Abstract：
:In Britain, frequent rainfall means that there is a high potential for rapid, direct (incidental) losses of phosphorus (P) to occur after fertilizer or manure application. However, despite the known contribution of P to the eutrophication of water bodies in Britain, such incidental transfers have received little experimental attention. To rectify this, we used lysimeter plots (each 3 x 10 m) to investigate incidental transfers in a composite of overland and lateral subsurface flow (0-27 cm) following the application of different P sources. The treatments used were triple super phosphate (TSP), dairy slurry (Slurry), an equal mix of TSP plus slurry (TSP + Slurry), and no P (Zero P). The treatments were applied to wet soil at a rate of 29 kg ha(-1). In the following 169 h, 48.8 mm rainfall (intensity < or =3 mm h(-1)) resulted in total phosphorus (TP) exports between 1.8 and 2.3 kg ha(-1). A single 4-h period (with overland flow) accounted for 33 to 46% of overall loads from the P-amended treatments. Concentrations in discharge from TSP + Slurry and TSP peaked at 11000 microg TP L(-1) (67-68% as reactive P < 0.45 microm (RP<0.45). Slurry peaked at 7000 microg TP L(-1), 66% as particulate TP (>0.45 microm) and 20% as RP<0.45. Even in subsurface flow, concentrations exceeded 3000 microg TP L(-1) for all P-amended treatments. Incidental TP concentrations in plot discharge were up to 110-fold higher than those considered eutrophic in inland waters. We suggest that targeting short-term management decisions for P applications is the most immediately viable method to mitigate P loss and benefit the environment.
journal_name
J Environ Qualjournal_title
Journal of environmental qualityauthors
Preedy N,McTiernan K,Matthews R,Heathwaite L,Haygarth Pdoi
10.2134/jeq2001.2105subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-11-01 00:00:00pages
2105-12issue
6eissn
0047-2425issn
1537-2537journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) slurry (PS) is commonly applied as fertilizer to agricultural fields. Knowledge of PS nitrogen content is essential for good management, but PS nitrogen content is highly variable, not only between farms but also within a farm. Laboratory analysis of animal slurries is often expensive and i...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2011.0352
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Condensed tannins can be found in various parts of many plants. Unlike lignin there has been little study of their fate as they enter the soil organic matter pool and their influence on nutrient cycling, especially through their protein-binding properties. We extracted and characterized tannin-rich fractions from humu...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphorus (P) budgets for large watersheds are often used to predict trends in riverine P export. To test such predictions, we calculated annual P budgets for 1975-1995 for soils of the Maumee and Sandusky watersheds of northwestern Ohio and compared them with riverine P export from these watersheds. Phosphorus input...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2002.9600
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of PO on the sorption and transport of glyphosate [-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, GPS] in soils. The results of batch experiments indicated significant competition between PO and GPS in two different soils, with PO being preferentially sorbed. The 24-h Freundlich part...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2018.06.0252
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2006.0420
更新日期：2007-05-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Excess NO leaching from the agricultural Midwest via tile drainage water has contributed to both local drinking water and national Gulf of Mexico benthic hypoxia concerns. Both in-field and edge-of-field practices have been designed to help mitigate NO flux to surface waters. Edge-of-field practices focus on maximizin...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2018.03.0125
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Placement strategies for P fertilizer can affect P availability to crops and influence the amounts and forms of P removed from soil in runoff, contributing to eutrophication. On the Canadian prairies, most runoff occurs during snowmelt. Two adjacent farm fields in Saskatchewan, Canada, were used to assess the effects ...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2018.07.0276
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The organophosphate insecticide phosmet [phosphorodithioic acid, s-((1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2H-isoindol-2yl)methyl), o,o-dimethyl ester] is used to control red-legged earth mites (Halotydeus destructor), lucerne flea (Sminthurus viridis), and Oriental fruit moth (Cydia molesta) in horticulture and vegetable growing. Th...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2002.1630
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An emerging poultry manure management practice is in-house windrowing to disinfect the litter. However, this practice is likely to increase emissions of ammonia (NH) and nitrous oxide (NO) from the windrowed litter. The objective of this study was to quantitatively compare NH and NO emissions from broiler houses with ...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2016.09.0368
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2004.0335
更新日期：2005-11-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The objectives of this research were to evaluate nitrate N (NO³-N) leaching and turf response to nitrogen rate (NR) and irrigation regime (IR) in 'Floratam' St. Augustinegrass ( [Walt.] Kuntze.) and 'Empire' zoysiagrass ( Steud). The research was conducted in Citra, FL, from 2005 through 2007. Nitrogen (N) was applied...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2011.0183
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The adsorption of chromate on mineral surfaces has received much attention due to its toxicity in natural systems. Spectroscopic studies have demonstrated that chromate forms inner-sphere complexes on variable-charge surfaces. However, in natural systems chromate has been observed to be fairly mobile, which has been e...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2004.1703
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous studies have reported a spectrum of sorption phenomena in soils, sediments, and organic matter isolates of those materials that are inconsistent with a partition model proposed in the late 1970s and early 1980s, a model predicated on a hypothesis that sorption is linear and noncompetitive. To explain these no...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2005.0362
