Prospects for new vaccines against tuberculosis.

abstract：:The human virome is the viral component of the microbiome. Its composition, and interindividual and temporal variability are not precisely known. Its impact on human health has received less attention than that of the bacterial microbiome, but is likely to be equally important, both in homeostasis and disease. Here we...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Lecuit M,Eloit M

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quorum sensing is a process of bacterial cell-cell communication that uses small diffusible molecules to coordinate diverse behaviors in response to population density. The only quorum-sensing system shared by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria involves the production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2). The AI-2 synthase L...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： De Keersmaecker SC,Sonck K,Vanderleyden J

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Horizontal gene transfer can provide bacteria with new functions that confer an important competitive advantage, and is therefore likely to affect the dynamics of bacterial ecosystems. Two studies by Wolfe et al. and Bonham et al. prepare the way to study this hypothesis in a model ecosystem with reproducible properti...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： van de Guchte M

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungi are an important constituent of microbial endolithic assemblages in marine ecosystems. As euendoliths, they penetrate limestone, mollusk shells and other carbonate substrates, where they can exploit mineralized organic matter, attack their hosts, or engage in symbiotic relationships. They leave specific boring t...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Golubic S,Radtke G,Le Campion-Alsumard T

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several attempts have been made to identify the minimal set of genes that is required for life using computational approaches or studies of deletion mutants. These experiments resemble those already performed by nature; a few hundred million years ago an ancestor of Escherichia coli was domesticated by aphids, which r...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Klasson L,Andersson SG

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endogenous circadian clock of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus controls many cellular processes and confers an adaptive advantage on this organism in a competitive environment. To be advantageous, this internal biological oscillator must be reset daily to remain in synchrony with its environment and to t...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Mackey SR,Golden SS

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs) are a family of proteins that are defined by the presence of two adjacent IgG-like folded subdomains. These promote binding to ligands by mechanisms that involve major conformational changes exemplified by the binding to fibrinogen by th...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Foster TJ

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an intracellular pathogen that infects 10 million people worldwide and kills 2 million people every year. The uptake and utilization of nutrients by Mtb within the host cell is still poorly understood, although lipids play an important role in Mtb persistence. The recent identificat...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Ouellet H,Johnston JB,de Montellano PR

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many proteins are transported to the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans to be either integrated into the cell-wall structure or exported to the external medium. Secretion of many of these proteins through the classical endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi pathway is driven by a canonical N-terminal s...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Nombela C,Gil C,Chaffin WL

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional regulation enables adaptation in bacteria. Typically, only a few transcriptional events are well understood, leaving many others unidentified. The recent genome-wide identification of transcription factor binding sites in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has changed this by deciphering a molecular road-map o...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Baloni P,Chandra N

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to tetracycline is generally due either to energy-dependent efflux of tetracycline or to protection of the bacterial ribosomes from the action of tetracycline. The genes that encode this resistance are normally acquired via transferable plasmids and/or transposons. Tet determinants have been found in a wide...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Roberts MC

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycoplasmas are minute wall-less bacterial parasites that exhibit strict host and tissue specificities. They enter, multiply and survive within the host for extended periods by circumventing host defenses. Their intimate interaction with eukaryotic cells, and in some cases the subsequent invasion into or fusion with t...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rottem S,Naot Y

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, a new group of multicellular microorganisms was discovered, called 'cable bacteria', which are capable of generating and mediating electrical currents across centimetre-scale distances. By transporting electrons from cell to cell, cable bacteria can harvest electron donors and electron acceptors that are wid...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Meysman FJR

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selected bacterial pathogens, such as Helicobacter pylori and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, establish persistent infections in mammalian hosts despite activating inflammatory and antimicrobial responses. The strategies used to overcome host defense responses vary with the anatomical location of the infection but often r...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rhen M,Eriksson S,Clements M,Bergström S,Normark SJ

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphite, a species of phosphorus in a P3+ oxidation state, is believed to have played an important role in the primordial Earth. Figueroa et al. used metagenomics to uncover anaerobic bacterial communities from waste water waste sludge that sustain life from energy provided by phosphite. ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Tapia-Torres Y,Olmedo-Álvarez G

