of PGHS-2, on the other hand, increased exponentially in the pituitary and hypothalamus with highest concentrations found in term fetuses. We conclude that these enzymes are developmentally regulated in pituitary and in brain regions important for HPA axis control. We speculate that the increased enzyme's abundance results in increased prostanoid biosynthesis near term, and is a link in the chain of events which initiates parturition.
journal_name
Neuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Neuroendocrinologyauthors
Deauseault D,Giroux D,Wood CEdoi
10.1159/000054548subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-05-01 00:00:00pages
287-91issue
5eissn
0028-3835issn
1423-0194pii
54548journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The studies reported in this paper were undertaken to investigate the effect of chronic (10 day) alcohol consumption on female pituitary-gonadal function. The immature female rat model treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) was used since it results in a highly reproducible luteinizing hormone (LH) surge...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000124834
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interactions between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system and melatonin secretion have been demonstrated, but only the effects of melatonin on the activity of the HPA system have been studied in man. Alterations of melatonin secretion described as low-melatonin syndrome have been demonstrated in pati...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1159/000127186
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies indicate that 7 days after testicular administration of naloxone, serum testosterone (T) concentration and basal T secretion in vitro decrease significantly. In neonatal rats, short-term (2 h) intratesticular treatment with 0.3 micrograms (D-Met2-Pro5)-enkephalinamide suppresses steroidogenesis. In th...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000126242
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a prolactin (PRL)-releasing factor, has been shown to be synthesized within the anterior pituitary. To test the hypothesis that estrogens increase PRL secretion, at least in part, by stimulating VIP secretion, the concentrations of VIP, peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) and prepro...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000125622
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In man and other mammals, starvation is accompanied by a severe suppression of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and luteinizing-hormone (LH) secretion, which is caused by unknown alterations in hypothalamic functions. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), endorphins and testosterone (T) are know to be strongly involved...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000124034
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The modulatory actions of ovarian steroids on the norepinephrine (NE) induced alterations in luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion were examined in male and female rats. Long-term (4 weeks) castrated male and female rats bearing chronic third-ventricle cannulae were implanted with intra-atrial catheters. Animals were ble...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000124581
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have suggested that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the hypothalamus plays a tonic inhibitory role in the control of the luteinizing hormone (LH) release in intact male rats. To assess whether feedback from the testis alters the inhibitory GABAergic tone in the medial preoptic area (MPO) of male rats, an in vivo ...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000066625
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of linear (L) or cyclic (C) somatostatin (SRIF) on the release of growth hormone (GH) as measured both by bioassay and by radioimmunoassay (RIA) were studied in a series of incubation experiments with rat adenohypophyses. Although both forms of SRIF inhibited release of RIA-GH in all experiments, only C-SR...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123204
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Stress exacerbates neuron loss in many CNS injuries via the actions of adrenal glucocorticoid (GC) hormones. For some injuries, this GC endangerment of neurons is accompanied by greater immune cell activation in the CNS, a surprising outcome given the potent immunosuppressive properties of GCs. METHODS...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000367849
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) colocalizes within gonadotropin-releasing-hormone (GnRH)-containing neurons in adult hypothalamus and could play a role in the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary axis in adults. To support the possibility that DSIP also participates in fetal neuroendocrine events and to demonstrat...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000126098
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We determined the effect of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) on synthesis and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) induced by drugs which activate intracellular signal transduction mechanisms in rat anterior pituitary cells. Cells were pretreated with E2 (6 x 10(-10) M) or diluent for 24 h, then washed and incubated for 4 h with...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000125405
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In pituitary cells, c-fos transcription induced by releasing hormones and growth factors results from enhanced initiation of transcription, and sustained elongation of transcripts beyond the first intron. We studied the regulatory role of the first intron of the mouse c-fos gene for the control of its transcription in...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000054606
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to evaluate the possible participation of the hypothalamic excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter systems in the GnRH release response to GABAergic drugs, hypothalami (preoptic and mediobasal area) of immature (26 days of age) and adult male rats were perifused with GABA-A and -B agonists and a...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000127133
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous studies on annexin 5, a member of the annexin family of proteins, have shown its expression in the anterior pituitary gland, its preferential distribution in gonadotropes, and its increase after ovariectomy. In the present study, we examined (1) whether annexin 5 is synthesized in gonadotropes, (2) whethe...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000048216
