Abstract:
:Inflammatory stimuli result in the production of cutaneous eicosanoids, which are known to contribute to the process of tumor promotion. Cyclooxygenase (COX), the rate-limiting enzyme for the production of prostaglandins (PG) from arachidonic acid, exists in at least two isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues and plays various physiological roles, whereas increased COX-2 expression is known to occur in several types of epithelial neoplasms. Enhanced PG synthesis is a potential contributing factor in UVB-induced nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC). Increased COX-2 staining occurs in murine skin neoplasms after chronic exposure to carcinogenic doses of UVB. In this study, immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses were employed to assess longitudinally COX-2 expression in a standard mouse UVB complete carcinogenesis protocol and in human basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). During UVB irradiation of mice, COX-2 expression consistently increased in the hyperplastic skin, the benign papillomas and the SCC. COX-2 expression was also increased in human actinic keratoses, SCC and BCC as well as in murine SCC and BCC. The pattern of COX-2 expression was quite variable, occurring in a patchy distribution in some lesions with staining confined mainly to suprabasal cell layers. In general, COX-2 expression progressively became more extensive in benign papillomas and well-differentiated murine SCC. The staining was predominantly cytoplasmic and perinuclear in some focal areas in tissue stroma around both murine and human tumors. Western blot analysis confirmed negative COX-2 expression in normal skin, whereas acute UVB exposure resulted in increased enzyme expression, which continued to increase in developing papillomas and SCC. Because of the evidence indicating a pathogenic role for eicosanoids in murine and human skin neoplasms, we performed studies to assess the anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic effects of green tea extracts, which are potent antioxidants. Acute exposure of the human skin to UVB (minimum erythema dose x 4) caused a transient enhancement of the COX-2 expression, which reverted to baseline within hours; however, in murine skin the expression persisted for several days. Pretreatment with the topically applied green tea extract (1 mg/cm2) largely abrogated the acute COX-2 response to UVB in mice or humans. In summary, enhanced COX-2 expression serves as a marker of epidermal UVB exposure for murine and human NMSC. These results suggest that COX-2 inhibitors could have potent anticarcinogenic effects in UVB-induced skin cancer.
journal_name
Photochem Photobioljournal_title
Photochemistry and photobiologyauthors
An KP,Athar M,Tang X,Katiyar SK,Russo J,Beech J,Aszterbaum M,Kopelovich L,Epstein EH Jr,Mukhtar H,Bickers DRdoi
10.1562/0031-8655(2002)076<0073:ceimah>2.0.co;2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-07-01 00:00:00pages
73-80issue
1eissn
0031-8655issn
1751-1097journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::UVB radiation contributes to both direct and indirect damage to the skin including the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory responses, immunosuppression and gene mutations, which can ultimately lead to photocarcinogenesis. A plant-derived flavonoid, baicalin, has been shown to ha...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
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更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1562/2005-08-23-RA-656
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The red-shift of furocoumarin action spectra, compared with their absorption spectra, has been investigated. An action spectrum for 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) monoadduct formation in the yeast Candida albicans has been determined. The yeast cells were initially exposed to sublethal doses of monochromatic UVA at differe...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1989.tb02906.x
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2001)074<0760:qosmoo>2.0.co;2
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/php.13140
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1562/0031-8655(1999)069<0364:dofapo>2.3.co;2
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/php.12716
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 社论
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更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Biophysical and photobiological properties of a group of bacteriochlorins were compared with efficacy of these products for photodynamic therapy of murine tumors. Predictive factors for selective photosensitization in vivo include affinity binding to lipoproteins greater than albumin, extinction coefficient at the wav...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
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abstract::It is generally assumed that a central metal is essential for the efficiency of phthalocyanines in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. Contrary to the set opinion, the results of the present study indicate that the metal-free sulfonated phthalocyanines (H2PcSn, where n is the number of sulfonate groups per molecule)...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
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abstract::The photodynamic effect of hypericin on EMT6 mouse mammary carcinoma cells was investigated in vitro under aerobic and hypoxic conditions. Under aerobic conditions, hypericin-induced photocytotoxicity was dose dependent within a 1-50 microM range. Under hypoxic conditions, cells were resistant to hypericin-induced pho...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::The chloride effect on the photobleaching process of iodopsin, a chicken red-sensitive cone visual pigment, was studied in detail by time-resolved low-temperature spectroscopy at -40 degrees C to -10 degrees C. Decay-associated difference spectra obtained by kinetic analysis using the singular value decomposition meth...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The design, synthesis and application of a new fluorescent-labeling reagent for collagen has been developed as a prerequisite for the design of a photoactivated collagen-crosslinking compound for surgical wound closure. The amine groups in collagen are the targets of a rational design for a new fluorophore because nat...
journal_title:Photochemistry and photobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00