Abstract:
:To support nipple attachment and huddling, rat pups must learn to approach and prefer maternal odor. Similar to other altricial species, rat pups have a sensitive period for learning this odor preference, which ends around postnatal day (PN) 10 and coincides with the emergence of walking. One characteristic of this sensitive period is that an odor paired with moderate shock elicits an odor preference. After PN10, this behavioral training produces an odor aversion, although pain threshold remains unchanged. Recently, we demonstrated that the endogenous opioid system might be a key element in the acquisition of the shock-induced odor preference during the sensitive period since antagonism of this system disrupts odor preference learning. In older pups, acquisition of a shock-induced odor aversion was unaffected by opioid system manipulation. The purpose of these experiments was to further elucidate the role of opioids in infant olfactory learning through assessment of memory consolidation and expression during and after the sensitive period. In Experiment 1, we demonstrate that naltrexone (NTX), a nonspecific opioid antagonist, given immediately following odor-shock conditioning during the sensitive period, blocks odor preference formation and yields an odor aversion. However, the same treatment does not disrupt consolidation of an odor aversion in older pups. In Experiment 2, we demonstrate that during the sensitive period, NTX disrupts expression of the shock-induced odor preference, but not the learned odor aversion in older pups. Results using this model of attachment suggest that opioids have an important role in the acquisition, consolidation, and expression of early olfactory preferences. Furthermore, since prenatal drug exposure is known to alter the endogenous opioid system, these results highlight the capacity of prenatal opiate exposure to disrupt early infant learning and attachment.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Roth TL,Sullivan RMdoi
10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00961-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-01-01 00:00:00pages
135-42issue
1eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
S0031938402009617journal_volume
78pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Decreased body weight and increased pancreas weight which occur in rats fed raw soybeans are thought to be due to the presence of trypsin inhibitors in the soybeans (SBTI). Since trypsin is postulated to be a negative feedback signal for cholecystokinin (CCK) secretion, SBTI may have these effects by increasing secret...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(83)90071-9
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suppression of sham feeding by exogenous CCK-8 or intraintestinal oleate infusion is attenuated by peripheral administration of the CCK-A receptor antagonist, devazepide, but not by the CCK-B antagonist, L365260. Likewise, systemically administered devazepide increases food intake by real feeding rats. These results s...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00519-2
更新日期:1998-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Three techniques were compared: automated recording (A) of 2 h of feeding activities conveyed to a computer by constantly connected electronic balances, videotaping (V) of a closeup of the head of a chick during a feed-pecking session analyzed by focal sampling at reduced speed (16 times slower), strength of pecking (...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00535-5
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work evaluated the effects of moderate physical exercise performed under hypoxic conditions on melatonin and sleep. Forty healthy men were randomized into four groups: Normoxia (N) (n = 10); Hypoxia (H) (n = 10); Exercise under Normoxia (EN) (n = 10); and Exercise under Hypoxia (EH) (n = 10). The observation peri...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.08.016
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meal pattern measures (e.g., bout length and bout number) provide a detailed description of the elements of ingestion, and as a result they are theoretically more sensitive to experimental manipulation than simple measurements of total consumption over a fixed time period. For this reason, meal pattern measures are of...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)90255-0
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been reported that the addition of Acarbose, a alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, to a carbohydrate solution blocks a preference that otherwise would be displayed for that solution. One interpretation of those results is that the alteration in preference was caused by the diminished postabsorptive nutritive value of ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)90109-0
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 24-hour sleep-wake cycle of untreated, normal rats and of capsaicin-treated rats was continuously recorded by telemetry. Recordings were made on two baseline days at 22 degrees C, two days at 29 degrees C, and two final days at 22 degrees C. In untreated animals the daily amount of waking was reduced by the elevat...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(83)90148-8
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regulation of food and fluid intake in lactating women was examined by comparing maternal intake during lactation, 6 weeks postpartum, to intake in two groups of nonpregnant, nonlactating women. All subjects completed a questionnaire and then filled out a food-intake diary for seven consecutive days. Lactating wom...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(93)90071-m
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sensation of thirst plays an important role in the consumption of water or other fluids to rehydrate the body in order to keep bodily functions working properly. An increase in saliva secretion, wetting the mouth by ingestion of liquids, and cooling and sour components in products can alleviate this sensation alre...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.08.007
更新日期:2017-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sex differences exist in the regulation of energy homeostasis in response to calorie scarcity or excess. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the anorexigenic neuropeptides regulating energy homeostasis. Expression of Bdnf mRNA in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) is closely associated w...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.03.028
更新日期:2014-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Prior work indicates that rats prefer a mixture of sucrose and maltodextrin to either carbohydrate alone. The present experiment examined whether a sucrose + maltodextrin (S + M) mixture also increases total fluid intake as does saccharin + carbohydrate mixtures. In 23 h/day, one-bottle tests male rats consumed more o...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00478-2
更新日期:1998-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::We examined changes of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol levels in 24-h urine accompanying emotional behavior in cats such as restlessness, threat, and quiet biting attack elicited by electrical stimulation of specific sites within the hypothalamus. Although norepinephrine remained unchanged with restlessness ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)00233-u
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A binge drinking pattern of alcohol consumption has been shown to have an impact on brain structures that continue to develop into late adolescence. These same brain structures have been implicated in processing self-movement cues. The current study applies an array of existing and novel kinematic analysis techniques ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.04.027