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses that have coevolved with their host establish chronic infections that are well tolerated by the host. Other viruses, that are partly adapted to their host, may induce chronic infections where persistent replication and viral antigen expression occur. The former induce highly functional and resilient CD8T cell ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Cicin-Sain L,Arens R

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is usually assumed that most prokaryotes, when given appropriate nutrients, can grow and divide in the absence of other cells of the same species. However, recent studies have suggested that, for growth, prokaryotes need to communicate with each other using signalling molecules, and a variety of 'eukaryotic' hormon...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Kaprelyants AS,Kell DB

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer progression begins when malignant cells colonize adjacent sites, and it is characterized by increasing tumor heterogeneity, invasion and dissemination of cancer cells. Clinically, progression is the most relevant stage in the natural history of cancers. A given virus is usually regarded as oncogenic because of ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Elgui de Oliveira D,Müller-Coan BG,Pagano JS

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 evades antibody-mediated neutralization in many cunning ways. The recent structural characterization of a conserved neutralization epitope on the envelope glycoprotein complex (Env) provides clues to the vulnerabilities of the virus. We discuss these observations and explain their relevance for HIV-1 vaccine des...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Eggink D,Melchers M,Sanders RW

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Strains of Helicobacter pylori from patients with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer contain a 40-kb fragment of DNA that is not present in isolates from carriers with asymptomatic infections. The discovery of the cag pathogenicity island suggests that virulence has evolved by quantum leaps through the inheritanc...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Covacci A,Falkow S,Berg DE,Rappuoli R

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), which is caused by Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli, is the commonest cause of acute renal failure in childhood. It is widely believed that HUS develops following the release of Stx, an AB5 toxin that inhibits protein synthesis and has a direct toxic effect on the kidney ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Heyderman RS,Soriani M,Hirst TR

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many years, there has been controversy over the role of antibodies in immunity to Candida, but recently specific antibodies to mannoproteins and hsp90 have been shown to be protective against murine candidiasis. Combined with technical advances in antibody engineering, this raises the possibility of harnessing suc...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Matthews R,Burnie J

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until recently, bacterial responses to changes in light environments were regarded as specialized adaptations in a small number of phototrophs. However, the genomes of many photosynthetic and chemotrophic bacteria not known to have photophysiological responses also encode photoreceptor proteins. What new trends in the...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Gomelsky M,Hoff WD

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enveloped viruses encode membrane-associated glycoproteins that direct the initial stages of virus infection. These usually oligomeric structures bind virions to cell surface receptors and, subsequently, direct fusion of viral membranes with cellular membranes. These structures are also the primary targets of neutrali...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Morrison TG

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human coronaviruses (HCoVs), including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, are zoonotic pathogens that originated in wild animals. HCoVs have large genomes that encode a fixed array of structural and nonstructural components, as well as a variety of accessory proteins that differ in number and sequence even among closely related C...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Forni D,Cagliani R,Clerici M,Sironi M

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian immune system includes a sophisticated array of antimicrobial mechanisms. However, successful pathogens have developed subversive strategies to detect, modulate, and/or evade immune control and clearance. Independent disciplines study host immunology and bacterial pathogenesis, but interkingdom signaling...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Gestal MC,Whitesides LT,Harvill ET

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial flagellum is a complex self-assembling nanomachine that contains its own type III protein export apparatus. Upon completion of early flagellar structure, this apparatus switches substrate specificity to export late structural subunits, thereby coupling sequential flagellar gene expression with flagellar ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Ferris HU,Minamino T

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assembly of microbial communities within the gastrointestinal tract during early life plays a critical role in immune, endocrine, metabolic, and other host developmental pathways. Environmental insults during this period, such as food insecurity and infections, can disrupt this optimal microbial succession, which ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Robertson RC,Manges AR,Finlay BB,Prendergast AJ

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For decades, hemagglutinin (HA) protein structure and its refolding mechanism have served as a paradigm for understanding protein-mediated membrane fusion. HA trimers are in a high-energy state and are functionally activated by low pH. Over the past decade, HA stability (or the pH at which irreversible conformational ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Russell CJ,Hu M,Okda FA

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria and fungi in buildings exert an influence on the human microbiome through aerosol deposition, surface contact, and human and animal interactions. As the identities and functions of beneficial human microbes emerge, the consequences of building design, operation, and function must be understood to maintain the...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Peccia J,Kwan SE

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00