Abstract：
:The removal of the background from a noisy image to leave the object of interest, with well defined edges, is a difficult task. Images obtained using radioisotopes have low signal-to-noise ratios due to scattered photons, as well as emitted radiation from the background. Moreover, noise is, also, a consequence of the low number of detected photons. A scan of a row or column of such an image demonstrates that the pixels do not change value rapidly near the edge of the object. In addition, clusters of pixels, which can be found outside the edges of the object and in the background, can have higher values than those in the object. This effect is worse in abnormal images, where the abnormal clusters may have values as low as those of the noisy clusters. An image processing technique has been developed to determine the object edges. It is part of a research project in the field of the computer aided diagnosis, which involves artificial neural networks. It makes use of the so-called 'moving window operations' which are very common in digital image processing. The technique was tested using male lung images that were taken by a gamma camera.
journal_name
Med Eng Physjournal_title
Medical engineering & physicsauthors
Livieratos GN,Chappell PHdoi
10.1016/1350-4533(95)00043-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-03-01 00:00:00pages
143-9issue
2eissn
1350-4533issn
1873-4030pii
1350453395000437journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Electromyography (EMG) has been widely used for the assessment of musculoskeletal functions and the control of electrical prostheses, which make use of the EMG signal generated by the contraction of the residual muscles. In spite of the successful applications of EMG in different fields, it has some inherent limitatio...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2005.07.012
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantifying the risk of falling (falls risk) would be helpful in treating people with gait disorders. The gait sensitivity norm (GSN) is a stability measure that correlates well to risk of falling in passive dynamic walkers but has not been evaluated on humans or human-like walking models. We assessed the correlation ...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.03.018
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential for a simple, non-invasive measure of respiratory effort based on the pulse oximeter signal - the photoplethysmogram or 'pleth' - was investigated in a pilot study. Several parameters were developed based on a variety of manifestations of respiratory effort in the signal, including modulation changes in ...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.12.010
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the fields of medicine and biomechanics, MEMS accelerometers are increasingly used to perform activity recognition by directly measuring acceleration; to calculate speed and position by numerical integration of the signal; or to estimate the orientation of body parts in combination with gyroscopes. For some of thes...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.08.004
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The paper described a limited part of the coagulation pathway, and in particular the inhibitory effects of activated protein C in the context of thrombin production. This is a computational modeling study with various assumption made of kinetic rates laws and their summation. The level of complexity and assumed parame...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2004.01.003
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study presents a specimen-specific C2-C7 cervical spine finite element model that was developed using multiblock meshing techniques. The model was validated using in-house experimental flexibility data obtained from the cadaveric specimen used for mesh development. The C2-C7 specimen was subjected to pure continu...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.03.001
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:An ideal prosthetic mesh for incisional hernia repair should mimic the anisotropic compliance of the abdominal wall, and at lower loads should exhibit higher distensibility without impairment of safety at higher loads. This study evaluated the biomechanical properties of six meshes in a rabbit model. METHOD...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.09.022
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dental implant stability influences the decision on the determination of the duration between implant insertion and loading. This work investigates the resonant frequency analysis by means of a numerical model. The investigation is done numerically through the determination of the eigenfrequencies and performing stead...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.02.008
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complications arising from limb-lengthening procedures such as muscle contracture, axial malalignment of the bone and traction injuries to the nerves and vessels, are often severe. Often complications arise from the build-up of forces in the biological tissues which are resisting lengthening. Little is known about the...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1350-4533(97)00010-6
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulse transit time (PTT) has emerged over the recent decades as a simple and non-invasive measure to quantify inspiratory effort changes in adults with sleep disordered breathing (SDB). Hence, this shows promise to be an effective screening tool for the paediatrics. However, little is known about its utility and suita...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2006.01.006
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the role of cavitation in the therapeutic applications of ultrasound and laser surgery, and the cavitation effects in mechanical heart valves. Whenever laser pulses are used to ablate or disrupt tissue in a liquid environment, cavitation bubbles are produced which interact with the tissue. The int...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.03.007
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The strains developed on the surface of a femur with and without an implanted femoral hip replacement were investigated using holographic interferometry (HI). Interferometric fringe data from the four aspects of the loaded femur were quantified and the resulting curvature calculated. Curvature was related to the strai...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1350-4533(98)00003-4
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Truly representative architectural parameters of trabeculea can be extremely difficult to achieve based on scanning images because of variable porosity and distribution of trabeculae within the specific overall scanned volume of bone. Accordingly, in present study different selective volume of interests, measured from...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.01.014