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test the hypothesis that testosterone (T) sexually differentiates gonadotropin secretion and sexual behavior by inducing synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA), newborn female rats received intrahypothalamic infusions of saline or cordycepin, an adenosine analogue that preferentially inhibits synthesis of polyadenylated...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(87)90264-2
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acoustic startle response (ASR) and open-field activity was examined in the 46th generation of mice that have been selectively bred for high analgesia (HA) and for low analgesia (LA) induced by 3-min swimming in 20 degrees C water. These lines were earlier found to differ in brain opioid receptor density and in the ex...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00289-4
更新日期:2000-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The present study addressed the possible role of a conditioned taste aversion in the anorectic effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the rat. Pairing an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of LPS (100 micrograms/kg b.wt.) with the subsequent presentation of a familiar diet (FD) or of a novel-tasting saccharin die...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(93)90309-4
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gray short-tailed opossums (Monodelphis domestica) are small marsupials, which have recently become the subjects of numerous laboratory investigations. While these opossums have well-developed olfactory systems and complex scent-marking behaviors, the significance of their use of odors in conspecific communication is ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2003.07.005
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A causal relationship between declining nocturnal core temperature, increasing peripheral temperature, and sleep onset has been reported. The exact trigger for these thermoregulatory changes around sleep onset, however, is unknown. Our aim was to examine one possible trigger: prior knowledge of bedtime. Fourteen young...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.11.018
更新日期:2007-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Groups of rats were chronically exposed to a 1.0-g/L caffeine solution for 5, 10, 15 or 20 days. Upon removal of caffeine, rats were given brief exposure to a novel flavour CS (withdrawal CS) followed by 12 days of plain water and then brief exposure to a second flavour CS (neutral CS). Only rats exposed to 20 days of...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.06.007
更新日期:2008-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the hypothesis that prenatal stress potentiates defensive responsiveness which may interfere with the expression of appetitive behavioral activities. Sibling pairs of prenatally stressed and control juvenile rats were placed in an unfamiliar environment. The latency and frequency of social play, a sought-a...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(92)90147-t
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior research has noted a relationship between an individual's height in adolescence and their personality development later in life. This study examined whether height in adolescence--net of possible confounding variables such as age and biological maturity--predicted polydrug use in adolescence and young adulthood....
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.09.013
更新日期:2012-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments examined the contribution of the two catecholamines--epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NE)--to the control of food intake and body weight gain in male rats during chronic exercise. Urinary excretion of both catecholamines rose significantly and was positively correlated to food intake inhibition (N...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(88)90278-8
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single and population-mean cosinor analyses document a circadian rhythm in salivary cortisol of pigs (p < 0.001). The midline estimated statistic of rhythm, the MESOR (M), is 1.50 +/- 0.07 ng/ml. For the group of 14 pigs studied there was a predictable variation of 64% around this mean in salivary cortisol within a da...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(96)00107-2
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute exercise evokes an almost instantaneous lymphocytosis, followed by sustained lymphopenia that occurs within just 30-60 min after exercise cessation. The aim of this study was to characterize the immediate (order of minutes) post-exercise kinetics of lymphocyte and monocyte egress, and to determine whether this e...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.008
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Winter is an energetically stressful period for small mammals as increasing demands for thermoregulation are often coupled with shortages of food supply. In sub-tropical savannah, Hottentot golden moles (Ambysomus hottentottus longiceps) forage throughout the year and for long periods of each day. This may enable them...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.02.022
更新日期:2005-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of substantia nigra (SN) (pars compacta) stimulation on the rage reaction elicited by ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) were investigated in the cat. The studied parameters of the rage reaction were: the current and the frequency threshold for the appearance of the hissing and the hissing latency. A ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(86)90395-1
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early overnutrition disrupts leptin sensitivity and the development of hypothalamic pathways involved in the regulation of metabolism and feeding behavior. While previous studies have largely focused on the development of neuronal projections, few studies have examined the impact of early nutrition on hypothalamic syn...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.002
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium deficit poses a life-threatening challenge to body fluid homeostasis and generates a sodium appetite - the behavioral drive to ingest sodium. Dr. Randall R. Sakai greatly contributed to our understanding of the hormonal responses to negative sodium balance and to the central processing of these signals. Reactiv...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.11.021
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have demonstrated previously that the use of an across-session progressive ratio procedure yields breakpoint values for 10% ethanol (10E) that are stable and comparable to those measured for other drugs of abuse [Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 23 (1999) 1580]. The aims of the present experiment were twofold: (1). to dete...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00963-0
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ingestion of low or high lipid diets enriched with fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) affects energy homeostasis. Ingesting protein diets also induces a depression of energy intake and decreases body weight. The goal of this study was to investigate the ability of FOS, combined or not with a high level of protein (P), t...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.10.009
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00