Estimating the burden of disease from water, sanitation, and hygiene at a global level.

abstract：:Inorganic particulate matter in foods and drugs is discussed from the standpoint of determination by optical microscopy, source, and regulatory significance. Some particulate matter may be generated as extraneous material and traced to specific operational practices during processing and production with excessive leve...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Eisenberg WV

更新日期：1974-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of low concentrations of perchlorate in some drinking water sources has led to concern regarding potential effects on the thyroid. In a recently published report, the National Academy of Sciences indicated that the perchlorate dose required to cause hypothyroidism in adults would probably be > 0.40 mg/kg-...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Crump KS,Gibbs JP

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although acute adverse effects on asthma have been frequently found for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's principal criteria air pollutants, there is little epidemiologic information on specific hydrocarbons from toxic emission sources. We conducted a panel study of 22 Hispanic children with asthma who were 1...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Delfino RJ,Gong H Jr,Linn WS,Pellizzari ED,Hu Y

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report updates the risk assessment by Crump and Allen for benzene-induced leukemia that was based on a cohort exposed to benzene in the manufacture of Pliofilm. The present study derives new risk estimates using data from follow-up through 1987 (whereas the earlier assessment only had follow-up available through ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Crump KS

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitroaromatic compounds, ArNO2 have widespread actual or potential use in medicine and cancer therapy. There is direct proof that free-radical metabolites are involved in many applications, and an appreciation of the conceptual basis for their therapeutic differential; however, an understanding of the detailed mechani...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wardman P

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of their history of widespread use in the United States and unknown long-term health effects, organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are being considered as a chemical class of interest in planning for the National Children's Study, a longitudinal study of children's environmental health. The availability and approp...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wessels D,Barr DB,Mendola P

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipocortins are structurally related, glucocorticoid-inducible proteins that inhibit phospholipase A2 (PLA2), thereby reducing the liberation of arachidonic acid from phospholipids and so limiting the synthesis of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators. This study is the first demonstration of one lipocortin, lipocortin 1 ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Smith SF,Tetley TD,Guz A,Flower RJ

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human epidemiological and animal studies suggest that developmental exposure to contaminants that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) lead to suppression of immune system function throughout life. The persistence of immune deficiency throughout life suggests that the cellular target of AHR activatio...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Laiosa MD,Tate ER,Ahrenhoerster LS,Chen Y,Wang D

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used as flame retardants and are becoming a ubiquitous environmental contaminant. Adverse effects in the developing brain are of great health concern. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the effect of PBDEs/hydroxylated PBDEs (OH-PBDEs) on thyroid hormone (TH) receptor...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Ibhazehiebo K,Iwasaki T,Kimura-Kuroda J,Miyazaki W,Shimokawa N,Koibuchi N

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large quantities of food processing, crop, forestry, and animal solid wastes are generated in the United States each year. The major components of these wastes are biodegradable. However, they also contain components such as nitrogen, human and animal pathogens, medicinals, feed additives, salts, and certain metals, t...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Loehr RC

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:mental retardation: timing and thresholds; (italic)b(/italic)) endocrine dysfunction and developmental disabilities: dose and target implications; (italic)c(/italic)) attention-deficit disorder-ADHD and learning disabilities; and (italic)d(/italic)) new horizons: extending the boundaries. Support for the Rochester con...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Weiss B,Landrigan PJ

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent data from deep uranium mines in Czechoslovakia indicated that mines are exposed to other mutagenic factors in addition to radon daughter products. Mycotoxins were identified as a possible source of mutagens in these mines. Mycotoxins were examined in 38 samples from mines and in throat swabs taken from 116 mine...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Srám RJ,Dobiás L,Rössner P,Veselá D,Veselý D,Rakusová R,Rericha V

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Endocrine-disrupting chemicals have been shown to have broad effects on development, but their mutagenic actions that can lead to cancer have been less clearly demonstrated. Physiological levels of estrogen have been shown to stimulate DNA damage in breast epithelial cells through mechanisms mediated by estr...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Majhi PD,Sharma A,Roberts AL,Daniele E,Majewski AR,Chuong LM,Black AL,Vandenberg LN,Schneider SS,Dunphy KA,Jerry DJ

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies were performed to investigate the effects of FireMaster FF-1, a chemical fire retardant consisting of a mixture of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), on immune functions in mice and rats. Animals received 22 daily treatments of 0.03, 0.3, 3.0, or 30 mg PBB/kg body weight in a period covering 30 days. PBB exposure...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Luster MI,Faith RE,Moore JA

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This subject concerns the complex interrelationship of a genetically determined protein deficiency, enzymes which are inhibited by that protein, environmental challenges such as cigarette smoke and industrial pollutants, and the occurrence of obstructive lung disease (Fig. 1). Unequivocal establishment of an etiologic...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Evans HE,Bognacki N