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Beat detection is a basic and fundamental step in electrocardiogram (ECG) processing. In many ECG applications strong artifacts from biological or technical sources could appear and cause distortion of ECG signals. Beat detection algorithm desired property is to avoid these distortions and detect beats in any situatio...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2012.07.017
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a major complication during hemodialysis treatment, and therefore it is highly desirable to identify, at an early stage during treatment, whether the patient is prone to IDH. Heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were analyzed...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2015.10.003
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study describes the method of determination of the position and orientation of artificial knee implants using a single-plane radiograph. To simplify the 3D/2D matching problem, we proposed to use small markers embedded in a bone. From the image coordinates of markers, it is possible to estimate the position and o...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1350-4533(03)00037-7
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acetabular cup (AC) is an implant impacted into a bone cavity and used for hip prosthesis surgery. Initial stability of the AC is an important factor for long term surgical success. The aim of this study is to determine the variations of the impact duration during AC implant insertion. Twenty-two bone samples take...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.04.005
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper the biomechanical response of a novel dental preparation technique, referred to as the Anatomic-Functional-Geometry treatment (AFG), is investigated through a 3D nonlinear finite-element modelling approach. A comparative investigation against a standard technique employed in dental clinical practice is c...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.10.016
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a well-established technique for determining the electrical activity of the heart and studying its diseases. One of the most common pieces of information that can be read from the ECG is the heart rate (HR) through the detection of its most prominent feature: the QRS complex. This paper ...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2015.03.019
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To reduce the time of computation of a motor unit potential (MUP), the shape of intracellular action potential (IAP) and (or) MU anatomy are generally simplified. A method of MUP presentation is suggested. It provides accuracy of the MUPs calculated for any distance and size of rectangular electrodes together with con...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1350-4533(98)00014-9
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Investigations into the effects of sterilization on a new biomechanical pressure sensor are necessary before contemplating in vivo use. Ten, designated Experimental, "K-Scan" digital pressure sensor arrays were sterilized with ethylene oxide gas (EtO), and their ability to accurately and reproducibly measure an applie...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1350-4533(03)00119-x
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artificial blood pumps play an increasingly important role in the treatment of end-stage cardiac failure. The fluid dynamics of blood flow through such devices crucially affects their clinical effectiveness. Specifically, if the flow of blood stagnates or slowly re-circulates thrombus formation can occur and the avoid...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1350-4533(00)00023-0
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The biomechanical strength of the skeleton, and hence the risk of future fractures, depends on both the bone quantity (assessed in terms of bone mineral density) and bone quality (assessed in terms of the integrity of its internal architecture). Precise methods of measuring the calcium-equivalent density of both the t...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1350-4533(96)00011-2
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is an increasing awareness among the populace of the need for regular health check-up to detect diseases in their early stages and thereby administer treatments in a timely fashion. However, commercially available physiological signal monitoring devices, which may offer clues on the onset of diseases, are time-c...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.04.011
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes a non-invasive human brain-actuated robotic arm experiment, which allows remote writing. In the local environment, the participant decides on an arbitrary word to transmit. A mental speller interface is then used to select the letters. A robot arm placed in the remote environment writes the word o...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.06.005
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Balance impairment is critical for many patient groups such as those with neural and musculoskeletal disorders and also the elderly. Accurate and objective assessment of balance performance has led to the development of several indices based on the measurement of the center of pressure. In this study, a robotic device...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.07.006
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human-administered clinical scales are commonly used for quantifying motor performance and determining the course of therapy in post-stroke individuals. Computerized methods aim to improve consistency, resolution and duration of patients' evaluation. The objective of this study was to test the validity of computerized...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.06.001
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the precise causes of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) are still unclear there is evidence to suggest that hypoxaemia may be a contributory factor. Transcutaneous oxygen monitors can be used but are unsatisfactory for young babies in the home. As an alternative approach, respiratory patterns can be studied...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1350-4533(94)90005-1
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A small and wireless device that can capture the temporal pattern of perspiration by a novel structure of water vapor collection combined with reusable desiccant has been developed. The novel device consists of a small cylindrical case with a temperature/relative humidity sensor, battery-driven data logger, and silica...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2015.12.009
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aims of the present study were to test the hypotheses that (1) the compressive properties of articular cartilage are affected more by changes in the medium ionic concentration than the tensile properties, (2) collagen network controls the compression-tension nonlinearity of articular cartilage, and (3) proteoglycan (P...
journal_title：Medical engineering & physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.11.004
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