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Central or systemic administration of morphine disrupts maternal behavior in steroid-primed, pup-induced virgin and lactating rats. Morphine, the prototypical mu agonist, also interacts with different opioid receptor subtypes. The present study examined the effectiveness of five receptor-selective agonists, in additio...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000125762
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of dopamine receptor antagonists to stimulate prolactin release in rats with medial basal hypothalamic lesions was investigated. Starting levels of prolactin were elevated to approximately 400 ng/ml in animals in which the tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons were completely destroyed by the lesion. In ...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123188
更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between concentrations of vasopressin in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was examined under basal and hypoxic conditions in unanesthetized and unrestrained adult female sheep. Under basal conditions mean (+/- SE) concentration of vasopressin (4.1 +/- 0.3 pg/ml) in CSF was significantly (p less th...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123933
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypothalamic peptide kisspeptin (metastin), the endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor KISS1R, plays a critical role in controlling GnRH release from hypothalamic GnRH neurons and thereby regulates hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal functions. Although the therapeutic potential of kisspeptin is attractive...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1159/000357809
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of angiotensin II (AII) on plasma prolactin (PRL) concentrations was evaluated in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys which had been conditioned to chair restraining. Intracerebro-ventricular (i.v.t.) microinjections of AII increased PRL plasma levels in a dose-dependent manner. PRL values peaked at 10 min after ...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123389
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sheep exhibits a marked sex difference in the timing of the pubertal increase in luteinizing hormone (LH). Male lambs undergo a reduction in sensitivity to inhibitory steroid feedback, leading to an increase in LH by 10 weeks of age, but females remain hypersensitive until 30 weeks of age. Endogenous opioids suppr...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000126312
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Characteristic increases in neuronal activity coincident with the pulsatile release of luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland have been recorded from electrodes chronically implanted in the medial basal hypothalamus of the rhesus monkey. This electrophysiologic manifestation of the hypothalamic 'pulse generator'...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123988
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual average evoked responses (AERs) to 4 intensities of light were studied in 5 patients with adrenal cortical insufficiency. Patients were tested off all medications, on ACTH while off all medications, and during replacement with carbohydrate-active steroids. Off treatment, when steroid levels were low, AERs were ...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000122452
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and concentrations of monoamines, monoamine metabolites and oxytocin (OT) were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of sheep during late pregnancy, labour, parturition, vaginocervical stimulation, lamb separation and suckling. Concentrations of AChE, 4-hydroxy-3 methoxyphenyl...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000124638
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin, a biologically active amine, is related to carcinoid syndrome in functioning neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Telotristat ethyl is a novel inhibitor of the tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), a key enzyme in the production of serotonin. While its use in patients with carcinoid syndrome and uncontrolled diarrhea unde...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000502200
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diuretic action of two new narcotic antagonists, oxilorphan and butorphanol, was studied in rats heterozygous for hereditary hypothalmic diabetes insipidus. Both drugs caused a prompt increase in urine volume and a decrease in urine osmolality with an associated decrease in urinary ADH excretion. The effects appea...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000122444
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An initial study was performed to ascertain the effects of anisomycin, a reversible inhibitor of protein synthesis, on pulsatile luteinizing hormone (LH) release in adult, ovarietomized (OVX) rats. For this experiment, rats OVX 3-4 weeks earlier were fitted with indwelling atrial cannulae. On the next day (approximate...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000125195
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The feedback effect of systemically administered dexamethasone on basal plasma corticosterone levels and on adrenocortical responses to ether plus skin incision stress were studied in intact rats and in animals with bilateral dorsal or ventral hippocampectomy or fimbria section. It was found that in rats with ventral ...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000122974
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasopressin and oxytocin modulate memory processes which effects are dissociated from the typical peripheral endocrine effects of these neuropeptides. Recently, vasopressin has been implicated in the regulation of body temperature. In view of this, experiments were designed to determine whether the antipyretic effect ...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123554
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the dopamine (DA) receptor antagonist metoclopramide on the plasma thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) levels were studied in 8 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (defined as absence of clinical signs of hypothyroidism with normal thyroid hormone levels, normal or slightly increa...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000124603
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of catecholamines (CA) on hypothalamic somatostatin (HPT-SRIF) was investigated in rats by using several drugs which interfere with brain CA metabolism. Depletion of brain CA stores by alpha-methyl-rho-tyrosine (AMT) increased HPT-SRIF, while augmented brain CA levels following L-dopa administration decr...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123374
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
