Abstract：
:Bioterrorism includes possible use of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD), preferably biological agents, by non-state terrorist groups as well as criminal clusters. The threat from terrorists to utilize biological agents to achieve goals is not new, but the threshold to realize the threats seems to be lower than previously expected. It can be argued that as targets for bioterrorism Sweden and Europe are less likely than is the U.S. However, with the collapse of the former Soviet Union heavy mafia-based groups have emerged in Russia with the intent to obtain and trade material and utilities for the creation of WMD. Such activities are reaching far beyond the borders and can thus be found in Sweden as well as the other countries of Europe. This together with the fact that groups of different shades of political opinion can come in open conflict in the most unexpected countries of Europe have given bioterrorism a face in Sweden, as well as in the rest of Europe.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Sandström Gsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-01-01 00:00:00pages
112-6eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
916pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The xynA gene encoding a major xylanase of Clostridium stercorarium F-9 was sequenced. The structural gene consists of an open reading frame of 1533 bp encoding a protein of 511 amino acids with an M(r) of 56,519. XynA consists of a catalytic domain belonging to family G at the NH2-terminus and two direct repeats of a...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb40565.x
更新日期：1996-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac development is characterized by a complex interplay of chemical, mechanical, and electrical forces, which together contribute to the proper formation of the heart muscle. In adult myocardium, cardiomyocytes are elongated, well-coupled by gap junctions, and organized in spatially well-defined muscle fibers. Thi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05077.x
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated Ca2+ clearance mechanisms (CCMs) at the axon terminals of mammalian central neurons: neurohypophysial (NHP) axon terminals and calyces of Held. Ca2+ transients were evoked by applying a short depolarization pulse via a patch pipette containing Ca2+ indicator dye. Quantitative analysis of the Ca2+ decay...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1387.011
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An increasing amount of evidences suggests that galanin plays an important role in the regulation of reproduction in the rat. Galanin is colocalized with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) in a subset of LHRH neurons, and the pattern of coexpression is sexually dimorphic, with a higher incidence of colocaliz...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10694.x
更新日期：1998-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:With the demographic aging of populations worldwide, diseases associated with aging are becoming more prevalent and costly to individuals, families, and healthcare systems. Among aging-related impairments, a decline in cognitive function is of particular concern, as it erodes memory and processing abilities and eventu...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.13062
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulating evidence indicates that regulatory T cells play a crucial role in preventing autoimmunity. To examine the processes by which regulatory CD4(+) T cells are produced during immune repertoire formation, we have developed transgenic mice that express the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and coexpress major ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1309.028
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major source of pain and disability worldwide with no effective medical therapy due to poor understanding of its pathogenesis. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) has been reported to play a role in subchondral bone pathology and articular cartilage degeneration during the progression of OA. ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/nyas.13000
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbonic anhydrase is abundantly distributed in renal tissue and functions, as in other epithelia, to catalyze the hydration-dehydration reaction of CO2. The proximal tubule is responsible for at least 80% of whole kidney bicarbonate transport and is mediated by proton secretion. Membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase appe...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb12382.x
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Basal phagocytosis of neutrophils, a crucial component of non-specific immunity, is an eminently circadian parameter. In mice and rats, rates of phagocytosis peak in the second half of the dark span. A lipopolysaccharide-induced phagocytic response challenged in this period appears the most significant in amplitude an...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1356.032
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current evidence from genetic and epidemiological studies supports the view that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous disorder. While the disease is pathologically defined by the presence of specified lesions in form of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles within the parenchyma, other features of patholo...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48490.x
更新日期：1997-09-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The current status of gene transfer experiments indicates that it is possible to provide (1) safe and efficient retroviral packaging lines for gene transfer; and (2) vectors containing the human beta-globin genes and selectable marker genes which can be transmitted into erythroid cells and are appropriately expressed....
