Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Although the association between depression and the incidence of coronary heart disease has been established in many studies, the impact of depression on the incidence of heart failure has not been previously investigated. METHODS:We examined the effect of depression (assessed by means of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) with a cutoff point of > or =21) on the incidence of heart failure in a community sample of persons aged > or =65 years who were participants in the New Haven cohort of the Established Populations for Epidemiological Studies in the Elderly. RESULTS:At baseline 2501 individuals were free of heart failure. Of these, 188 (132 women and 56 men) scored as depressed. Depressed participants were significantly more likely to have hypertension, diabetes, and mobility-related functional limitations and were less likely to be male or married. During the 14-year follow-up period, 313 participants (146 men and 167 women) developed heart failure, defined as hospital admission for heart failure or mortality with heart failure as the underlying cause of death. After adjusting for baseline differences in demographic and comorbidity factors and functional status using Cox regression, depression tended to be associated with a greater risk of heart failure (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.94-2.43, p =.09). This effect was significant in women (HR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.11-3.46, p =.02) but not in men (HR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.23-1.71, p =.05 for the interaction term between sex and depression). CONCLUSIONS:Depression is an independent risk factor for heart failure among elderly women but not elderly men.
journal_name
Psychosom Medjournal_title
Psychosomatic medicineauthors
Williams SA,Kasl SV,Heiat A,Abramson JL,Krumholz HM,Vaccarino Vdoi
10.1097/00006842-200201000-00002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-01-01 00:00:00pages
6-12issue
1eissn
0033-3174issn
1534-7796journal_volume
64pub_type
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journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00