Abstract:
:Artificial neural network (ANN) technology is finding increasing application in medicine and biomedical engineering. This paper supplies necessary background in ANN technology for researchers unfamiliar with this rapidly emerging discipline. This introduction to ANN application is cast in the context of epileptic seizure epicenter location. This is a very real problem faced by neurosurgeons every day. Precise location of the area of excision is currently determined with a network of surgically implanted subdural electrodes. This means that the cure entails two surgical procedures: one to implant the electrode array that precisely locates the epicenter, and another to remove the epicenter. This paper outlines an experimental diagnostic software system (DSS) that uses artificial neural network (ANN) analysis of magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data to eliminate the first of these surgical procedures. The MEG recording is a quick and painless process that requires no surgery. This approach has the potential to save time, reduce patient discomfort, and eliminate a painful and potentially dangerous surgical step in the treatment procedure.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Hand Cdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04907.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-12-01 00:00:00pages
306-14eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
980pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Phosphomannose isomerase (PMI), an enzyme not present in many plants, catalyzes the reversible interconversion of mannose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate. Plant cells lacking this enzyme are incapable of surviving on synthetic medium containing mannose. Thus PMI/mannose selection has utility in the identification...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04138.x
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we first present methods and preliminary results of pilot surveys of "serious" mental retardation (IQ less than or equal to 55); the surveys included screening and diagnostic components and were carried out in the less-developed world. Next we discuss two problems raised by these surveys: one is the diag...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb40316.x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The central nervous system (CNS) plays a vital role in regulating energy balance and metabolism. Over the last 50 years, studies in animal models have allowed us to identify critical CNS regions involved in these processes and even crucial cell populations. Now, techniques for genetically and anatomically targeted man...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb34395.x
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abstract::Vitamin A deficiency has been shown to affect vision, reproduction, cellular differentiation, and maintenance of epithelial and skeletal tissues. Different vitamin A compounds, i.e., retinol and retinoic acid, vary in their ability to fulfill these biologic functions. Aside from vision, the exact molecular mechanisms ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb21326.x
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmune disease affects a significant proportion of the population. The etiology of most autoimmune diseases is largely unknown, but it is thought to be multifactorial with both environmental and genetic influences. Rare monogenic autoimmune diseases, however, offer an invaluable window into potential disease mecha...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-09-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1998-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Murine schistosomiasis mansoni is a parasitic disease in which flukes living in the portal vein of the host produce ova that deposit in the liver and intestines. In these organs, ova release antigens that induce chronic, focal granulomatous inflammation. IFN-gamma is an inflammatory cytokine important in macrophage ac...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four weeks immobilization of the right leg of aged rats (26 months old) caused a marked 31% and 27% reduction of muscle mass of the plantaris and soleus muscles, respectively. In animals treated with 0.6 mg/kg body weight of growth hormone (GH), the reduction of weight of the above muscles was only 14.7 and 16.1%, res...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb39082.x
更新日期:1996-06-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.12582
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developmental dyslexia is associated with problems in a range of linguistic and non-linguistic skills. Some of those problems have been attributed to dysfunction of the cerebellum and its associated neural systems. Two studies of cerebellar structure were undertaken by our group. In Study 1, white and grey matter volu...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1416.002
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells derived from human trabecular bones have been shown to have multipotential differentiation ability along osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. In this study, we have derived two clonal sublines of human trabecular bone cells by means of stable transduction with human papilloma virus E6/E7 genes. Our...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb03054.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is not confined only to late shock states but is a typical finding in intoxications with such oxidizing agents as O3, NO2, chlorate, or paraquat. Under experimental conditions, alpha-tocopherol in a high enteric dosage (2 x 50 mg/kg) was able to prevent alterations of pul...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb31278.x
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified human urinary CSF-1 was used for production of polyclonal CSF antibodies in rabbits. The purified CSF was iodinated by a modified chloramine-T technique with retention of biologic activity. Dilutions of anti-CSF were reacted with 15,000 cpm of 125I-CSF in EDTA-phosphate buffer for 48 hr. Sheep antirabbit seru...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb22417.x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is considerable evidence linking alcohol consumption, sedation, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in the brain septum. We have shown that ethanol in clinically relevant concentrations can in vitro induce TRH release from the septum by a mechanism involving neuronal swelling. Corticotropin-releasing hormone...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1296.024
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compare diverging evolution of a two-component (gas+stars) galactic disk embedded in a "live" halo with that of an identical pure stellar disk. Our modeling supports the conjecture that the growth of central concentration in galaxies dissolves the main family of regular orbits in the stellar bar and assists in the ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb11258.x
更新日期:1998-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we examined the potential impact of a T-to-C substitution at nucleotide 1519 of the GABA(A)alpha6 receptor subunit gene (GABRA6) on obesity and obesity-related phenotypes as well as circulating hormones, including salivary cortisol, in 284 unrelated Swedish men born in 1944. The subjects were gen...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04318.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested that metabolic inhibition is neuroprotective, but little evidence has been provided to support this proposal. Using the in vitro rabbit retina preparation as an established model of the central nervous system (CNS), we measured the rate of glucose utilization and lactate production, and...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1370.011
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the evidence for oxidative stress for air pollution in the human lung is fragmentary, the hypothesis that oxidative stress is an important, if not the sole, mechanism of toxicity of oxidizing air pollutants and tobacco smoke is compelling and growing. First, biochemical mechanisms have been worked out for oxi...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb17095.x
更新日期:1992-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::The vertebrate neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a "tripartite" synapse, composed of three cellular elements: the presynaptic nerve terminal, the postsynaptic specialization, and synapse-associated glial cells, called perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs; also called terminal Schwann cells). During development, PSCs grow be...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1405.016
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper analyzes the effect of low amplitude friction and noise in accelerating phase space transport in time-independent Hamiltonian systems that exhibit global stochasticity. Numerical experiments reveal that even very weak non-Hamiltonian perturbations can dramatically increase the rate at which an ensemble of o...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb11267.x
更新日期:1998-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Acylated aldose dialkyl dithioacetals with bromine undergo replacement of one alkylthio group by bromine. These unstable bromides react, as by fusion with 2,4-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)pyrimidine, to give acylated 1-(pyrimidin-1-yl) derivatives that upon saponification afford acyclic sugar nucleoside analogues, some as se...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb29219.x
更新日期:1975-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroendocrine tumors are very heterogeneous, develop from a variety of tissues, and can be difficult to diagnose. Without the clinical manifestation of metastases, it is often difficult to characterize them as malignant. Even so-called completely (R0) resected tumors can spread clinically visible metastases within a ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1353.055
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The entry of resting T cells into the G1 phase of the cell cycle after stimulation by mitogens is controlled by a series of biochemical events that are independent of growth factors. These events follow the initial signals stimulated through the engagement of the T-cell receptor and include activation of the cyclin-de...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb26657.x
更新日期:1995-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::Older age is associated with functional declines throughout the body, including some aspects of cognitive performance. While dementia develops in only some elderly individuals, declines in cognitive functioning have an impact on daily living for many others. There are individual differences in age-related cognitive ch...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1323.014
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The quasibiennial oscillation (QBO) dominates the variability of the equatorial stratosphere and also affects the circulation and temperature of the extratropical region. In this paper we review previous work showing that the mid- to high-latitude circulation is weaker (stronger) when QBO easterlies (westerlies) domin...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1446.007
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) impairs olfaction, but it is uncertain how early this occurs in the disease process and whether the effect can be accounted for by other behavioral or genetic markers of the disease. We administered the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT) to 471 older people without dementia or cognitive im...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04013.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00