Abstract:
:This study investigated the association between biomarkers of fetal exposure to cigarette smoke at the end of pregnancy, cotinine in cord serum and in maternal and newborn urine samples, and quantitative measurement of smoking intake and exposure evaluated by maternal self-reported questionnaire. Study subjects were 429 mothers and their newborns from a hospital in Barcelona, Spain. A questionnaire including smoking habits was completed in the third trimester of pregnancy and on the day of delivery. Cotinine concentration in cord serum was associated with daily exposure to nicotine in nonsmokers and with daily nicotine intake in smokers. The geometric mean of cotinine concentration in cord serum statistically discriminated between newborns from nonexposed and exposed nonsmoking mothers, and between these two classes and smokers, and furthermore was able to differentiate levels of exposure to tobacco smoke and levels of intake stratified in tertiles. Urinary cotinine levels in newborns from nonsmoking mothers exposed to more than 4 mg nicotine daily were statistically different from levels in two other categories of exposure. Cotinine concentration in urine from newborns and from mothers did not differentiate between exposure and nonexposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in nonsmoking mothers. Cord serum cotinine appeared to be the most adequate biomarker of fetal exposure to smoking at the end of pregnancy, distinguishing not only active smoking from passive smoking, but also exposure to ETS from nonexposure.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Pichini S,Basagaña XB,Pacifici R,Garcia O,Puig C,Vall O,Harris J,Zuccaro P,Segura J,Sunyer Jdoi
10.1289/ehp.001081079subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-11-01 00:00:00pages
1079-83issue
11eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924pii
sc271_5_1835journal_volume
108pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Sex-specific associations have been reported between phthalates, bisphenol A (BPA), and child behavior. No data on large study populations are available for other phenols with possible endocrine-disrupting properties. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to study associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and seve...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP1314
更新日期:2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Biological markers of intermediate health outcomes sometimes provide a superior alternative to traditional measures of pollutant-related disease. Some opportunities and methodologic issues associated with using markers are discussed in the context of exposures to four complex mixtures: environmental tobacco smoke and ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.93101s4193
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concern about apparent increases in the prevalence of hypospadias--a congenital male reproductive-tract abnormality--in the 1960s to 1980s and the possible connection to increasing exposures to endocrine-disrupting chemicals have underlined the importance of effective surveillance of hypospadias prevalence in the popu...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.6398
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides is an occupational hazard for farmworkers and affects their children through the take-home pathway. OBJECTIVES:We examined the effectiveness of a randomized community intervention to reduce pesticide exposure among farmworkers and their children. METHODS:We condu...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1289/ehp.10882
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread, low-level environmental pollutants associated with adverse health effects such as immune suppression and teratogenicity. There is increasing evidence that some PCB compounds are capable of disrupting reproductive and endocrine function in fish, birds, and mammals, inclu...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102780
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed and applied a new measurement methodology to investigate dermal absorption of chloroform while bathing. Ten subjects bathed in chlorinated water while breathing pure air through a face mask. Their exhaled breath was delivered to a glow discharge source/ion trap mass spectrometer for continuous real-t...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106337
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The presence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments and in drinking water has prompted significant public interest regarding potential adverse ecological effects and risks to human health. OBJECTIVES:The Environmental Health Summit held in North Carolina, 10-11 November 2008, explored the issues associa...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.0901532
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been associated with increased risk of various forms of cancer and of noncancerous diseases. Metabolic conversions of iAs that yield highly toxic and genotoxic methylarsonite (MAsIII) and dimethylarsinite (DMAsIII) may play a significant role in determining the extent an...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7519
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Droplets of toluene and three chlorinated organics, ortho-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, and trichloroethylene, were pyrolyzed in pure nitrogen. The composition and bacterial mutagenicity of the product tars were measured. The presence of organic chlorine was found to affect both pyrolysis product tar compositio...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s1283
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8670239
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1289/EHP1612
更新日期:2017-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::According to current data, the capacity to cause nonprogrammed or unscheduled cell proliferation in target tissues, a common characteristic of chemical carcinogens, may play a more important role in the development of tumors than does genotoxicity. This paper provides strong support for the validity of this conclusion...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.9610440
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a study to examine seasonal changes in residential dust lead content and its relationship to blood lead in preschool children. We collected blood and dust samples (floors, windowsills, and carpets) to assess lead exposure. The geometric mean blood lead concentrations are 10.77 and 7.66 microg/dL for the d...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.00108177
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecologic disorder in women of reproductive age. Previous studies have found an association between current cigarette smoking and prevalence of dysmenorrhea. This study investigated the association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and the occurrence of dysmenorrhea among...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.001081019
