Abstract:
:Utilizing an expanded concept of level of burden, the impact of multiple problems experienced by women in a residential drug abuse treatment program on treatment retention and outcomes is investigated. Level of burden is defined in this study as the number and severity of problems, including psychological problems, cognitive impairment, chronic health problems, HIV/AIDS status, as well as substance abuse. In the first study of 260 women, the ability to retain women in treatment as a function of their level of burden is examined using the technique of survival analysis. Results indicate that early in the course of treatment, high-burden clients tend to be the highest risks for early termination. In addition, there is a significant interaction between time in the program and level of burden. In the second study of 68 women, partial correlations between level of burden and ratings of outcomes by program staff at time of discharge are examined. Results show that many of the treatment outcomes are significantly negatively correlated with the initial levels of burden. Implications for treatment providers and directives for future studies are discussed.
journal_name
J Psychoactive Drugsjournal_title
Journal of psychoactive drugsauthors
Brown VB,Huba GJ,Melchior LAdoi
10.1080/02791072.1995.10471699subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-10-01 00:00:00pages
339-46issue
4eissn
0279-1072issn
2159-9777journal_volume
27pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract::Best practices for Native Americans are rooted in culture. However, reclaiming best practices is a challenge given the genocidal policies that outlawed Native culture. Despite this challenge Native people have proven resilient in restoring culture. The Native American Health Center in Oakland, California, has made cul...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2011.628921
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research on the relationship between psychoactive substance dependence and personality disorder has been difficult to interpret. Among the reasons for this difficulty are (1) shifts in conceptualizations of these two classes of disorders, (2) markedly different findings related to age, sex, other demographic variables...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/02791072.1989.10472153
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::If recreational marijuana is legalized for adults in California, a rational implementation of public policy would neither criminalize youth possession, nor medically pathologize it by conflating possession with addiction. The harms of a criminal justice approach to juveniles should not exceed the harms of the drug its...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/02791072.2015.1126770
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The instruments used for psychological assessment have been under close scrutiny for many years. In particular, ethnic and racial minorities have pointed out that misapplication of instruments standardized to White middle-class norms can result in incorrect assessments. An analogous situation exists with IVDUs. In the...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/02791072.1988.10524494
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychedelic plants and fungi have been used in indigenous medicinal traditions for millennia. Modern psychedelic research began when Albert Hofmann first synthesized lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) in 1938. Five years later, became the first person to ingest LSD. Hofmann was unaware of the significance of his acti...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2019.1606472
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighty-one subjects who used ayahuasca at least once in North America answered a lengthy set of open-ended questions and completed the 81-item After the Spiritual Experience Questionnaire. An additional 50 ayahuasca users were interviewed in person. The data for this study represent ayahuasca experience based on more ...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2012.703100
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional ayahuasca can be defined as a brew made from Amazonian vine Banisteriopsis caapi and Amazonian admixture plants. Ayahuasca is used by indigenous groups in Amazonia, as a sacrament in syncretic Brazilian religions, and in healing and spiritual ceremonies internationally. The study aimed to determine concent...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2020.1815911
更新日期:2020-09-08 00:00:00
abstract::Marijuana (MJ) refusal self-efficacy and obsessive/harmonious passion for MJ use are associated with use and related consequences but have not been examined simultaneously. We examined the relation among obsessive/harmonious passion for MJ use, refusal self-efficacy, frequency of use, and related consequences in an on...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2019.1596334
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-five alcohol-dependent patients according to DSM-IV criteria who also met criteria for treatment resistance were treated with doses of gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) ranging between 25 and 100 mg/kg/die in an open one-year study. The results show that no patients discontinued the program during the first month of ...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2001.10400478
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research studies that collect biological measures of drug use have traditionally utilized laboratory urinalysis. Several recent studies have also documented the utility of laboratory oral fluid (OF) analysis. A new method of drug testing-instant OF technology--may offer a quicker, equally accurate alternative to labor...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2006.10399845
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes efforts in progress to meet the needs of opium smoking Mien immigrants in Oakland, California. Translating concepts of addiction and recovery into terms that are culturally relevant constitutes the basis for efforts to assist the Mien to adjust to an opium-free lifestyle. The acceptability and ut...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.1993.10472593
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Albert Hoffman suggested that low doses of LSD might be an appropriate alternative to Ritalin. Following this possibility, a systematic exploration of the effects of "microdoses," comprising hundreds of lengthy descriptive reports, was undertaken. Based on these reports, using a psychedelic in the microdose range (10 ...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1080/02791072.2019.1593561
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emerging trends in market dynamics and the use of new psychoactive substances are both a public health concern and a complex regulatory issue. One novel area of investigation is the availability of homemade opioids, amphetamines and dissociatives, and the potential fueling of interest in clandestine home manufacture o...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2017.1320735