更新日期：2006-05-31 00:00:00
abstract：:The southwest of Western Australia is affected by dryland salinity that results in the loss of previously productive agricultural land, damage to buildings, roads, and other infrastructure, decline in pockets of remnant vegetation and biodiversity, and reduction in water quality. Accurate information on the location a...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2009.0036
更新日期：2009-12-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2007.0006
更新日期：2007-10-16 00:00:00
abstract：:A field study was initiated in 1992 to investigate the long-term impacts of beef feedlot manure application (composted and uncomposted) on nutrient accumulation and movement in soil, corn silage yield, and nutrient uptake. Two application strategies were compared: providing the annual crop nitrogen (N) requirement (N-...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2004.0363
更新日期：2005-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Manure from beef cattle feedyards is a valuable source of nutrients and assists with maintaining soil quality. However, humification and decomposition processes occurring during feedyard manure's on-farm life cycle influence the forms, concentrations, and availability of carbon (C) and nutrients such as nitrogen (N) a...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2013.09.0358
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the importance of vascular plant-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in freshwater systems has been studied, the role of leached DOC as precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during drinking water treatment is not well known. Here we measured the propensity of leachates from four crops and four aquat...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2009.0487
更新日期：2010-04-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have indicated that dissolved-phase metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(methoxy-1-methylethyl) acetamide] transported in surface runoff is retained by vegetative filter strips to a greater degree than either metolachlor oxanilic acid 12-[(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl) (2-methoxy-1-methylethy...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2004.0939
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Determination of sorption of hydrophilic, weakly sorbing organic compounds in soil by conventional batch methods using a slurried suspension is often prone to considerable errors because small changes in the solution concentration on equilibration must be accurately determined. This difficulty is exacerbated for compo...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2003.0423
更新日期：2005-05-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Beef cattle feedlots emit large amounts of the greenhouse gases (GHG) methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO), as well as ammonia (NH), which contributes to NO emission when NH is deposited to land. However, there is a lack of simultaneous, in situ, and nondisturbed measurements of the major GHG gas components from beef c...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2015.06.0278
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) are co-introduced into soils by irrigation with reclaimed wastewater. We targeted carbamazepine (CBZ) as a model compound to study the tertiary interactions between relatively polar PCs, DOM, and soil. Sorption-desorption behavior of CBZ was studied wit...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2010.0446
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Horse paddocks have been identified as a significant contributor of animal waste nutrients to natural waters; thus, modified paddock management is needed. Because chemical amendments pose a health risk to horses, an alternative for reducing nutrient translocation from manure is to add available organic residues to the...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2016.06.0223
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The widespread use of chromium (Cr) has a deleterious impact on the environment. A number of pathways, both biotic and abiotic in character, determine the fate and speciation of Cr in soils. Chromium exists in two predominant species in the environment: trivalent [(Cr(III)] and hexavalent [Cr(VI)]. Of these two forms,...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2011.0145
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oily food waste (FOG; fat + oil + greases) containing high concentrations of fat, oil and grease is produced by the food service, production, and processing industries. It has a high C to N ratio (90:1) and can recycle soil available N through immobilization and remineralization during its decomposition. Experiments w...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2004.0299
更新日期：2005-04-20 00:00:00
abstract：:On-site septic systems require appropriate soil characteristics to provide effective wastewater treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate siting practices and treatment efficacy of on-site septic systems within the Cannonsville Reservoir watershed (115900 ha) in the state of New York. Using digital soil s...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2004.1989
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ultraviolet-B radiation is an environmental stress for plants and this situation could become aggravated in the next decades. In this study we used Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) as a model system to test whether an environmental stress derived from global change, such as UVB, can influence the efficacy of...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2004.1376
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Shifts in precipitation regimes due to the predicted climate changes can alter the water content in tropical soils and, consequently, may influence the toxicity of pesticides to soil fauna. This study assessed the influence of soil moisture content on the toxicity of the insecticide imidacloprid to the collembolans Fo...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jeq2.20143
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2012.0251
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential excessive nutrient and/or microbial loading from mismanaged land application of organic fertilizers is forcing changes in animal waste management. Currently, it is not clear to what extent different rates of poultry litter impact soil microbial communities, which control nutrient availability, organic ma...
journal_title：Journal of environmental quality
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2134/jeq2005.0470
更新日期：2006-07-06 00:00:00
