Abstract:
:It is generally accepted that cancer is caused by environmental and inherited factors but these are only partially identified. Family studies can be informative but they do not separate shared lifestyles and genes. We estimate familial risks for concordant cancers between spouses in common cancers of both sexes in order to quantify cancer risks from the shared environment. The risks are compared to those seen between parents and offspring in order to estimate the inherited component. The nation-wide Family-Cancer Database was used as the source of family and cancer data. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for concordant cancer in offspring by parental cancer and in spouses. Among the 23 cancer sites considered, all but two showed an increased SIR for offspring by father or mother. Only two sites, stomach and lung, showed an increase in SIR of concordant cancer among spouses. Additionally, pancreatic cancer and melanoma were increased in couples where at least one spouse was diagnosed before age 50. If both spouses presented melanoma before age 40, SIR was 3.82 for husbands. SIRs of colon, renal, and skin (squamous cell) cancers were unchanged by spouses' concordant cancer. Shared lifestyle among spouses seems to explain only a small proportion of cancer susceptibility. Because lifestyles are likely to differ more between parents and offspring than between spouses, familial cancer risks between parents and offspring are likely to be more due to heritable rather than environmental effects.
journal_name
Genet Epidemioljournal_title
Genetic epidemiologyauthors
Hemminki K,Dong C,Vaittinen Pdoi
10.1002/1098-2272(200102)20:2<247::AID-GEPI7>3.0.Csubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-02-01 00:00:00pages
247-57issue
2eissn
0741-0395issn
1098-2272pii
10.1002/1098-2272(200102)20:2<247::AID-GEPI7>3.0.Cjournal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Association analysis has led to the identification of many genetic variants for complex diseases. While assessing the association between genes and a disease, other factors can play an important role. The consequence of not considering covariates (such as population stratification and environmental factors) is well-do...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.20558
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our goal was to detect genes contributing to the P300 component of the event related potential (ERP). We found that all of the ERP traits were highly correlated. Most of them distinguished alcoholics from nonalcoholics. To have one summary variable for the ERP traits, we calculated the first principal component (PRIN1...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1370170728
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heritability of most complex traits is driven by variants throughout the genome. Consequently, polygenic risk scores, which combine information on multiple variants genome-wide, have demonstrated improved accuracy in genetic risk prediction. We present a new two-step approach to constructing genome-wide polygenic ...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.22245
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regressive models that incorporate measured variables and assumed genetic parameters were used to detect interactions between gene, research site, and environmental variables in GAW11 Problem 2. Replicates 1 to 5 were used in the analyses. Significant three-way gene x environment x site interactions were seen for all ...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.13701707118
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smalley et al. [(1992) Genet Epidemiol 9:333-345] found evidence of a mixture of two distributions in memory performance among offspring of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), suggesting that these groups reflect genotypic subgroups of carriers and non-carriers of a putative DAT gene. One prediction of...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1370110506
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigate the relevance of the genetic determination of bone mineral density (BMD) variation to that of differential risk to osteoporotic fractures (OF). The high heritability (h(2)) of BMD and the significant phenotypic correlations between high BMD and low risk to OF are well known. Little is reported on h(2) f...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1040
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variance component linkage analysis is commonly used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in general pedigrees. Large pedigrees are especially attractive for these studies because they provide greater power per genotyped individual than small pedigrees. We propose accurate and computationally efficient methods to cal...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.20160
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various statistical methods have been proposed to evaluate associations between measured genetic variants and disease, including some using family designs. For breast cancer and rare variants, we applied a modified segregation analysis method that uses the population cancer incidence and population-based case families...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.10222
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the genotyped-proband design, a proband is selected based on an observed phenotype, the genotype of the proband is observed, and then the phenotypes of all first-degree relatives are obtained. The genotypes of these first-degree relatives are not observed. Gail et al. [(1999) Genet Epidemiol] discuss likelihood ana...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2272(200004)18:4<293::AID-GEPI3
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic epidemiology is a relatively new discipline that seeks to unravel the role of genetic factors and their interactions with environmental factors in the etiology of diseases, using population and family study approaches. To characterize the overall direction and emphasis of research strategies used in this field...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1370100505
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many clinical studies in cancer, germline DNA is prospectively collected for the purpose of discovering or validating single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with clinical outcomes. The primary clinical endpoint for many of these studies are time-to-event outcomes such as time of death or disease progres...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.21645
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We set out to apply conventional analytic methods to a GAW data set of nuclear families with an oligogenic disease that has a population prevalence of 0.023. We chose methods generally applied to disorders with at least one major gene. Our approaches included: 1) complex segregation analysis under two models of ascert...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1370120613
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genes with imprinting (parent-of-origin) effects express differently when inheriting from the mother or from the father. Some genes for development and behavior in mammals are known to be imprinted. We developed parametric linkage analysis that accounts for imprinting effects for continuous traits, implementing it in ...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.20321