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effect of indoor nitrogen dioxide concentrations on asthma morbidity among inner-city preschool children is uncertain. OBJECTIVES:Our goal was to estimate the effect of indoor NO2 concentrations on asthma morbidity in an inner-city population while adjusting for other indoor pollutants. METHODS:We recr...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11349
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are commonly used in the United States, and farmworkers are at risk for chronic exposure. Using a sample of 218 farmworkers in 24 communities and labor camps in eastern Washington State, we examined the association between agricultural crop and OP pesticide metabolite concentrations in ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8620
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flavone and isoflavone phytoestrogens are plant chemicals and are known to be competitive inhibitors of cytochrome P450 aromatase with respect to the androgen substrate. Aromatase is the enzyme that converts androgen to estrogen; therefore, these plant chemicals are thought to be capable of modifying the estrogen leve...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9810685
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the last three decades, the use of modern organic synthetic pesticides has increased about 40-fold. Total U.S. production, for domestic and expert use, in 1976 was about 1.4 million pounds. Crops receiving the most intensive application of various pesticides were cotton for insecticides, corn for herbicides, an...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7827103
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The problem of byssinosis has plagued cotton textile mills for hundreds of years, and it is still a problem today. With the regulations on airborne raw cotton dust set by OSHA and the ACGIH, research regarding the measurement of cotton dust in lint fiber is a necessity. A procedure known as the mass concentration part...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8666167
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent investigations have demonstrated the ability of leukocytes to metabolize promutagens or procarcinogens into their genotoxic forms. As a possible explanation for the association between inflammation and cancer, we and others have hypothesized that local accumulations of leukocytes could take up nearby promutagen...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.93101s327
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an earlier study we established that timely and adequate tissue repair response following the administration of a six-fold dose-range of thioacetamide (TA; 50, 150, and 300 mg/kg) prevented progression of injury and led to recovery and animal survival. Delayed and attenuated repair response after the 600 mg/kg TA d...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.96104744
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A subset of workers was followed after exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, and furans in an occupational medicine clinic setting. Patterns of PCBs found in adipose tissue resembled the pattern seen when soot from the incident or Aroclor 1254 was examined by GC-MS. Adipose tissue also revealed levels...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8560241
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we investigated the potential impact of climate change in Portugal on heat-related mortality, air pollution-related health effects, and selected vectorborne diseases. The assessment used climate scenarios from two regional climate models for a range of future time periods. The annual heat-related death r...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8431
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Global climate change is anticipated to reduce future cereal yields and threaten food security, thus potentially increasing the risk of undernutrition. The causation of undernutrition is complex, and there is a need to develop models that better quantify the potential impacts of climate change on population ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1003311
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent increases have been reported in industrial countries for several sites of cancer. The causes of these increases remain unknown. Efforts should proceed to identify those occupational groups with increases in the same sites, as these may indicate relevant exposures. Two analyses were undertaken: trends in cancer ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1289/ehp.9310039
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure to air pollution has been associated with higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, suggesting an inflammatory response. Not much is known about this association in pregnancy. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the associations of air pollution exposure during pregnancy with maternal and fetal CRP levels in ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1104345
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the results of a coordinated mitigation effort aimed at reducing arsenic (As) exposure in three counties of Guizhou province, China. Mitigation occurred in 2005 and encompassed 21 villages with 47,000 inhabitants, who were exposed to high levels of As in their diet through consumption of As-contaminated chil...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9273
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of mycotoxins in grains is well documented. Workers in grain handling occupations are commonly exposed to grain dust aerosols. Work in our laboratory has shown that T-2 toxin is highly toxic to rat alveolar macrophages in vitro, causing loss of viability, release of radiolabeled chromium, inhibition of ma...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.866645
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research often suffers from overspecialization, a practice nurtured in academia and reinforced by funders. Indeed, investigators in household air pollution (HAP) and water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH), working in poor parts of the world, rarely interact despite having similar training and using similar met...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP4752
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Traffic noise affects a large number of people, particularly in urbanized areas. Noise causes stress and annoyance, but less is known about the relationship between noise and depression. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the association of residential road traffic noise with depressive symptoms using 5-year follow-...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1409400
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00