Abstract:
RATIONALE:Clinically, nicotine improves attention, but this has proven difficult to demonstrate preclinically. We tested nicotine in Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Lister hooded (LH) rats in the five-choice serial reaction time task. Since SD rats demonstrate lower asymptotic performance than LH rats, we surmised that nicotine would only improve performance in this strain. METHODS:Rats were placed in operant chambers 10 min after nicotine treatment (0.001-0.2 mg/kg). RESULTS:Nicotine dose-dependently increased correct responses only in SD rats (approximately 20% at the highest dose). By contrast, nicotine dose-dependently increased omission errors and reduced trials completed in both strains of rat, and dose-dependently reduced tray responses in SD rats. CONCLUSION:The magnitude of improvement in accuracy seen with nicotine in SD rats is greater than previously demonstrated using lesion or parametric manipulation models in other strains of rat in this test of attention. Although this suggests that the SD strain may be a useful "tool" for future studies, other task parameters, such as stimulus duration, may have to be optimum to demonstrate the magnitude of improvement observed presently.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Mirza NR,Bright JLdoi
10.1007/s002130000605subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-02-01 00:00:00pages
8-12issue
1eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
154pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE:Despite consistent evidence of the familiality of substance misuse, the mechanisms by which family history (FH) increases the risk of addiction are not well understood. One behavioral trait that may mediate the risk for substance use and addiction is delay discounting (DD), which characterizes an individual's...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4074-z
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol (CBN), cannabidiol (CBD), 11-OH THC and 8 alpha, 11-diOH THC to antagonise the abdominal constriction response in the mouse induced by formic acid, phenylquinone, 5-hydroxytryptamine, prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and bradykinin was tested. THC was an effective a...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432273
更新日期:1979-03-28 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Cocaine (COC), ethanol (EtOH), and methamphetamine (MA) are widely abused substances and share the ability to induce behavioral stimulation in mice and humans. Understanding the biological basis of behavioral stimulation to COC, EtOH, and MA may provide a greater understanding of drug and alcohol abuse. OBJE...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-007-0969-7
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Central cannabinoid systems have been implicated in appetite regulation through the hyperphagic effects of exogenous and endogenous cannabinoids. These effects may involve activation of reward systems and be mediated in part by opioidergic processes. OBJECTIVE:Cannabinoid-opioid interactions in feeding were ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130000596
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Rolipram, an inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE4) produces discriminative stimulus effects in rats. These effects may be related to a wide range of central nervous system effects described previously. OBJECTIVE:The purposes of the present study were to: (i) assess the specificity of the discrimin...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130100878
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::ApolipoproteinE (ApoE) genotype has recently been identified as a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the mechanism(s) by which ApoE isoforms influence this disease remain unclear. Recent studies suggest that mice deficient in ApoE may exhibit impaired central cholinergic function. Since this neurotrans...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050329
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have examined the association between ethanol use and cigarette smoking topography. In particular, no study has objectively investigated the relationship between chronic ethanol exposure and cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to quantify the relationship between cigarette smoking and past and cur...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245794
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:It has been reported that in panic disorder (PD), tryptophan depletion enhances the vulnerability to experimentally induced panic, while the administration of serotonin precursors blunts the response to challenges. OBJECTIVES:Using a high-dose carbon dioxide (CO(2)) challenge, we aimed to investigate the eff...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2177-8
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system has been implicated in conditioned reward (CR), locomotor sensitization, and the reinforcing properties of psychomotor stimulants. Stimuli with formerly motivationally neutral properties that gain incentive properties by their predictive association with primary reinforcers are term...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050859
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice were trained on a one-trial inhibitory avoidance task and given immediate post-training intraperitoneal injections of cocaine (0.03-1.00 mg/kg). On a retention test 24 h later, the retention latencies of mice given the 0.10 mg/kg dose were significantly higher than those of the controls. The effect of cocaine on ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00589905
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:During the last few decades, alcohol use disorders (AUD) have reached an epidemic prevalence, yet social influences on alcoholism have not been fully addressed. Several factors can modulate alcohol intake. On one hand, stress can reinforce ethanol-induced behaviors and be an important component in AUD and alc...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05408-8
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The time course of light adaptation after intense light exposure is significantly delayed by alcohol, marijuana, and a combined dose of alcohol and marijuana. These effects were found in a double blind experiment, using 10 subjects. The experimental treatments were placebo, 0.75 ml/kg of 95% ethanol, 8 and 15 mg of de...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00571413
更新日期:1978-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Although the effects of D: -cycloserine (DCS) and valproic acid (VPA) on the facilitation of the extinction of fear-conditioned memory have been elucidated in animals, these effects have not been clearly confirmed in humans. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to determine the effect of DCS (100 mg) and VPA (400 mg) ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2353-x
