Abstract：
:The aim was to assess relationships between increased aerobic fitness sustained over 4 years, and changes in blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and lipids. Measurements were made of BP, lipids, weight, and fitness in 1000 middle-aged men and women entering a fitness programme, and were repeated 2 and 4 years later. The 342 men and women selected for this 4-year follow-up were either consistent fitness "gainers" (improved by > 5%) or "non-gainers" (improved by < or = 5%) at 2 and 4 year stages. For men, comparisons of these groups and multiple regression analyses failed to show significant relationships between changes in fitness and risk factors over the 4 year period. For women, "gainers" improved more than "non-gainers" in SBP (by 4 mmHg, p < 0.03), HDL/cholesterol ratio (by 0.01 mmol l-1, p < 0.0001), and triglycerides (by 0.02 mmol l-1, p < 0.05); regression analyses resulted in a significant relationship between changes in fitness and SBP (B = 0.012, p < 0.05). The study gave weak support to the existence of causal relationships between aerobic fitness and CHD risk factors for women, and no support for men.
journal_name
J Clin Epidemioljournal_title
Journal of clinical epidemiologyauthors
Sedgwick AW,Thomas DW,Davies Mdoi
10.1016/0895-4356(93)90052-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-02-01 00:00:00pages
141-51issue
2eissn
0895-4356issn
1878-5921pii
0895-4356(93)90052-3journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The basic objective of this paper is to evaluate an age-comorbidity index in a cohort of patients who were originally enrolled in a prospective study to identify risk factors for peri-operative complications. Two-hundred and twenty-six patients were enrolled in the study. The participants were patients with hypertensi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(94)90129-5
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the factor structure of the Missoula Vitas Quality of Life Index (MVQOLI) in palliative care patients in South Africa and Uganda and to assess the tool's appropriateness for measuring quality of life (QOL) in this context. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Cross-sectional survey using the MVQOLI, a 26-item...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.12.013
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Model specification-what adjusting variables are analytically modeled-may influence results of observational associations. We present a standardized approach to quantify the variability of results obtained with choices of adjustments called the "vibration of effects" (VoE). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We estim...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.05.029
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to compare the relative responsiveness of a condition-specific spinal stenosis measure and two generic health status measures for outcome assessment of surgery for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, and to examine whether responsiveness statistics and measures of the ability to distin...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(95)00054-2
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We aimed to generate evidence on patients' values and preferences to inform the development of the German national Evidence-based Anal Cancer Guideline. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We developed a list of health outcomes based on a systematic search. We then asked anal cancer patients and experts of the guidelin...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.09.026
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern that is increasing mainly as the result of increasing incidences of diabetes and hypertension. Furthermore, if left untreated, individuals with CKD may progress to end-stage kidney failure. Identifying individuals with undiagnosed CKD or those who are a...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.06.020
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Risk difference (RD) is often estimated from relative association measures generated by meta-analysis and a particular group's baseline risk. We describe a problematic situation in using this approach. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We encountered a meta-analysis in which a confidence interval (CI) of relative ris...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.11.005
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administrative databases are increasingly used for studying outcomes of medical care. Valid inferences from such data require the ability to account for disease severity and comorbid conditions. We adapted a clinical comorbidity index, designed for use with medical records, for research relying on International Classi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(92)90133-8
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Loss to follow-up threatens internal and external validity yet little research has examined ways to limit participant attrition. We conducted a systematic review of studies with a primary focus on strategies to retain participants in health care research. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS:We completed searches of Pu...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.11.023
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Differential recall between compared groups is discussed most often in the context of case-control studies. Cases, compared to controls, are suspected of providing a more complete report of their true exposure to an hypothesized risk factor, thereby biasing upwards the estimate of its effect. The present paper describ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(90)90100-4
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To study the statistical power of randomized clinical trials and examine developments over time. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We analyzed the statistical power in 136,212 clinical trials between 1975 and 2014 extracted from meta-analyses from the Cochrane database of systematic reviews. We determined study powe...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.06.014
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The decision to make protocols of phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) publicly accessible by leading journals was a landmark event in clinical trial reporting. Here, we compared primary outcomes defined in protocols with those in publications describing the trials and in trial registration. STUDY ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.07.010
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to assess whether trials with a positive (i.e., statistically significant) outcome are cited more often than negative trials. We reviewed 530 randomized clinical trials on hepato-biliary diseases published in 11 English-language journals indexed in MEDLINE from 1985-1996. From each tria...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00513-3
