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Underprivileged area score, ethnicity, social factors and general mortality in district health authorities in England and Wales.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To analyse the relation of ethnicity, social deprivation (Underprivileged area, UPA-score), social class V, unemployment and overcrowding on age- and sex-standardized mortality ratio (SMR). DESIGN:This ecological study used the SMR for people under the age of 65 years as dependent variable. Mortality data for 1983, classified by total population of country of birth (New Commonwealth and Pakistan), unskilled (social class V), unemployed, and overcrowded (>1/room) population with data from 1981 censuses. Underprivileged Area (UPA) score was applied in this study, an index widely used in the UK to identify underprivileged residential areas, calculated from information combining eight variables derived from the decennial census. The data were analysed by multiple regression (least square estimation) with SMR as dependent variable and the other social factors as independent variables. SETTING:All 192 district health authorities in England and Wales. RESULTS:There was a significant association between UPA-score and SMR (R-square = 0.53, p = 0.0001). The second model included the four variables: % unskilled, % unemployed of economically active population, % of residents living in overcrowded households, and % of population from New Commonwealth and Pakistan. This model explained about 77% of the variance. All variables were significant. All coefficients except ethnicity were positive, i.e. the higher the coefficients, the higher the SMR. CONCLUSION:This paper shows that social deprivation, unemployment and overcrowding were related to mortality in district health authorities in England and Wales. The finding that ethnicity was inversely related to general mortality might be important and needs to be further analysed.

journal_name

Scand J Prim Health Care

journal_title

Scandinavian journal of primary health care

authors

Sundquist J,Bajekal M,Jarman B,Johansson SE

doi

10.3109/02813439608997075

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1996-06-01 00:00:00

pages

79-85

issue

eissn

0281-3432

issn

1502-7724

journal_volume

pub_type

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Underprivileged area score, ethnicity, social factors and general mortality in district health authorities in England and Wales.