Abstract:
:The hypothesis that blood biochemical measurements of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) nutritional status and dietary intakes of these minerals are useful predictors of 100-yd free-style swimming performance during actual competition was examined in five female and five male collegiate swimmers. Dietary intakes of Fe, Cu, Mg, and Zn exceeded 70% of daily recommended or estimated safe and adequate intakes. Anemia was not present but body iron stores, assessed with serum ferritin concentration, were reduced in female swimmers who had significantly increased erythrocyte Mg and superoxide dismutase activity which suggest a biochemical adaptation to physical training. Actual 100-yd freestyle times (53.1 +/- 1.4 sec; mean +/- SE) measured during competition were similar to values (52.6 +/- 1.4 sec) predicted with models previously derived from other groups of swimmers. These findings indicate the important role of mineral nutritional status in facilitating the development of peak physical performance and support the hypothesis that mineral element nutritional status is one factor contributing to attainment of optimal human physiological function.
journal_name
Int J Sports Medjournal_title
International journal of sports medicineauthors
Lukaski HC,Siders WA,Hoverson BS,Gallagher SKdoi
10.1055/s-2007-972891subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-10-01 00:00:00pages
535-40issue
7eissn
0172-4622issn
1439-3964journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Sports influence the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG). The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of physical stress on qualitative male LH secretion. We evaluated the HPG axis at rest and the LH response to a treadmill exercise (90 % of Vdot;O 2 max) in eight trained (running 50 to 70 km/week) and ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2002-33149
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of exercise training on plasma amino acid concentrations at rest and after exercise was examined in a highly trained group of humans and compared with the response of a control group of nontrained healthy humans. After a bout of intense exercise at the same relative work load, the trained group exhibited...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1024908
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aerobic exercise performance decreases upon ascent to altitude whereas anaerobic performance remains unchanged. Although the effects of 1 - 3 wk of altitude acclimatization on both aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance have been well studied, the effects of short-term altitude acclimatization (i.e., 45 h) on thes...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2005-872823
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemoglobin oxygen binding properties and acid-base status were investigated in Colombian athletes (A) and controls (C) from Cali (C-1000 m) and Bogotá (B-2600 m). [Hb] and Hct values were not influenced by altitude, but Hct was lower in the blood of athletes (in Cali 2.6%, in Bogotá 1.4%). Both training and altitude p...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1024755
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared physiological responses associated with exercise tolerance in girls (G) and women (W) of similar fitness and heat acclimatization level during exercise in a hot and humid outdoor environment (33.4 degrees C and 55.1 % RH; WBGT = 29.9 +/- 0.2 degrees C). Nine pre-menarcheal G (age = 11.3 yr) and nin...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2006-923863
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventilatory (anaerobic) threshold during short-term exercise has been defined as the O2 uptake (VO2) immediately below the VO2 at which pulmonary ventilation (VE) increases disproportionally relative to VO2 and the ventilatory threshold for long-term exercise as the VO2 immediately below the VO2 at which the VE co...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025730
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study has attempted to describe the fiber composition and respiratory potential in the leg (gastrocnemius) muscle of highly trained, elite female distance runners. As noted, many of these women were competing successfully in middle-distance (1500-3000 m) rather than long distance (10 km and marathon) events. This...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025714
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the influence of acute resistive exercise and "hormone status" on cytokine profile, 35 postmenopausal women (72 +/- 6.2 yr) underwent a moderate-high-intensity resistive exercise bout or rested. There were 4 groups: no hormone replacement (NHR, n = 9), hormone replacement (HRT, n = 12), selective estrogen r...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-965115
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of a short, supramaximal task of 30 s duration on plasma volume (PV) was tested in 14 female physical education students. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), and osmolality (Osm) were tested pre- and post-exercise. Performance of the exercise test, consisting of 30 s all-out pedaling against a load of 4.4...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1026093
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is not uncommon in childhood and adolescence; vascular and renal causes predominate. Non-pharmacologic therapy, including exercise, may lower blood pressure (BP). There are several articles relating to the use of exercise as a therapy for high BP. Most of these show a beneficial effect. The "dose" of exer...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2000-8497
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the bowel function, fecal hemoglobin (Hb) loss, iron status and diets of 36 women of varying activity levels. In addition, we examined the effect of a marathon race on bowel function and fecal Hb loss in 15 of these women. The subjects were divided into 4 groups based on estimated daily exercise en...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1024663
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ActiPed (FitLinxx) is a uniaxial accelerometer, which objectively measures physical activity, uploads the data wirelessly to a website, allowing participants and researchers to view activity levels remotely. The aim was to validate ActiPed's step count, distance travelled and activity time against direct observati...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1323723
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the hypothesis that more severe damage, caused by controlled lengthening (L) contractions, results in greater myofiber hypertrophy compared to increase in fiber size followed shortening (S) contractions, tibialis anterior muscles of anesthesized male Wistar rats were subjected to 240 either L or S contraction...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2000-8869
