Abstract:
:We measured plasma levels of L-arginine, its analogue NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), and related amino acids in normal subjects and uraemic patients (n = 31), before and after haemodialysis. Plasma levels of L-arginine were reduced to less than half of normal values in uraemic subjects compared with controls, and were not affected by haemodialysis. L-NMMA was not detectable in non-uraemic subjects, but markedly elevated in uraemic patients. In parallel, we used human red blood cells as a model to study the effect of L-NMMA upon the transport of L-arginine. L-NMMA trans-stimulated L-arginine transport significantly, confirming that L-arginine and L-NMMA share common transport pathways. Our results suggest altered L-arginine metabolism and the presence of an increased concentration of a NO synthase inhibitor in uraemia. We propose that alterations in plasma L-arginine levels and increased production of L-arginine analogues will alter NO synthesis and may help to explain some pathological changes seen in uraemia.
journal_name
Exp Physioljournal_title
Experimental physiologyauthors
Mendes Ribeiro AC,Roberts NB,Lane C,Yaqoob M,Ellory JCdoi
10.1113/expphysiol.1996.sp003950subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-01 00:00:00pages
475-81issue
3eissn
0958-0670issn
1469-445Xjournal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A great variety of viruses have been engineered to serve as expression vectors. Among them, the alphaviruses Semliki Forest virus and Sindbis virus represent promising tools for heterologous gene expression in a wide variety of host cells. Several applications have already been described in neurobiological studies, in...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2004.028142
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent model predicted a local synovial circulation of extravascular fluid in which capillary filtrate entered a joint cavity and fluid simultaneously drained out of the cavity via intercellular pathways distant from capillaries. Here, solutions of albumin (10-250 g l-1) were infused continuously into the knee joint...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1992.sp003613
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our aim was to analyse endothelial hypoxic preconditioning after hypoxia-reperfusion (HR). Endothelial functionality was analysed through the vasorelaxation responses to acetylcholine (Ach) and the level of serine1177 phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (ser1177-eNOS) measured by Western blot in in...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2005.030163
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumour cell survival is intimately related to blood vessel function and so the tumour vasculature represents a novel target for cancer therapy. We have investigated a murine tumour model in which a metal clamp was used to occlude the vascular supply temporarily and then removed to allow reperfusion. This allows the st...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1997.sp004031
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to whole-body vibration is implicated as one of the occupational risk factors for lower back disorders; however, its influence on the lumbar muscle physiology is still poorly understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of backrest support and hand grip contractions on lumbar muscle ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2006.033696
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? Is chemerin, an adipokine implicated in obesity, increased in neonates following in utero cigarette smoke exposure. What is the main finding and its importance? Chemerin mRNA expression was increased and chemerin DNA methylation was decreased in babies born to mo...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP087307
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? The role of the cerebral haemodynamic response to either normobaric or hypobaric hypoxia in people susceptible to acute mountain sickness (AMS) is still under debate. Prefrontal cortex near-infrared spectroscopy-derived parameters were monitored in normobaric hyp...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP088515
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were performed to investigate, in the normal and acutely inflamed rabbit knee joint, the role of prostaglandins in the regulation of joint blood flow, measured by laser Doppler flowmetry, as well as their modulation of sympathetic vasoconstriction. Close intra-arterial injection of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1994.sp003745
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropeptides and regulatory peptide hormones control many developmental, physiological and behavioural processes in animals, including humans. The nonapeptides oxytocin and arginine vasopressin are produced and released by the pituitary gland and have actions on many organs and tissues. Receptive cells possess partic...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2013.072561
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::What is the central question of this study? Failure to terminate apnoea and arouse is likely to contribute to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Serotonin is deficient in the brainstems of babies who died of SIDS. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that serotonin in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) would sho...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP085716
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasticity of insulin secretion is essential to maintain the action of insulin during insulin resistance and to prevent diabetes. Investigation of the plasticity of insulin secretion and its regulation is challenging, and the objective of this study was to develop a novel large-animal-based model. The effect of chroni...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2011.063560
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects on vasopressin and cortisol secretion of centrally and peripherally administered cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK) were investigated in conscious prepubertal pigs. Injection of 1.3 micrograms CCK into the lateral cerebral ventricle resulted in a sustained increase in plasma vasopressin after a latency of 5...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1991.sp003518
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Moderate-intensity endurance exercise training improves vascular endothelial vasomotor function; however, the impact of high-intensity exercise training has been equivocal. Thus, the effect of the physiological stress of the exercise remains poorly understood. Furthermore, enhanced vascular repair mediated by circulat...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2011.062836
