The determinants of plasma beta-carotene: interaction between smoking and other lifestyle factors.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of cigarette smoking on the relationship between dietary intake and circulating levels of beta-carotene. DESIGN:A secondary analysis of data collected for the Diet and Nutritional Survey of British Adults by The Department of Health and The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food; the study was a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of the British population. SETTING:The study was conducted on a free living adult (16-64 years of age) population resident in Great Britain. SUBJECTS:1483 subjects completed a seven day weighed inventory and provided a blood sample. RESULTS:Smokers had statistically significantly lower dietary intakes and circulating levels of beta-carotene than non-smokers. At the same level of dietary intake, smokers were more likely to have lower circulating levels than non-smokers. For every 1000 micrograms change in dietary intake, there was a 0.01 mumol/l change in plasma beta-carotene in smokers and a 0.04 mumol/l change in non-smokers. The effect of smoking on circulating levels of beta-carotene persisted after adjusting for other factors. CONCLUSIONS:The results suggest that smoking places extra demands on the host; the higher risk of heart disease for smokers may be due to a combination of an increased inflammatory response, reduced host defences, and increased levels of circulating LDL. Failure to take account of the interaction between risk factors may distort the estimates of the relative importance of each factor when considered in isolation.

journal_name

Eur J Clin Nutr

authors

Margetts BM,Jackson AA

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1996-04-01 00:00:00

pages

236-8

issue

4

eissn

0954-3007

issn

1476-5640

journal_volume

50

pub_type

杂志文章
  • The public health challenge of early growth failure in India.

    abstract::Recent recognition of the early onset and high prevalence of wasting (30%) and stunting (20%) among infants 0-5 months in India draws attention to the need to understand the causes and develop prevention strategies. Such growth failure has dire consequences in the short (increased mortality) and long-term (loss of hum...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.18

    authors: Young MF,Martorell R

    更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00

  • Dietary vitamin D intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition: the EPIC-InterAct study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Prospective cohort studies have indicated that serum vitamin D levels are inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes. However, such studies cannot determine the source of vitamin D. Therefore, we examined the association of dietary vitamin D intake with incident type 2 diabetes within the Europe...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.235

    authors: Abbas S,Linseisen J,Rohrmann S,Beulens JW,Buijsse B,Amiano P,Ardanaz E,Balkau B,Boeing H,Clavel-Chapelon F,Fagherazzi G,Franks PW,Gavrila D,Grioni S,Kaaks R,Key TJ,Khaw KT,Kühn T,Mattiello A,Molina-Montes E,Nilsso

    更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00

  • Nutritional status, age and survival: the muscle mass hypothesis.

    abstract::The relevance of nutritional indices derived from comparison with growth standards to assess the risk of dying was evaluated in a 2-year prospective study in rural Senegal. An average of 3151 children aged 6-59 months were measured twice a year and followed up during the intervening 6-month periods. Children who survi...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Briend A,Garenne M,Maire B,Fontaine O,Dieng K

    更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00

  • Global differences between women and men in the prevalence of obesity: is there an association with gender inequality?

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:In most populations the prevalence of obesity is greater in women than in men; however, the magnitude of the difference between the sexes varies significantly by country. We considered the role of gender inequality in explaining these disparities. SUBJECTS/METHODS:We undertook an ecological analy...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.86

    authors: Garawi F,Devries K,Thorogood N,Uauy R

    更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of body size and sociodemographic characteristics on differences between self-reported and measured anthropometric data in middle-aged men and women: the EPIC-Norfolk study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effects of body size and sociodemographic characteristics on differences between self-reported (SR) and measured anthropometric data in men and women. SUBJECTS/METHODS:This study comprises 9933 men and 11,856 women aged 39-79 years at baseline survey (1993-1997) in the EPIC-Nor...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.259

    authors: Park JY,Mitrou PN,Keogh RH,Luben RN,Wareham NJ,Khaw KT

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • The association of income with fresh fruit and vegetable consumption at different levels of education.