更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The carcinogenic properties of selected metals and their compounds are reviewed to provide a useful reference for existing knowledge on relationships between physical and chemical forms, kinetics and carcinogenic potential and between epidemiology, bioassays, and short-term tests. Extensive consideration is given to a...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Magos L

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to identify mental, behavioral, and cognitive disorders that may be triggered or exacerbated during heat waves, predisposing individuals to heat-related morbidity and mortality. DESIGN:Using health outcome data from Adelaide, South Australia, for 1993-2006, we estimated the effect ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hansen A,Bi P,Nitschke M,Ryan P,Pisaniello D,Tucker G

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We measured volatile organic compound (VOC) exposures in multiple locations for a diverse population of children who attended two inner-city schools in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Fifteen common VOCs were measured at four locations: outdoors (O), indoors at school (S), indoors at home (H), and in personal samples (P). Con...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Adgate JL,Church TR,Ryan AD,Ramachandran G,Fredrickson AL,Stock TH,Morandi MT,Sexton K

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An impressive array of evidence has been obtained during the past decade establishing correlations between specific DNA adducts and carcinogenesis. Many of the studies utilized organ specific differences in carcinogenesis to establish the correlations. More recently, we have investigated similar relationships between ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Swenberg JA,Richardson FC,Boucheron JA,Dyroff MC

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxicity testing in AS52 cells (24-hr exposures) gave LC50 values of 2 to 130 micrograms Ni/ml for particulate nickel compounds and 45 to 60 micrograms Ni/ml for water-soluble salts (NiCl2, NiSO4, Ni(CH3COO)2). The Ni(OH)2, NiCO3, and sulfides (Ni3S2, Ni7S6, "amorphous NiS") exhibited similar toxicities (LC50's of 2 t...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Fletcher GG,Rossetto FE,Turnbull JD,Nieboer E

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the effect of processing on polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) levels, milk from four dairy herds containing less than 0.3 ppm (fat basis) of physiologically incorporated PBBs was presented individually into cream, skim milk, butter, and stirred curd cheese. Pasteurized and freeze-dried whole milk, skim milk, and ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Zabik ME,Johnson TM,Smith S

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although broad links between climatic factors and coccidioidomycosis have been established, the identification of simple and robust relationships linking climatic controls to seasonal timing and outbreaks of the disease has remained elusive. Using an adaptive data-oriented method for estimating date of exposure, in th...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Comrie AC

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 26th annual conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology was held 24-28 August 2014 in Seattle, Washington. The conference theme was "From Local to Global: Advancing Science for Policy in Environmental Health." Sessions highlighted results assessing the burden of diseases from environment...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors：

更新日期：2014-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The formamidines, a relatively new group of acaricide-insecticides, are novel both in their range of biological activities and in their mode of action, which is presently unknown. This paper is a review of the historical development, properties, structures, uses, and chemistry of this group of pesticides, with particu...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hollingworth RM

更新日期：1976-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed the reproducibility of X-ray fluorescence-based lead measurements from multiple measurements made on a low-concentration plaster of paris phantom and in five subjects measured five times on two occasions. Over a 6-month period, 220 measurements of the same phantom were obtained and showed a standard deviat...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Gordon CL,Webber CE,Chettle DR

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (Gal-GalNAc) represents a tumor-associated molecule, which is assumed to be one of the few chemically well-defined antigens with a proven association with malignancy. In order to analyze the role of the carbohydrate structure Gal-GalNAc for gastrointestinal tumors, we immunized Balb/c ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Dippold W,Steinborn A,Meyer zum Büschenfelde KH

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Airway mucus is a complex airway secretion whose primary function as part of the mucociliary transport mechanism is to to serve as renewable and transportable barrier against inhaled particulates and toxic agents. The rheologic properties necessary for this function are imparted by glycoproteins, or mucins. Some respi...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Samet JM,Cheng PW

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In estimating the cancer mortality risk for radiation workers it is conventional to use data obtained from the populations exposed to radiation as a result of the atomic bomb blast in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This A-bomb experience resulted in relatively high doses of radiation and short periods of exposure. The availa...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Stewart A

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Along the Texas-Mexico border, the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) among Mexican-American women doubled during 1990-1991. The human outbreak began during the same crop year as epizootics attributed to exposure to fumonisin, a mycotoxin that often contaminates corn. Because Mexican Americans in Texas consume l...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Missmer SA,Suarez L,Felkner M,Wang E,Merrill AH Jr,Rothman KJ,Hendricks KA

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1,3-Butadiene is a major monomer in the rubber and plastics industry and is one of the highest-production industrial chemicals in the United States. Although not highly acutely toxic to rodents, inhalation of concentrations as low as 6.25 ppm causes tumors in mice. Butadiene is oncogenic in rats, but much higher expos...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Birnbaum LS

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00