Abstract:
:According to a "two-hit" model, dominantly inherited predisposition to cancer entails a germline mutation, while tumorigenesis requires a second, somatic, mutation. Non-hereditary cancer of the same type requires the same two hits, but both are somatic. The original tumor used in this model, retinoblastoma, involves mutation or loss of both are somatic. The original tumor used in this model, retinoblastoma, involves mutation or loss of both copies of the RB1 tumor-suppressor gene in both hereditary and non-hereditary forms. In fact, most dominantly inherited cancers show this relationship. New dominantly inherited cancers show this relationship. New questions have arisen, however. When a tumor-suppressor gene is ubiquitously expressed, why is there any specificity of tumor predilection? In some instances, it is clear that two hits produce only a benign precursor lesion and that other genetic events are necessary. As the number of necessary events increase, the impact of the germline mutation diminishes. The number of events is least for embryonal tumors, and relatively small for certain sarcomas. Stem-cell proliferation evidently plays a key role early in carcinogenesis. In some tissues it is physiological, as in embryonic development and in certain tissues in adolescence. In adult renewal tissues, the sites of the common carcinomas, mutation may be necessary to impair the control of switching between renewal and replicative cell divisions; the APC gene may be the target of such a mutation.
journal_name
J Cancer Res Clin Oncoljournal_title
Journal of cancer research and clinical oncologyauthors
Knudson AGdoi
10.1007/BF01366952subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-01-01 00:00:00pages
135-40issue
3eissn
0171-5216issn
1432-1335journal_volume
122pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The standard definition of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer or primary peritoneal carcinoma commonly includes patients whose disease initially responded to a platinum-based combination regimen, but recurred less than 6 months after the completion of primary therapy. Recent experience with several patients with these ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004320050177
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Many biochemical processes are closely related to ion exchange, adsorption, and catalysis. Zeolites reversibly bind small molecules such as oxygen or nitric oxide; they possess size and shape selectivity, the possibility of metalloenzyme mimicry, and immunomodulatory activity. These properties make them interes...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-001-0301-6
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abstract::The hospital records of 60 female and 56 male pancreatic cancer patients and 232 age-, race-, sex-, and hospital-matched controls were reviewed for evidence of prior thyroid disease, cholecystectomy, appendectomy, alcohol consumption and among females, for diseases for the endometrium and ovary. No statistically signi...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-001-0320-3
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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doi:10.1007/s00432-005-0048-6
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors of this "Letter to the Editors" express their major concern about selective and biased reporting in this paper. ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 信件
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更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we investigated the presence of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGF-R) and the tissue levels of EGF-like factors (EGF-F) in ovarian, endometrial, cervical and breast carcinomas. EGF-R were found in 33/40 (83%) cervical, 15/26 (58%) endometrial, 64/141 (45%) ovarian, and 19/59 (33%) breast carcinomas. ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00397923
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01240146
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel butyric acid derivative, pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate, AN-9, was previously shown to be a potent differentiating agent. AN-9 exerts a significant anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. In all the activities examined, AN-9 was more potent than butyric acid. Here we show that AN-9 and butyric acid induce cell d...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01214667
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory and clinical data suggest some interactions between cytotoxic agents and tamoxifen. The mechanisms of these interactions differ in estrogen-receptor-negative cell lines. The ability of tamoxifen to modify the effects of epirubicin on the cell-cycle phases of estrogen-receptor-negative Ehrlich's carcinoma as...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01269889
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare thyroid malignancy. About 75% are sporadic (sMTC) while the remaining 25% are hereditary (hMTC). The treatment of choice for both sMTC and hMTC is surgery. An adequate initial operation provides the best chance of cure. Hence, the diagnosis of MTC should be made preoperative...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we report that the betel quid ingredient catechu, its extract and pure principle catechin were nonmutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA 100, TA 1535, TA 98, and TA 1538 assays with or without metabolic activation. They also exhibited dose-dependent decreases in mutagenicity of benzo(a)pyrene [B(...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00417833
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00402603