    abstract::This study examined whether the association of household income with fresh fruit and vegetable consumption varies by the level of education. Data were derived from mail surveys carried out during 2000-2002 among 40- to 60-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki (n=8960, response rate 67%). Education was categorized...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.155

    authors: Lallukka T,Pitkäniemi J,Rahkonen O,Roos E,Laaksonen M,Lahelma E

    更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00

  • Aging, low-grade systemic inflammation and vitamin D: a mini-review.

    abstract::We conducted a mini-review of the literature, focusing on aging-related systemic inflammation and its association with vitamin D (VitD). As main findings, data indicate that inflammation in aging seems to have multiple origins, including immunosenescence, and from intestinal and adipose tissue, where VitD may modulate...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.177

    authors: Gonçalves de Carvalho CM,Ribeiro SM

    更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00

  • The economic case for prevention of population vitamin D deficiency: a modelling study using data from England and Wales.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) affects the health and wellbeing of millions worldwide. In high latitude countries such as the United Kingdom (UK), severe complications disproportionally affect ethnic minority groups. OBJECTIVE:To develop a decision-analytic model to estimate the cost effectiveness of population...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41430-019-0486-x

    authors: Aguiar M,Andronis L,Pallan M,Högler W,Frew E

    更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00

  • Feasibility of repeated 24-h dietary recalls combined with a food-recording booklet, using EPIC-Soft, among preschoolers.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:This study evaluates the feasibility among preschoolers of the 2 × 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDRs) method combined with a food-recording booklet (FRB), using EPIC-Soft pc-program for the 24-HDR (the software developed to conduct 24-HDRs in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutr...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.91

    authors: Trolle E,Amiano P,Ege M,Bower E,Lioret S,Brants H,Kaic-Rak A,de Boer EJ,Andersen LF,EFCOVAL Consortium.

    更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00

  • The relationship between organ-tissue body composition and resting energy expenditure in prepubertal children.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:In this study, we ascertained the relationship between resting energy expenditure (REE) obtained using two procedures: indirect calorimetry and from organ-tissue mass, calculated employing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and adult metabolic rate constants, in prepubertal children. Differences be...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41430-018-0344-2

    authors: Midorikawa T,Hikihara Y,Ohta M,Ando T,Torii S,Sakamoto S,Tanaka S

    更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00

  • No effect on oxidative stress biomarkers by modified intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids or vegetables and fruit.

    abstract::Diet may both increase and decrease oxidative stress in the body. We compared the effects of four strictly controlled isocaloric diets with different intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 11 or 3% of energy) and vegetables and fruit (total amount of vegetables and fruit 516 or 1059 g/10 MJ) on markers associat...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602865

    authors: Freese R,Dragsted LO,Loft S,Mutanen M

    更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00

  • Low levels of urinary iodine excretion in schoolchildren of rural areas in Cuba.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:We set up a baseline data on urinary iodine excretion from a nationwide representative sample of rural schoolchildren before instituting iodine supplementation. DESIGN:Stratified multistage cluster sampling in three different strata: lowlands, foothills and mountainous areas. Early morning urine samples were...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600562

    authors: Rodríguez-Ojea A,Menéndez R,Terry B,Vega L,Abreu Y,Díaz Z

    更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00

  • Predictors of body composition changes during tuberculosis treatment in Mwanza, Tanzania.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Gains in fat mass and lean mass during tuberculosis (TB) treatment may determine functional recovery and survival; yet, data are scarce. We aimed to assess predictors of fat and fat-free mass during 2 months of intensive TB treatment in a cohort in Mwanza, Tanzania. SUBJECTS/METHODS:Fat and fat-f...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.37

    authors: PrayGod G,Range N,Faurholt-Jepsen D,Jeremiah K,Faurholt-Jepsen M,Aabye MG,Magnussen P,Changalucha J,Andersen AB,Wells JC,Friis H

