Abstract:
:The study of eukaryotic telomeres at the molecular level began with the discovery of short, tandem repeats at Tetrahymena chromosome ends. In the following two decades, major insights about telomere structure and function have come from investigations of telomerase, the DNA polymerase that synthesizes these repeats. In the past year, three areas of telomerase research have been particularly intense: assays of telomerase activity, isolation of telomerase components, and studies of the regulation of telomerase and telomere length in vivo.
journal_name
Curr Opin Cell Bioljournal_title
Current opinion in cell biologyauthors
Collins Kdoi
10.1016/s0955-0674(96)80013-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-01 00:00:00pages
374-80issue
3eissn
0955-0674issn
1879-0410pii
S0955-0674(96)80013-5journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Three recent reports indicate that p120-catenin can modulate the activities of RhoA, Rac and Cdc42, suggesting an elegant and previously unexpected mechanism for regulating the balance between adhesive and motile cellular phenotypes. The observations in these reports provide important new clues toward p120's mechanism...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(00)00258-1
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments, have all been found to be dynamic structures in living cells. Recent studies have shed important light on the assembly, disassembly, and mobility of these structures. In addition, a growing emphasis has been placed on the regulation of cytoskeletal activities ...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0955-0674(91)90162-r
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rab GTPases and their regulatory proteins play a crucial role in vesicle-mediated membrane trafficking. During vesicle membrane tethering Rab GTPases are activated by GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) and then inactivated by GAPs (GTPase activating proteins). Recent evidence shows that in addition to activati...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
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更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The establishment of left-right asymmetry during development of vertebrate embryos depends on leftward flow in the nodal cavity. The flow is produced by the rotational movement of the posteriorly tilted nodal cilia. However, it remains poorly understood how the nodal cilia are tilted posteriorly, and how the direction...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2012.01.002
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the most notable trends in human evolution is the dramatic increase in brain size that has occurred in the great ape clade, culminating in humans. Of particular interest is the vast expanse of the cerebral cortex, which is believed to have resulted in our ability to perform higher cognitive functions. Recent in...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.11.004
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular signals are received and generated by the alpha(IIb)beta(3) integrin on platelets. Recent advances have been made in the areas of agonist receptors that initiate platelet activation, downstream signaling molecules (e.g. small G-proteins and kinases) and changes in ligand-occupied alpha(IIb)beta(3) that c...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(99)00018-6
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Misfolded and mistargeted proteins in the early secretory pathway present significant risks to the cell. A diverse and integrated network of quality control pathways protects the cell from these threats. We focus on the discovery of new mechanisms that contribute to this protective network. Biochemical and structural ...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2020.04.002
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rho, Rac and Cdc42 are three Ras-related GTP-binding proteins that control the assembly and disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton in response to extracellular signals. During the past year, numerous candidate downstream targets for these GTPases have been identified using affinity chromatography and yeast two-hybrid t...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(97)80156-1
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asymmetric cell division (ACD) is the fundamental process through which one cell divides into two cells with different fates. In animals, it is crucial for the generation of cell-type diversity and for stem cells, which use ACD both to self-renew and produce one differentiating daughter cell. One of the most prominent...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2019.07.018
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::When PI3Ks are deregulated by aberrant surface receptors or modulators, accumulation of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 leads to increased cell growth, proliferation and contact-independent survival. The PI3K/PKB/TOR axis controls protein synthesis and growth, while PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-mediated activation of Rho GTPases directs cell moti...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.02.011
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of a complex multicellular organism requires a coordination of growth and cell division under the control of patterning mechanisms. Studies in yeast have pioneered our understanding of the relationship between growth and cell division. In recent years, many of the pathways that regulate growth in multi...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(00)00284-2
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The long-standing interest in centrioles and basal bodies stems from the evolutionary conservation of their structural design and from their dual mode of assembly (templated versus de novo), revealed by electron microscopic studies nearly four decades ago and unique for a subcellular organelle. Molecular dissection of...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(02)00017-0
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Through selective disruption of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity and the use of green fluorescent protein tagged derivatives of domains capable of specifically binding the lipid products of PI3Ks in vivo, it has been shown that this family of signalling enzymes have vital and distinct roles in chemotaxis, pha...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(02)00311-3
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies from the past several years have revealed that adipogenesis is controlled by an interplay of transcription factors, including members of the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein family and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma. In addition to providing a new understanding of this aspect of the energy bala...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(99)00037-x
