Abstract:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) lower serum cholesterol and decrease the incidence of stroke and cardiovascular disease. There is growing evidence that statins exert some of their beneficial effects independent of cholesterol lowering. Indeed, we have previously demonstrated that chronic simvastatin administration upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), resulting in more functional protein, augmentation of cerebral blood flow, and neuroprotection in a murine model of cerebral ischemia. In this report we examined whether another member of the statin family shared these effects and whether eNOS upregulation is sustained with longer treatment. METHODS:Mevastatin (2 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg per day) was administered to 18- to 22-g male mice for 7, 14, or 28 days before 2-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion with the use of the filament model (n=9 to 12). Neurological deficits and cerebral infarct volumes were assessed at 24 hours. Arterial blood pressure and gases, relative cerebral blood flow, and blood cholesterol levels were monitored in a subset of animals (n=5). Absolute cerebral blood flow was measured by the [(14)C]iodoamphetamine indicator fractionation technique (n=6). eNOS mRNA and protein levels were determined. RESULTS:Mevastatin increased levels of eNOS mRNA and protein, reduced infarct size, and improved neurological deficits in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Greatest protection was seen with 14- and 28-day high-dose treatment (26% and 37% infarct reduction, respectively). Cholesterol levels were reduced only after 28 days of treatment and did not correlate with infarct reduction. Baseline absolute cerebral blood flow was 30% higher after 14-day high-dose treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Chronic prophylactic treatment with mevastatin upregulated eNOS and augmented cerebral blood flow. These changes occurred in the absence of changes in serum cholesterol levels, were sustained for up to 1 month of treatment, and resulted in neuroprotection after middle cerebral artery occlusion.
journal_name
Strokejournal_title
Strokeauthors
Amin-Hanjani S,Stagliano NE,Yamada M,Huang PL,Liao JK,Moskowitz MAdoi
10.1161/01.str.32.4.980subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-04-01 00:00:00pages
980-6issue
4eissn
0039-2499issn
1524-4628journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
STROKE文献大全abstract::Using a scintillation camera system, hemispheric and regional cerebral blood flow was measured repeatedly during the course after a stroke. In 20 patients who improved clinically mean hemispheric and regional flow and relative weight of rapidly perfused compartment increased, while these values decreased in 15 patient...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.7.4.399
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Increased cortical microvascularization has been proposed to be a Moyamoya disease (MMD)-specific characteristic. It was the aim of our study to characterize the anatomic pattern and microhemodynamics of cortical microvascularization in MMD. METHODS:Intraoperative indocyanine green videoangiogra...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.501759
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:5' adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) acts as a metabolic sensor. AMPK is elevated under ischemic conditions, but the role of AMPK in ischemic brain remains controversial. In this study, we examined the effects of AMPK inhibition using both pharmacological and genetic approac...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.490904
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Cerebral small vessel disease is the most common cause of vascular dementia. Interest in using MRI parameters as surrogate markers of disease to assess therapies is increasing. In patients with symptomatic sporadic small vessel disease, we determined which MRI parameters best correlated with cogn...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.507475
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:We investigate whether admission serum calcium levels are associated with hematoma volume, stroke severity, and outcomes in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage. METHODS:A total of 273 patients admitted within 24 hours after intracerebral hemorrhage onset was divided into quartiles based...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001187
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:High-intensity transient signals (HITS) detected by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography correspond to microemboli in intracranial arteries. The purpose of this study was to develop new diagnostic criteria for the differentiation of these microembolic signals from artifact, based on a high-resolu...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.29.3.668
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of Mongolian gerbils to a 100% oxygen atmosphere after 15 minutes of global brain ischemia resulted in a marked increase in the production of pentane, an in vivo product of lipid peroxidation. Much less pentane production occurred in animals subjected to global brain ischemia then exposed to an air atmosphere...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.18.2.426
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebrovascular ring-like fat deposition, which was noted only in hypertensive rats but never observed in normotensive rats even after they had been fed a high-fat cholesterol (HFC) diet for a long time, was successfully developed in the posterior communicating or other cerebrobasal arteries in normotensive rats fed a...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.7.4.385
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasingly recognized as the single most important cause of disabling ischemic stroke in the elderly. We undertook an international survey to characterize the frequency of AF-associated stroke, methods of AF detection, and patient features. METHODS:Consecutive patie...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.013378
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a relatively rare cause of stroke with a high rate of morbidity and mortality, primarily due to the occurrence of delayed vasospasm. To date, many therapies have been proposed to help prevent vasospasm, but very few have been proven effective. The initiation of st...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.508341
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A J-shaped relationship has been demonstrated between alcohol and both clinical cardiovascular events and carotid atherosclerosis. A similar J-shaped relationship has been found between alcohol intake and inflammatory markers. If inflammation were on the intermediate causal pathway between alcoho...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.0000053849.09308.b2
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Although both general and abdominal adiposity are well-established risk factors for coronary heart disease, their associations with stroke are less well characterized, particularly in generally lean Asian populations. METHODS:We evaluated associations of body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (W...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.539692