    更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00

  • Absorption and antioxidant effects of quercetin from onions, in man.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the in vivo effects of quercetin following the ingestion of fried onions. DESIGN:Five healthy volunteers, three males and two females aged between 25 and 39 y, ingested 225 g of fried onions after an overnight fast and peripheral venous blood was collected 0, 2, 4, 24 and 48 h after consumptio...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600682

    authors: McAnlis GT,McEneny J,Pearce J,Young IS

    更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00

  • Sex-related influence of body size and sexual maturation on blood pressure in adolescents.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study is aimed at investigating the influence of body size, body fat and sexual maturation on blood pressure (BP) in adolescents. DESIGN:A cross-sectional study. SETTING:A suburban student population of Southern Italy. SUBJECTS:One hundred ninety students attending the first and second year of a secon...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600731

    authors: Leccia G,Marotta T,Masella MR,Mottola G,Mitrano G,Golia F,Capitanata P,Guida L,Contaldo F,Ferrara LA

    更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00

  • Human energy expenditure in affluent societies: an analysis of 574 doubly-labelled water measurements.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe average levels of free-living energy expenditure in people from affluent societies and to determine the influence of body weight, height, age and sex. DESIGN:Analysis of 574 measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE, assessed by the doubly-labelled water method); basal metabolic rate (BMR, d...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Black AE,Coward WA,Cole TJ,Prentice AM

    更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00

  • Adolescents' beverage choice at school and the impact on sugar intake.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:To examine students' beverage choice in school, with reference to its contribution to students' intake of non-milk extrinsic (NME) sugars. SUBJECTS/METHODS:Beverage and food selection data for students aged 11-18 years (n=2461) were collected from two large secondary schools in England, for a con...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.158

    authors: Ensaff H,Russell J,Barker ME

    更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00

  • Iodine deficiency alone cannot account for goitre prevalence among pregnant women in Modhupur, Bangladesh.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:We wished to determine the contributing causes of goitre among pregnant women in rural Bangladesh to provide baseline data before instituting iodine supplementation. DESIGN:All pregnant women in a subdistrict of Modhupur, Bangladesh were assessed for goitre size and were asked to give blood and urine samples...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Filteau SM,Sullivan KR,Anwar US,Anwar ZR,Tomkins AM

    更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00

  • Relationship between computed tomography-derived body composition, sex, and post-operative complications in patients with colorectal cancer.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:In the UK, colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death. Surgery is the primary modality of treatment, but it is not without complications. Post-operative complications have been linked to preoperative of weight loss and loss of lean tissue, and also t...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41430-019-0414-0

    authors: Almasaudi AS,Dolan RD,McSorley ST,Horgan PG,Edwards C,McMillan DC

    更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00

  • Intake of saturated fat, trans fat, and added sugars by the Brazilian population: an indicator to evaluate diet quality.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:In recent decades, changes in the diet of Brazilians have been characterized by increased consumption of high energy-dense foods, rich in fat and sugar. This study was aimed at assessing diet quality based on the intake of foods with high content of solid fat and added sugars (SoFAS). SUBJECTS/MET...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41430-020-0582-y

    authors: Monteiro LS,Rodrigues PRM,Sichieri R,Pereira RA

    更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00

  • Serum lipid responses to phytosterol-enriched milk in a moderate hypercholesterolemic population is not affected by apolipoprotein E polymorphism or diameter of low-density lipoprotein particles.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:The importance of both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) size and the apolipoprotein E (Apo E) in the atherogenic process is known, but there is little information with regard to the effect of phytosterols (PS) on these parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of PS...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.241

    authors: Bañuls C,Martínez-Triguero ML,López-Ruiz A,Morillas C,Jarabo MM,Bellod L,Víctor VM,Rocha M,Hernández-Mijares A