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) undergo treatment to recover from addiction. However, exerting self-control, which is essential for successful abstinence from drug addiction, can cause ego depletion. This study experimentally investigated the effect of ego depletion on interpersonal trust and examined p...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2020.1773585
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitions about drinking, such as positive expectancies and self-efficacy, have been found to profoundly influence drinking behavior. Although the relationship of self-efficacy and positive expectancies with drinking consumption has been established, the relationship of self-efficacy and alcohol expectancies with the...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2003.10400025
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychosocial treatments for methamphetamine dependence are of limited effectiveness. Thus, a significant need exists for add-on therapy for this substance user disorder. The aim of this study was to develop and test a novel text messaging intervention for use as an adjunct to cognitive behavioral group therapy for met...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/02791072.2013.847995
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Asia, Mitragyna speciosa (e.g., "kratom") has been used to mitigate alcohol and drug dependence. Some preliminary findings suggest kratom's potential use as an informal harm-reduction method in the United States, such as an opioid substitute or as a means of lessening opioid withdrawal symptoms. To determine correl...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2019.1597224
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article presents an overview of Control Mastery Theory, developed by Joseph Weiss, and applies this theory to the treatment of alcohol- and other drug-addicted clients. The article proposes that individual psychotherapy, in conjunction with self-help and other chemical dependency treatment programs, may be a sign...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/02791072.1993.10472285
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review of the literature suggests that a common psychobiological process is associated with various altered states of consciousness (ASC) utilized by shamans, meditators, and mediums. However, the shamanic state of consciousness (SSC) can be differentiated physiologically from possession trance states. The psychophy...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/02791072.1989.10472140
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from the Partnership Attitude Tracking Study are analyzed to provide a greater understanding of the contributing factors to alcohol and other drug use among children and adolescents. The data were collected from children (ages 9 to 12) and teenagers (ages 13 to 17) in central locations (usually shopping malls) lo...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.1993.10472273
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methoxphenidine (MXP) was one of several NMDA antagonists marketed in 2013 to replace the recently controlled compound Methoxetamine (MXE). A steep rise in user interest was recorded, despite vendor cautioning of limited user feedback. The study presented a phenomenological analysis of MXP experiences amongst recreati...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2014.974002
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addictive disorders are one of the most common problems encountered by primary care physicians. In the last decades there has been a significant effort by organizations, universities, and private foundations to increase the teaching of alcohol and drug abuse issues to medical students, residents and practitioners. Sti...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/02791072.1997.10400202
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cannabis is generally used to enhance mood (quality of life), but it is not known whether it has this effect in the medium to longer term. Little is currently known about the temporal sequence between cannabis use and the quality of life (QOL). Data are taken from a prospective longitudinal study of pregnant women rec...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2015.1014121
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The central nervous system rewarding properties of ethanol, cocaine, and heroin may activate a common catecholaminergic reward system in the mesolimbic circuitry of the brain. Driving-under-the-influence (DUI) offenders with either alcohol- or cocaine-related problems were studied. The neuronutrients SAAVE and Tropami...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.1990.10472542
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have examined the prevalence of nitrous oxide (NO) inhalation or co-occurrence of NO and volatile solvent (VS) use in adolescents. Study aims were to (1) describe the independent and conjoint prevalence of NO and VS use in incarcerated youth, (2) compare adolescent users of both NO and VS inhalants (NO+VS)...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2009.10399771
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methadone maintenance has been used for decades to treat opioid-dependent pregnant women. The outcomes of pregnancies thus treated are vastly improved over the outcomes of pregnancies complicated by street drug use. Despite its long history of successful use during pregnancy, little is known about the long-term effect...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/02791072.1994.10472263
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This research explores the relationship between use of certain drugs and aggressive crimes among Mexican-American and White male arrestees in San Antonio, Texas, for 1992. This is based on a Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) sample of 534 male arrestees administered a drug urine analysis test and questionnaire by the Departm...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.1995.10471682
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. This public health problem is of particular concern among individuals with substance use disorders in that they smoke at a greater rate than the general public. Smoking-related illness represents a major source of preventable death in persons with...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2007.10399882
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term use of opioid analgesics can lead to addiction and opioid-related death. We aimed to present the pattern of long-term opioid utilization and identify factors associated with it by using group-based trajectory modeling. We used the nationwide health insurance claims database from 2009 to 2013. Multinomial log...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2020.1856456
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::It is estimated that most substance users are not substance-dependent, yet they misuse alcohol and/or other drugs on a regular basis and are at risk in terms of health and further dependency. Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is an intervention model that identifies at-risk substance use...
journal_title:Journal of psychoactive drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02791072.2010.10400547
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00