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This systematic review summarizes the effectiveness of mirror therapy for improving motor function, activities of daily living, pain, and visuospatial neglect in patients after stroke. METHODS:We searched the Cochrane Stroke Group’s Trials Register (June 2011), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Tr...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/strokeaha.112.673087
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Comparative effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and high polypharmacy are unknown. METHODS:We used Medicare administrative data to evaluate patients with new atrial fibrillation diagnosis from 2015 to 2017, who initiated an oral anticoagulant with...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.029541
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A significant number of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage are active smokers and at risk for acute nicotine withdrawal. There is conflicting literature regarding the vascular effects of nicotine and theoretical concern that it may worsen vasospasm. The literature on the safety of n...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.620955
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is an economically worthwhile but underused treatment option for acute ischemic stroke. We sought to identify the extent of tPA use in Canadian medical centers and the potential savings associated with increased use nationally and by province. METHO...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.106.479477
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The method described provides a rational means for determining whether to institute chronic anticoagulation to prevent stroke in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation under a variety of clinical circumstances. SUMMARY OF COMMENT:The concept of expected value is used in conjunction with data from clinica...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.24.12.2128
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 26-year-old woman had a peripartum venous thrombotic stroke involving the right parietal lobe. The initial thrombus was present only in the right channel of a congenitally bifurcated superior sagittal sinus. This diagnosis and subsequent thrombus extension were readily shown by magnetic resonance imaging in contrast...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.22.3.396
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Understanding on distinct subsets of endothelial progenitor cells may provide insights of endothelial dysfunction or repair in the acute ischemic event. Recent in vitro data have reported the colony-forming unit (CFU) and outgrowth cell population as a subset of endothelial progenitor cells. In t...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.499236
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The independent contribution of insulin resistance to atherosclerosis is still under debate. We compared associations of 2 different indices of insulin resistance, the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) index and kITT from a short insulin tolerance test with carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS:A t...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.502799
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Recovery from hemiparesis due to corticospinal tract infarction is well documented, but the mechanism of recovery is unknown. Functional MRI (fMRI) provides a means of identifying focal brain activity related to movement of a paretic hand. Although prior studies have suggested that supplementary ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.31.3.656
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Treatment of stroke patients in specialized stroke units has become more frequent, yet the effect of this treatment has not been determined. METHODS:In a community-based, prospective, and consecutive study of 1241 unselected acute stroke patients, we compared outcome of stroke treatment between ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.26.7.1178
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Previous studies have demonstrated that echocardiographic left ventricular mass (LVM) is an independent risk factor for stroke in whites. Despite the greater burden of stroke, the echocardiographic predictors of stroke in African Americans remain poorly understood. METHODS:This investigation is ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000154893.68957.55
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Stroke has global importance and it causes an increasing amount of human suffering and economic burden, but its management is far from optimal. The unsuccessful outcome of several research programs highlights the need for reliable data on which to plan future clinical trials. The Virtual Internat...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.106.473579
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Despite a high incidence of poststroke dementia, there is no specific treatment for this condition. Because the evaluation of poststroke cognitive deficits in animal models of stroke is exceedingly challenging, the preclinical evaluation of candidate drugs is limited. We aimed to explore the impa...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001907
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:We tested the hypothesis that fibrin structure/function is unfavorably altered in patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke. METHODS:Ex vivo plasma fibrin clot permeability, turbidimetry, and efficiency of fibrinolysis were determined in 89 patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) and a history ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.532812
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to elucidate the mechanism by which hypertension acts as a risk factor for major non-haemorrhagic stroke, its effect on the prevalence of carotid atheroma has been studied angiographically. The carotid angiograms of 269 patients with cerebral tumours have been reviewed for evidence of coincidental athero...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.14.4.550
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Previous studies on the hyperdense middle cerebral artery (MCA) sign were conducted using > or =5-mm thickness noncontrast-computed tomography (NCT). The purpose of this study was to compare thin-section NCT with 5-mm NCT in the detection of thrombus in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS:Enrolled we...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000185720.03803.41
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:There is evidence of unequal access to health care interventions even where universal health systems operate. We investigated associations between patients' sociodemographic characteristics and the provision of acute and longer-term stroke care in a multiethnic urban population. METHODS:We used ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000152332.32267.19
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Eligibility criteria determine the external validity (generalizability) of the results of randomized controlled trials. To increase the number of outcome events, and hence statistical power, some recent stroke prevention trials have required additional vascular risk factors for eligibility. METH...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000195125.59349.23
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00