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Kinase insert domain-containing receptor (KDR) is one of the molecular targets used in cancer therapy. We studied the KDR expression characteristics and the relationship with the clinical parameters of the patients with lung cancer, to give the basic evidence and clue for tailoring therapy. METHODS:Reverse tra...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-007-0214-0
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The TNM classification is used to assess cancers of the oral cavity, and advancements in imaging techniques have revealed clear variations in tumor volume at presentation. This study therefore aimed to clarify whether preoperative imaging, with exact measurements of the tumor, could affect post-surgery survival...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-014-1881-2
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A continuous line of human breast carcinoma cells, VHB-1, was established in culture following collagenase treatment of an infiltrating duct cell carcinoma. The cells displayed an epithelial pattern and multiplied rapidly. Maintained in monolayer culture, the VHB-1 cells exhibited a 30-h doubling time and a plating ef...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00390864
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Mitochondrial DNA alterations have widely been reported in many age-related degenerative diseases and tumors, including colorectal cancer. In the past few years, the discovery of inter-genomic crosstalk between nucleus and mitochondria has reinforced the role of mitochondrial DNA variants in perturbing thi...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00432-017-2418-2
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Piperlongumine (PL) has been shown to selectively induce apoptotic cell death in cancer cells via reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In this study, we characterized a molecular mechanism for PL-induced cell death. METHODS:Cell viability and cell death were assessed by MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI s...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-014-1777-1
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-010-0806-y
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abstract::An in vitro double-labeling technique for determination of kinetic growth parameters was tested; 13 renal sarcomas of rats were incubated after excision under standardized conditions with 14C- and 3H-thymidine successively. Another ten tumors were evaluated after in vivo double injection of 14C and 3H-thymidine into s...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-013-1459-4
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic predisposition is responsible for 5% 10% of all breast cancer cases. Therefore, the inherited susceptibility to breast cancer has been intensively investigated during the last 10 years. In particular, the identification of the breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 (breast cancer gene 1) and BRCA2 and the cu...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The proto-oncogene forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is associated with poor survival in many cancers. The impact of FOXM1 expression on progression-free survival (PFS) of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has not yet been investigated. The differential expression of FOXM1 between the different molecular NMIBC s...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-018-2694-5
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The role of somatic BRCA1/2 gene mutations in breast cancer is getting increasing attention in view of hereditary disease. The medullary phenotype and triple negative intrinsic subtypes are often, but not exclusively encountered in BRCA1 germline mutated breast cancer, whilst for BRCA2, no association to spe...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-018-2609-5
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that are critical regulators of various diseases including cancer, and may represent a novel class of cancer biomarkers. Recent reports have highlighted the oncogenic aspects of miR-125b. However, the level and clinical relevance of circulating miR-125b transcripts in human ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-012-1285-0
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cohort of 5,477 male Japanese physicians was studied to examine the relationship between smoking habits and mortalities from cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke over 12.7 years. The logistic regression analysis based on proportional hazard models was used for statistical assessment. The risks of both lun...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00402732
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to determine the dose effect of smoking on the mutational frequency and spectrum of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in Korean non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS:Detailed smoking histories were obtained from 324 consecutively enrolled Korean NSCLC patients. Mutational stat...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-010-0853-4
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antitumor and anti-metastatic effects of a potent angiogenesis inhibitor, O-(chloroacetyl-carbamoyl)fumagillol (TNP-470), was investigated in a highly metastatic model of human hepatocellular carcinoma-LCI-D20. Small pieces of LCI-D20 tumor tissue were implanted subcutaneously into the right axillary region of 24 ...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01240121
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Objective of this work was to extend pharmacokinetic scaling theory of the writer for bolus dosing to include the case of constant-rate i.v. dosing over fixed interval so as to allow projection of adult dose and schedule of typically administered anticancer agents to children. METHODS:The basis for the scaling...
journal_title:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00432-013-1508-z
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00