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Training in research ethics is crucial for psychiatric investigators. Addressing ethical dimensions of human subjects research requires knowledge about the rules and norms governing research; sensitivity to ethical implications of actions; and skills in ethics problem solving. Investigators in training who ar...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1500-4
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of pindolol on the prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) responses to intravenous tryptophan (LTP) were studied in eight healthy male volunteers. Pindolol pretreatment (40 mg over 48 h) markedly attenuated the GH response to LTP and modestly, but significantly, reduced the LTP-induced increase in plasma ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244090
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Recent studies have suggested that the salutary actions of clozapine in schizophrenia may be due to selective activation of M(1) muscarinic receptors by clozapine and/or its major active metabolite N-desmethylclozapine. OBJECTIVE:We systematically tested this hypothesis by screening a large number of psychoa...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-004-2017-1
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of long-term treatment with clozapine in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder was evaluated in a retrospective study comprising 96 patients treated with the drug during the period 1974-1986 at the Psychiatric Research Center in Uppsala. All patients had previously been treated with different kinds of ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00442567
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of electroconvulsive shock (ECS) on the responsiveness to pain (measured by the hot-plate test) and on the characteristics of L-type calcium channels (measured as [3H]nitrendipine binding sites) in the cortex and hippocampus was tested on the Wistar rat. In animals receiving a single ECS, the calcium channe...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244133
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The dopaminergic system, particularly D2-like dopamine receptors, has been strongly implicated in reward processing. Animal studies have emphasized the role of phasic dopamine (DA) signaling in reward-related learning, but these processes remain largely unexplored in humans. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-007-0957-y
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the effects of intrahippocampal injections of scopolamine (a muscarinic antagonist drug) on performance of a working-memory task (contingently reinforced T-maze alternation) and a reference-memory task (visual discrimination) by the same rats in the same maze. Rats in the first shipment were traine...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427569
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primiparous rats received 0.05, 0.25, 0.50, or 1.50 mg d-amphetamine/kg body weight, injected IP, when offspring reached 3-4 and 10-11 days of age. A multidimensional analysis of their maternal behavior revealed that at doses as low as 0.25 mg/kg, amphetamine had a disruptive effect on mother-pup intercontact interval...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00435314
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Modafinil is a well-tolerated psychostimulant drug with low addictive potential that is used to treat patients with narcolepsy or attention deficit disorders and to enhance vigilance in sleep-deprived military personal. So far, understanding of the cognitive enhancing effects of modafinil and the relevant neu...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-004-1926-3
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Supersensitivity to serotonin during migraine attack has been previously observed. Since the attack has been attributed to a critical lowering of morphine-like factors, we can expect serotonin supersensitivity during morphine abstinence. Slight signs of morphine abstinence have also been induced in volunteers after mi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00433050
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Genetic causes, or predisposition, are increasingly accepted to be part of the ethiopathogenesis of many neuropsychiatric diseases. While genes can be studied in any type of cells, their physiological function in human brain cells is difficult to evaluate, particularly in living subjects. METHODS:As a fir...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3384-2
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Manipulations of the endocannabinoid system could potentially produce therapeutic effects with minimal risk of adverse cannabis-like side effects. Inhibitors of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) increase endogenous levels of the cannabinoid-receptor agonist, anandamide, and show promise for treating a wide ra...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4140-6
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic administration of the pre-synaptic alpha-adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine decreases the concentration of the extra-neuronal metabolite of noradrenaline normetanephrine in the amygdaloid cortex and increases it in the mid-brain. Conversely, blockade of these pre-synaptic receptors by yohimbine increases the nor...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427519
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risperidone was studied in a 0.16 mg/kg LSD-saline drug discrimination test procedure. At doses varying from 0.0025 to 0.63 mg/kg, no LSD-like agonist effects were observed. Studies on the antagonism of the LSD-cue indicated that risperidone was able to completely block the discriminative stimulus properties of LSD wi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00442251
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Caffeine has a well-established effect on reaction times (RTs) but the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying this are unclear. METHODS:In the present study, 15 female participants performed an oddball task after ingesting caffeine or a placebo, and electroencephalographic data were obtained. Single-trial P3b...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-017-4790-7
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism of the tricyclic antidepressants amitriptyline (AMI), imipramine (IMI), chlorimipramine (CMI) and some of their metabolites was studied in vitro in isolated liver microsomes of female Spraque-Dawley rats. Nine metabolites of AMI, seven metabolites of IMI, and 11 metabolites of CMI were quantitatively de...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00178516
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Intermittent social defeat stress can induce neuroadaptations that promote compulsive drug taking. Within the mesocorticolimbic circuit, repeated cocaine administration activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). OBJECTIVE:The present experiments examine whether changes in ERK phosphorylation are ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3796-7
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00