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work was undertaken to study the effect of pectin feeding on the expression level, cellular localization and functional activity of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) in the gastrointestinal tract of rats. The results indicated that MCT1 protein level was significantly increased along the entire length of the g...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2009.046797
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The renin-angiotensin system is activated in the early phase of two-kidney, one-clip (2K-1C) hypertension. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) integrates inputs regulating sympathetic outflow. The PVN receives inputs from plasma angiotensin II via projections from circumventricular organs and from renal afferent nerves ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2009.051789
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early vascular changes at the molecular level caused by adoption of a sedentary lifestyle are incompletely characterized. Herein, we employed the rodent wheel-lock model to identify mRNAs in the arterial wall that are responsive to the acute transition from higher to lower levels of daily physical activity. Specifical...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2012.066076
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of exogenous arginine vasotocin (AVT), isotocin (IT) and melatonin on the blood pressure of conscious Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were examined. Ventral aortic blood pressure (PVA) was recorded from a cannula inserted into the afferent branchial artery of the third gill arch. Dorsal aortic blood pressure (...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1998.sp004161
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? What are the ultrastructural changes of the caecal mucosa and the status of epithelial cellular apoptosis and oxidative reactions in lactating goats after prolonged feeding with a high-concentrate diet? What is the main finding and its importance? High-concentrat...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2014.083352
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? What factors influence the onset and magnitude of activation of the neck inspiratory muscles during inspiration? What is the main finding and its importance? Recruitment of the sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles during inspiration, measured by means of surfa...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP087247
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? There is an ethical imperative to optimize analgesia protocols for laboratory animals, but this is impeded by our inability to recognize pain reliably. We examined whether the Mouse Grimace Scale (MGS) provides benefits over a standard welfare scoring system for ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2014.083139
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the effect of age- and sex-related differences in haemodynamics, blood volume (BV) and left ventricular (LV) size and mass on resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in healthy, normotensive adults. Twenty young men (19-47 years old) and 20 young women (21-46 years old) as well as 15 older men (62...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2013.077248
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preparations of isolated rat jejunal enterocyte and brush-border and basolateral membrane vesicles have been used to study the effects of a 15 min exposure of upper and mid-villus enterocytes to pancreatic glucagon on the initial, unidirectional phlorhizin-sensitive (brush border) transport of galactose and phlorhizin...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1993.sp003680
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? What are the effects of a 2 week period of severe food restriction on vascular reactivity of resistance arteries and on cardiac structure and function? What is the main finding and its importance? This study showed, for the first time, that a 2 week period of sev...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP088434
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? At near-term gestation, foramen ovale blood flow accounts for a significant proportion of fetal left ventricular output. Can the foramen ovale increase its volume blood flow when right ventricular afterload is increased by main pulmonary artery occlusion? What is...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP087423
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ionic mechanisms and signal transduction underlying noradrenaline (NA)-induced depolarization in single smooth muscle cells of guinea-pig vas deferens were studied. NA caused depolarization followed by action potentials through activation of 1-adrenoceptors. In the presence of nifedipine, no action potential was gener...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The physiological mechanisms contributing to sex differences following myocardial infarction (MI) are poorly understood. Given the strong relationship between sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and outcome, we hypothesized there may be a sex difference in SNA responses to MI. In anaesthetized, open-chest male, female an...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2012.065615
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An energy-rich diet leads to enhanced ruminal Na(+) absorption, which is associated with elevated plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels and an increased number of IGF-1 receptors in rumen papillae. This study examined the in vitro effect of IGF-1 on Na(+) transport across the rumen epithelium of hay-fed s...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2011.061580
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? We present a new non-invasive medical technology, the inspired sine-wave technique, which involves inhalation of sinusoidally fluctuating concentrations of a tracer gas. The technique requires only passive patient cooperation and can monitor different cardiorespi...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP086867
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An imaging technique (laser Doppler perfusion imaging, LDI), based on measurement of backscattered Doppler-broadened laser radiation, was used to provide two-dimensional images of perfusion in the exposed rat knee joint capsule. In control animals, frequency-dependent constriction of knee joint blood vessels occurred ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1995.sp003851
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? In fever, the most striking response in the acute phase reaction of systemic inflammation, plasma H2 S concentration increases. However, the role of endogenous peripheral H2 S in fever is unknown. What is the main finding and its importance? Endogenous peripheral...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP086775
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00