    更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of an energy and micronutrient supplement on skeletal maturation in undernourished children in Indonesia.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:This paper reports the effects of an energy and micronutrient supplement on skeletal maturation of nutritionally at risk infants and toddlers in Pangalengan, Indonesia. DESIGN:Two cohorts of children were randomly assigned to three treatments: E = 1171 kJoule + 12 mg iron; M = 12 mg iron + 209 kJ; S = 104 k...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601008

    authors: Jahari AB,Haas J,Husaini MA,Pollitt E

    更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00

  • Resting energy expenditure can be assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in women regardless of age and fitness.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the possibility that measurement of the magnitude and distribution of fundamental somatic heat-producing units using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) can be used to estimate resting energy expenditure (REE) in both young and elderly women with different aerobic fitness levels. SUBJECTS AND ...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602980

    authors: Usui C,Takahashi E,Gando Y,Sanada K,Oka J,Miyachi M,Tabata I,Higuchi M

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • Australian consumers are sceptical about but influenced by claims about fat on food labels.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To explore the beliefs and attitudes of Australian consumers to claims about fat made on the labels of packaged food. DESIGN:Content analysis of transcripts from focus group discussions. SUBJECTS:A total of 26 female and 10 male participants aged 20-80 y, recruited by advertisement into six focus groups, s...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602038

    authors: Chan C,Patch C,Williams P

    更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00

  • Muscle mass and functional correlates of insulin sensitivity in lean young Indian men.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:There is a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus associated with insulin resistance in Indian adults, probably due to an inappropriately high accumulation of body fat at lower body mass indices (BMIs, kg/m(2)), as well as to a lower skeletal muscle mass. Although skeletal muscle is an important sit...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.32

    authors: Unni US,Ramakrishnan G,Raj T,Kishore RP,Thomas T,Vaz M,Kurpad AV

    更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00

  • Increased visceral adiposity is associated with coronary artery calcification in male patients with chronic kidney disease.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:Recent epidemiological data have shown that abdominal fat accumulation is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to investigate the association between visceral adiposity and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in CKD ...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.66

    authors: Aoqui C,Cuppari L,Kamimura MA,Canziani ME

    更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00

  • High performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of pyridoxal-5-phosphate in human plasma: how appropriate are cut-off values for vitamin B6 deficiency?

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Application of a HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) method, using cyanide derivatisation, to the determination of plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) concentrations as an indicator of vitamin B6 adequacy. SETTING:The study was performed at the Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK. Blood samples...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600775

    authors: Bailey AL,Wright AJ,Southon S

    更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00

  • Regular meal frequency creates more appropriate insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles compared with irregular meal frequency in healthy lean women.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the impact of irregular meal frequency on circulating lipids, insulin, glucose and uric acid concentrations which are known cardiovascular risk factors. DESIGN:A randomised crossover dietary intervention study. SETTING:Nottingham, UK--Healthy free-living women. SUBJECTS:A total of nine lean ...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601935

    authors: Farshchi HR,Taylor MA,Macdonald IA

    更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of two different types of fast food on postprandial metabolism in normal and overweight subjects.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:The aim was to investigate the effects of a conventional and an unconventional fast-food meal on postprandial metabolism in normal and in overweight subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS:Twenty-five healthy normal (n = 12) and overweight (n = 13) volunteers (21-39 years) participated in this randomized, die...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.125

    authors: Ramel A,Gudmundsdottir FD,Thorsdottir I

    更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • Variation in fasting and non-fasting serum enterolactone concentrations in women of the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to examine the variation of enterolactone from fasting and non-fasting blood of middle-aged healthy women eating a normal diet to determine the usefulness of a single sample in epidemiological studies. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Twenty-six women born between 1940 and 1950 were recruited ...

    journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602811

    authors: Sonestedt E,Ericson U,Gullberg B,Peñalvo JL,Adlercreutz H,Wirfält E

    更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00