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polarising a cell or an embryo is a crucial and recurrent event during development, as it is important for cell differentiation and migration. Cells can become polarised along their apical-basal axis and also within the plane of the tissue layer to which they belong. The embryo develops three axes: the anteroposterior...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(02)00374-5
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A key difference between yeast and metazoans is the need of the latter to regulate cell proliferation and growth to create organs (and organisms) of reproducible size and shape. Great progress has been made in understanding how growth, cell size and the cell cycle are controlled in metazoans. Recent work has shown tha...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.09.008
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::As in yeast and mammalian cells, novel unconventional protein secretion (UPS) or unconventional membrane trafficking pathways are now known to operate in plants. UPS in plants is generally associated with stress conditions such as pathogen attack, but little is known about its underlying mechanism and function. Here, ...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2014.05.008
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria make physical contact with nearly every other membrane in the cell, and these contacts have a wide variety of functions that are carried out by proteins that reside at the sites of contact. Over the past decade, tremendous insight into the identity and functions of proteins localized to mitochondrial cont...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2020.02.010
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transport of newly synthesized material from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) towards the Golgi complex, through the Golgi cisternae, and out of the trans-Golgi network (TGN) is thought to be mediated by vesicular carriers. Different types of vesicle are involved in this biosynthetic membrane traffic. All are coated wit...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0955-0674(94)90073-6
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The eukaryotic endomembrane system is responsible for the biosynthesis and transport of proteins and lipids, and for the definition of the major subcellular compartments. Recent work indicates that the endomembrane system is ancient, with near modern complexity predating the radiation of the major eukaryotic lineages....
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2008.12.004
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular matrix (ECM) induces and maintains the differentiation of epithelial cells, not by totally altering their state of differentiation, but by activating overt differentiation. Recent studies of cultured mammary cells provide an elegant molecular analysis of this kind of progressive cell differentiation. Oth...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0955-0674(93)90088-8
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integrins have the ability to organise macromolecular structures both inside and outside the cell. Analysis of integrin function in the developing embryos of worms and flies suggests that, although the extracellular matrix directs integrins to organise intracellular proteins, the cytoskeleton may have the first word. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(00)00142-3
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatiotemporal Ca2+ signalling in the cytoplasm is currently understood as an excitation phenomenon by analogy with electrical excitation in the plasma membrane. In many cell types, Ca2+ waves and Ca2+ oscillations are mediated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor/Ca2+ channels in the endoplasmic reticulum m...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0955-0674(95)80027-1
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The basic mechanisms of serine/threonine protein kinase signaling networks have been elucidated in the past decade. Members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family are crucial in T cell signaling pathways. Particularly, PKC alpha, PKC beta, and PKC theta isotypes determine the nature of lymphocyte-specific in vivo effect...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2008.12.008
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analyses of the sequences and structures of many transport proteins that differ in substrate specificity, direction of transport and mechanism of transport suggest that they form a family of related proteins. Their sequence similarities imply a common mechanism of action. This hypothesis provides an objective basis fo...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0955-0674(92)90090-y
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence corroborates the idea that the structure of the nucleolus need not be strictly maintained for proper function, suggesting that the organelle is composed of supramolecular assemblies formed during rRNA synthesis. More controversial is whether the nucleolus exists in the absence of rRNA synthesis and whe...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0955-0674(95)80085-9
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotes silence gene expression in the presence of double-stranded RNA homologous to the silenced gene. Silencing occurs by the targeted degradation of mRNA. Biochemical reactions that recapitulate this phenomenon generate RNA fragments of 21--23 nucleotides from the double-stranded RNA. These stably associate with...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(00)00204-0
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::How linear DNA molecules are packaged into compact cylindrical chromosomes in preparation for cell division has remained one of the central outstanding questions in cell biology. Condensin is a highly conserved protein complex that universally determines large-scale DNA geometry during mitotic chromosome assembly. A w...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2019.03.005
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell polarization is critical for lineage segregation and morphogenesis during mammalian embryogenesis. However, the processes and mechanisms that establish cell polarity in the mammalian embryo are not well understood. Recent studies suggest that unique regulatory mechanisms are deployed by the mouse embryo to establ...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2019.11.005
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A consensus view on the three-dimensional structure of the F-actin filament and the relative strength of the intersubunit contacts in the filament has been established from an atomic filament model and recent three-dimensional reconstructions from electron micrographs of F-actin filaments. Functional implications of r...
journal_title:Current opinion in cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0955-0674(92)90054-g
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00