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently demonstrated that creatine supplementation increased some features of lung allergic sensitization in mice. On the other hand, other studies have shown that aerobic exercise inhibited allergic airway inflammation and remodeling. We hypothesized that aerobic exercise may decrease the exacerbatory effects of ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1224176
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signs of overuse after intense muscular exertion are well described in adults, while little research has been conducted in children. The aim of the study was to investigate some indirect markers of muscle damage in 13 years old boys following two different protocols of one-leg stepping exercise to exhaustion. This ste...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-2007-971101
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared acute responses of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), cardiac output (Q), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), total peripheral resistance (TPR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during resistance exercise performed continuously and discontinuously. Hemodynamic responses and RPE we...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1549957
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the relationship between ratings of perceived exertion (RPE, CR-10), heart rate (HR), peak blood lactate (La peak), and immersion (IM) parameters in 17 elite synchronized swimmers performing 30 solo and duet routines during competition. All were video recorded (50 Hz) and an observational instrumen...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0033-1353177
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were: to compare energy expenditure (EE) estimated from the existing GT3X accelerometer equations and EE measured with indirect calorimetry; to define new equations for EE estimation with the GT3X in youth, adults and older people; and to define GT3X vector magnitude (VM) cut points allowing to ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0033-1337945
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine whether a player's physical impairment or activity profile was related to the amount of thermal strain experienced during wheelchair rugby match play. 17 elite wheelchair rugby players played a competitive match, whilst activity profiles, measures of core and skin temperature...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0042-121263
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ratio between the amount of hemoglobin in the mature erythrocyte population and the reticulocytes (RBCHb:RetHb ratio) has previously been suggested as a marker to screen for EPO-abuse. We speculated that the reinfusion of blood would lead to a marked increase in this ratio, making it a valuable parameter in the sc...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1105938
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the effect of exercise on the percentage of free plasma estradiol 17-beta (E2) and testosterone (T) in 13 untrained (UT) and 8 trained (marathon runners, MR) eumenorrheic women. All women performed a standardized bicycle ergometer (UT) or treadmill (MR) test in the follicular and luteal phases of their...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025721
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stretching of an activated muscle prior to its shortening enhances its performance during the concentric contraction. This phenomenon has been interpreted to be primarily due to the utilization of elastic energy stored in the series elastic elements of the muscle during the stretch. However, reflex potential has also ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1026076
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leukocytes play a central role in asthma physiopathology. Aerobic training (AT) reduces leukocytes recruitment to the airways, but the effects of AT on some aspects of leukocytes activation in asthma are unknown. Therefore, the effects of 4 weeks of AT on airway inflammation, pulmonary and systemic Th2 cytokines level...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0033-1358477
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims were both to determine lactate and ventilatory threshold during incremental resistance training and to analyze the acute cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses during constant-load resistance exercise at lactate threshold (LT) intensity. Ten healthy men performed 2 protocols on leg press machine. The incre...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1286315
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As people age, they experience a decline in immune responses. Unusually heavy acute or chronic exercise could increase the risk of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) whereas regular moderate physical activity may reduce URTI symptomatology. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether an aerobic exe...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1237389
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The shock-absorbing characteristics of the heel pad in vivo were examined in adults (N = 16) and 7-year-old children (N = 5) using a drop-impact tester (wt = 5 kg). Impact velocities were 0.72 m/s and 0.93 m/s. It was found that in adults the average peak deceleration was 11.6 G at an impact velocity of 0.93 m/s. The ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1021184
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have shown that the 577R allele of α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) is more prevalent in sprint athletes than in the general population or in endurance athletes. We examined the distribution of ACTN3 R577X (rs 1815739) genotypes and alleles in the Taiwanese general population (603) and in elite sprint swimmers who had part...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1263115
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of two 4-week training programs on knee flexor and extensor strength were measured isokinetically (angular velocity 30 degrees, 180 degrees/s) and isometrically in division IV soccer players. Group A followed a team training program and group B an individual weight training program. Group C served as contr...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025829
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of ambient temperature on the salivary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) response to submaximal exercise. Nine adult males (x age +/- SD = 22 +/- 2 yrs) volunteered to perform an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion for the determination of VO2max and three 30-m...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1024722
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed tolerance to fluid ingestion with repeated sessions of drinking while running. Runners (n = 7; age 22 +/- 2 yr; V O (2max) = 54.4 +/- 7.1 ml/kg/min) performed six 90-min runs (65 % V O (2max); separated by 7 - 11 days). During run 1, subjects drank a glucose-electrolyte solution AD LIBITUM for 1 mi...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1038620
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00