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb24147.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Familial glucocorticoid resistance (FGR) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by hypercortisolism and the absence of stigmata of Cushing's syndrome. The inability of glucocorticoids to exert their effects on target tissues is compensated for by increases in circulating corticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol, the for...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb39257.x
更新日期：1994-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Since NTS neurons receive synaptic input from many sensory modalities, it is crucial to understand the neuronal mechanisms involved in synaptic processing. We have proposed that GABA-containing neurons in the NTS are the primary target for somatic afferent fibers activated by skeletal muscle contraction. In our model,...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review outlines the scientific rationale supporting the potential use of deep-brain electrical stimulation (DBS) in the central thalamus as a method to improve behavioral responsiveness following severe brain injury. Neurons within the central thalamus are selectively vulnerable to disconnection and dysfunction f...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.04123.x
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rapid (IKr) and slow (IKs) delayed rectifier K+ currents are key regulators of cardiac repolarization. HERG encodes the Kr channel, and KVLQT1 and hminK encode subunits that coassemble to form Ks channels. Mutations in any one of these genes cause Romano-Ward syndrome, an autosomal dominant form of long QT syndrom...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb11302.x
更新日期：1999-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotine has been found to improve memory performance in a variety of tests in rats, monkeys, and humans. Interactions of nicotinic systems with dopamine (DA) systems may be important for this effect. We conducted a series of studies of nicotinic agonist and antagonist interactions with DA systems using rats in a win-...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb17481.x
更新日期：1995-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual motion is sensed by low-level (energy-based) and high-level (feature-based) mechanisms. Our interest is in the motion detectors underlying the initial ocular following responses (OFR) that are elicited at ultrashort latencies by sudden motions of large images. OFR were elicited in humans by applying horizontal ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1325.025
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organisms minimize genetic damage through complex pathways of DNA repair. Yet a gene family--the AID/APOBECs--has evolved in vertebrates with the sole purpose of producing targeted damage in DNA/RNA molecules through cytosine deamination. They likely originated from deaminases involved in A>I editing in tRNAs. AID, th...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06614.x
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene expression regulation, in particular at the level of transcription, has been demonstrated to play a key role in the development of human diseases, including cancer, and in bacteria it is crucial for proliferation as well as for pathogenicity. Transcriptional regulation is based on complex networks of interactions...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1430.023
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogen has clearly been shown to decrease bone loss and frequency of osteoporotic fractures. Calcitonin has been shown in several studies to reduce the rate of bone loss, although no data are yet available demonstrating a reduction in fracture frequency. Studies of osteoporosis intrinsically assume that prevention o...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb30343.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:First we remind general considerations concerning biodiversity on earth and particularly the loss of genetic biodiversity that seems irreversible whether its origin is directly or indirectly linked to human activities. Urgent and considerable efforts must be made from now on to cataloge, understand, preserve, and enha...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1373.001
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I2-imidazoline receptors (I2-IR) are characterized by their high affinity for imidazolines and guanidines and medium affinity for imidazolidines. The differential recognition of I2-IR by amiloride led to subtype these sites as amiloride-sensitive (I2A-IR) and amiloride-insensitive (I2B-IR). I2-IR labeled with [3H]idaz...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09354.x
更新日期：1999-06-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Birds, the most species-rich monophyletic group of land vertebrates, have been subject to some of the most intense sequencing efforts to date, making them an ideal case study for recent developments in genomics research. Here, we review how our understanding of bird genomes has changed with the recent sequencing of mo...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.13295
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels represents the final step in the transduction pathways in both vision and olfaction. Over the past several years, CNG channels have been found in a variety of other cell types where they might fulfill various physiological functions. The olfactory and photoreceptor ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb11352.x
更新日期：1999-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased incidence of vascular disease, and oxidative stress is recognized as an important feature in this condition, despite the underlying mechanisms not being fully understood. In these patients, an interaction between lipoproteins and the immune system has ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1422.016
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite short halflife in biological fluids, nitric oxide (NO) can produce remote or long lasting effect in the cardiovascular system. Long distance transport or local storage of NO might explain these effects. In blood, recent findings suggest that in addition to being a major consumption pathway, interaction of NO w...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04063.x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endometrium, as a target of estrogens and progestins, possesses the respective receptor proteins. These receptors belong to the superfamily of nuclear receptors, having important functional domains required for steroid ligand binding, for dimer formation, for interaction with HREs of DNA, for transcription modulat...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52134.x
更新日期：1997-06-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Comprehensive data mining of the scientific literature has become an increasing challenge. To address this challenge, Elsevier's Pathway Studio software uses the techniques of natural language processing to systematically extract specific biological information from journal articles and abstracts that is then used to ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.13270
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of our work was to detect minor loci acting as Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetic markers. We divided 206 AD patients and 186 individuals as controls into six age at onset/age-dependent groups. We studied polymorphisms of the genes of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and its promoter, cathepsin D, butyrylcholinesterase, ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1322.021
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last decade has witnessed a surge in studies on steroid hormones of maternal origin present in avian eggs and affecting offspring development. The value of such studies for the understanding of maternal effects and individual differentiation is endorsed and a series of methodological and conceptual issues in the c...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1343.014
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