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this paper is to generalize permutation methods for multiple testing adjustment of significant partial regression coefficients in a linear regression model used for microarray data. Using a permutation method outlined by Anderson and Legendre [1999] and the permutation P-value adjustment from Simon et al. [...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.20255
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is described for estimating excess relative risks of a disease from familial factors. Beginning with population-based series of cases and controls, a cohort of each subject's relatives is formed and checked for disease against a population based registry. The disease experience of the cohort formed from each ...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1370120306
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complex diseases are presumed to be the results of interactions of several genes and environmental factors, with each gene only having a small effect on the disease. Thus, the methods that can account for gene-gene interactions to search for a set of marker loci in different genes or across genome and to analyze these...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.20304
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Testing for association between two random vectors is a common and important task in many fields, however, existing tests, such as Escoufier's RV test, are suitable only for low-dimensional data, not for high-dimensional data. In moderate to high dimensions, it is necessary to consider sparse signals, which are often ...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.22059
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Linkage disequilibrium mapping of quantitative traits is a powerful method for dissecting the genetic etiology of complex phenotypes. Quantitative traits, however, often exhibit characteristics that make their use problematic. For example, the distribution of the trait may be censored, highly skewed, or contaminated w...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.20141
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genome-wide association studies are proven tools for finding disease genes, but it is often necessary to combine many cohorts into a meta-analysis to detect statistically significant genetic effects. Often the component studies are performed by different investigators on different populations, using different chips wi...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.21949
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We combined the five chromosome 18 bipolar affective disorder data sets provided by GAW10, totaling 185 families with 3,394 individuals, and performed analysis of differential parental transmission and chromosome 18 marker allele sharing in families with transmission through fathers vs those through mothers. Results i...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2272(1997)14:6<665::AID-GEPI19>
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that collections of affected sib pairs, or their nuclear families, may be an efficient method for screening for genetic linkages in schizophrenia. We present the data collected in five years from 15 hospitals in the state of Maryland in an effort to determine if such a collection scheme will be f...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1370060604
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To date, thousands of genetic variants to be associated with numerous human traits and diseases have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The GWASs focus on testing the association between single trait and genetic variants. However, the analysis of multiple traits and single nucleotide polymorph...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.22330
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in the molecular basis of body fat regulation have identified several genes in which genetic variation may influence obesity and related measures in human populations. Genes that have been shown to have a regulatory function in the control of body fat utilization, eating behavior, and/or metabolic rate...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2272(1999)16:4<397::AID-GEPI6>3
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are a method to summarize the additive trait variance captured by a set of SNPs, and can increase the power of set-based analyses by leveraging public genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets. PRS aims to assess the genetic liability to some phenotype on the basis of polygenic risk fo...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.22117
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed the GAW11 data on alcoholism provided by the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) using an extension of a new test of linkage and association for quantitative traits developed by George et al. [1999]. This method determines linkage between marker loci and quantitative traits, when allel...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1370170758
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying gene-environment (G-E) interactions can contribute to a better understanding of disease etiology, which may help researchers develop disease prevention strategies and interventions. One big criticism of studying G-E interaction is the lack of power due to sample size. Studies often restrict the interaction...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.22043
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kin-cohort design can be used to study the effect of a genetic mutation on the risk of multiple events, using the same study. In this design, the outcome data consist of the event history of the relatives of a sample of genotyped subjects. Existing methods for kin-cohort estimation allow estimation of the risk of one ...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.10269
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mixed model of segregation analysis specifies major gene effects and partitions the residual variance into polygenic and environmental components. The model explains familial correlations essentially in terms of genetic causation. The regressive model, on the other hand, is constructed by successively conditioning...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1370060505
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol dependence often is a familial disorder and has a genetic component. Research in causative factors of alcoholism is coordinated by a multi-center program, COGA [The Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism, Begleiter et al., 1995]. We analyzed a subset of the COGA family sample, 84 pedigrees of Caucas...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.1370170768
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In case-control genetic association studies, the robust procedure, Pearson's Chi-square test, is commonly used for testing association between disease status and genetic markers. However, this test does not take the possible trend of relative risks, which are due to genotype, into account. On the contrary, although Co...
journal_title:Genetic epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/gepi.20615
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00