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies show a relationship between abdominal obesity and cardiovascular diseases, partially mediated through an altered metabolism of dyslipidemia. The present study was aimed at testing the robustness of this association across three contrasted populations and at assessing the performances of abdominal obesi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00184-5
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In some trials, the intervention is delivered to individuals in groups, for example, groups that exercise together. The group structure of such trials has to be taken into consideration in the analysis and has an impact on the power of the trial. Our aim was to provide optimal methods for the design and analy...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.05.007
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the impact of disease and treatment on patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we set out to determine a clinically meaningful change (CMC) on the Lung Cancer Subscale (LCS) and the Trial Outcome Index (TOI) of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung (FACT-L) questionnaire. We use...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00477-2
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Methods to identify studies for systematic reviews of diagnostic accuracy are less well developed than for reviews of intervention studies. This study assessed (1) the sensitivity and precision of five published search strategies and (2) the reliability and accuracy of reviewers screening the ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.09.011
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess differences between three different decision-making approaches in the method of panel diagnosis as reference standard in diagnostic research. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Within a diagnostic study, the prevalence of heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was compared using...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.09.020
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Formulas are derived for determination of the number of patients needed in a prospective comparison of survival curves, when the control group patients have already been followed for some period. Although an explicit formula for the required sample size is not available, the computing is straightforward, and tables of...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(88)90025-x
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From a database of 93,077 in-patient admissions, patients assigned to catastrophic, very severe, moderately severe, and average 30-day mortality risk categories (as defined in Medicare Hospital Mortality Information, 1989 release, from the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA] were selected for study. These admi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(91)90100-n
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Citations by other researchers are important in the dissemination of research findings. We aimed to investigate whether preferential citation of statistically significant articles exists in the psychiatric literature. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS:We analyzed all original research papers published in 1996 in fou...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.11.014
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To ascertain the smallest amounts of change for the three Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) domains that are likely to be clinically meaningful and beyond measurement error for conditions affecting the foot/ankle. Estimates were compared with those from the Short-Form 36 (SF-36). STUDY DESIGN AND...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.01.003
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prospective study on the effects of occupational and individual factors on neck trouble was carried out among 1832 men representing static work with whole-body vibration (machine operators), dynamic physical work (construction carpenters) and sedentary work (office workers). Neck trouble and occupational and individ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(94)90085-x
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reliability testing was conducted on a survey instrument for a genetic epidemiological study of Parkinson's disease (PD). Information on demographics, medical history, places of residence, and occupations was collected. The instrument was administered to 11 pairs of siblings discordant for PD and then re-administered ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00229-8
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Health screening is defined as the use of a test or a series of tests to detect unrecognized health risks or preclinical disease in apparently healthy populations to permit prevention and timely intervention. A health screening strategy consists of the sequence of a screening test, confirmatory test(s), and finally, t...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.09.009
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Case-mix adjustment is difficult for stroke outcome studies using administrative data. However, relevant prescription, laboratory, procedure, and service claims might be surrogates for stroke severity. This study proposes a method for developing a stroke severity index (SSI) by using administrative data. ST...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.01.009
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC curves) are often used to compare continuous diagnostic tests or determine the optimal threshold of a test; however, they do not consider the costs of misclassifications or the disease prevalence. The ROC graph was extended to allow for these aspects. STUDY ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.01.003
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence and mortality due to the major cancers such as lung, breast, colon-rectum, prostate, and ovary have changed very little over the past 20-30 years, in spite of the introduction of important new treatments and apparent prolongation of survival of patients with these cancers. The new strategies focus on ear...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(94)90205-4
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To demonstrate the value of item response theory (IRT) and differential item functioning (DIF) methods in examining a health-related quality-of-life measure in children and adolescents. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:This illustration uses data from 5,429 children using the four subscales of the PedsQL 4.0 Generic...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.05.002
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The impact of disease on population health is most commonly estimated by the population attributable fraction (PAF), or less commonly by the excess risk, an alternative measure that estimates the absolute risk of disease in the population that can be ascribed to the exposure. Using chronic airflow obstructio...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.10.020
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
