Abstract:
:Pheochromocytomas cause the most dramatic life-threatening crises in all of endocrinology. Pheochromocytoma is an explosive clinical syndrome that may be characterized by either severe hypertension associated with cerebral, cardiac, and renal complications or hypotension, or even shock and sudden death. Other emergencies include lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia, hypercalcemic crisis, severe hypokalemic alkalosis, and acute bowel obstruction due to bowel ischemia, necessitating prompt surgical intervention. Better understanding of the mechanisms of catecholamine action and the pathophysiology of pheochromocytoma and the availability of various treatment modalities have made successful management more promising than ever before.
journal_name
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Amjournal_title
Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North Americaauthors
Bravo EL,Gifford RW Jrsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-06-01 00:00:00pages
329-41issue
2eissn
0889-8529issn
1558-4410journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::P450c17 commands a central role in human steroidogenesis as the qualitative regulator of steroid hormone flux. Consequently, the study of P450c17 deficiencies in human beings serves to illustrate many aspects of the physiology of steroid biosynthesis and to demonstrate salient features of the genetics and biochemistry...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(08)70021-5
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although biotechnology has provided physicians with essentially unlimited supplies of growth hormone (GH), there are currently only a few clear-cut indications for exogenous GH therapy. Data now support the use of GH in the treatment of children with GH deficiency and short girls with Turner syndrome. Tantalizing prel...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene causing MEN 1 has been localized to chromosome 11, band 11q13, by tumor deletion mapping studies and by family linkage studies. Molecular genetic markers flanking the MEN 1 gene have been defined, and they are of use in identifying disease gene carriers in a family. These individuals, who are at a high risk o...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare type of thyroid cancer, demonstrating variable behavior from indolent disease to highly aggressive, progressive disease. There are distinguishing phenotypic features of sporadic and hereditary MTC. Activation or overexpression of cell surface receptors and up-regulation of i...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2014.02.004
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A wide variety of medications, devices, and surgical interventions are available to patients who have ED. These range from first-line oral agents to second-line therapy with injections or vacuum devices to third-line options, such as penile prosthesis implantation. In this article, we cover available treatments for er...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2007.02.001
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article describes the basic skills for the design, implementation, and interpretation of randomized controlled studies. Strengths and limitations of each study design are discussed. Epidemiologic issues in the analysis and interpretation of studies, such as loss to follow-up and biases, are included. Numerous cli...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70231-0
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 70% of patients who form metabolic stones have the idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis syndrome, which is diagnosed by exclusion of other identifiable metabolic abnormalities. This article reviews the classification, risk factors, and treatment options for those patients with this syndrome. ...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis is prevalent in transplant recipients and is related to pre- and post-transplantation factors. Low bone density and fractures may antedate transplantation, related to traditional risk factors for osteoporosis, effects of chronic illness, and end-stage organ failure and its therapy, on the skeleton. Bone l...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2007.07.008
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are many pathways that might lead to decreased bone mass, skeletal fragility, and increased fracture risk in osteoporosis. Some of these have been clearly identified, such as estrogen deficiency. Others that were conceived on the basis of experimental findings and recent scientific discoveries such as abnormalit...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(02)00055-5
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T (TR) lymphocytes are essential to the maintenance of immunologic tolerance in the host. The discovery of Foxp3 as a transcription factor essential to the differentiation of TR ushered in detailed studies of the molecular mechanisms of TR cell development, peripheral homeostasis, and effector ...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2009.01.002
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morbid obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Unfortunately, medical interventions have been largely ineffective in this growing population. Currently bariatric surgery is the most effective intervention in managing morbid obesity and its comorbidities. As more patients become eligible for and ...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(03)00002-1
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Well differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in children is characterized by a high rate of response to treatment and low disease-specific mortality. Treatment of children with DTC has evolved toward a greater reliance on evaluation and monitoring with serial serum thyroglobulin measurements and ultrasound examinations. R...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2016.02.002
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is an important and modifiable risk factor for the macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes. Prior literature outlines the significance of lowering blood pressure and subsequent cardiovascular and microvascular benefits. Blood pressure targets of less than 140/90 mm Hg are recommended in ...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2017.10.008
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, new avenues in the understanding of immunologic processes involved in hypothyroidism have been explored. The discovery of a family of TSH-R directed antibodies, including TSI-block, TGI, and TGI-block, has afforded perspectives on the etiology of autoimmune thyroid disorders. Thus, whereas TSI and TSI...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adrenal disorders may manifest during pregnancy de novo, or before pregnancy undiagnosed or diagnosed and treated. Adrenal disorders may present as hormonal hypofunction or hyperfunction, or with mass effects or other nonendocrine effects. Pregnancy presents special problems in the evaluation of the hypothalamic-pitui...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2011.09.001
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary aldosteronism used to be considered a rare cause of secondary hypertension. However, accruing evidence indicates that primary aldosteronism is more common than previously recognized. The implications of this increased prevalence are important to public health because autonomous aldosterone production contribut...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2019.08.002
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In summary, patients who will remain on glucocorticoids for more than a few weeks are clearly at risk for osteoporosis. A list of therapeutic strategies is provided in Table 2. While our therapy remains inadequate at this time, newer agents are on the horizon. In the near future, it may be possible to recommend specif...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, an overview is presented of hypophysitis in terms of current clinical and experimental findings, with discussion of the anatomic and histopathologic classification of primary hypophysitis and factors associated with secondary hypophysitis. In addition, discusses the pathophysiology, clinical features,...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2014.10.011
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::All of the actions of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) can be explained on the basis of ANF's interaction with specific receptors on the plasma membrane of cells in target tissues. These receptors have been identified. Binding to these receptors by ANF is time dependent and specific and occurs with high affinity. Numer...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnostic term, idiopathic short stature, has emerged over the past 30 years and refers to children with short stature of unknown etiology. Controversy exists regarding the scope of the diagnosis and options for its treatment. This article reviews origins of the diagnosis idiopathic short stature and current diag...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2005.04.003
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is a major hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and obesity that is characterized by impaired insulin-mediated glucose transport and glycogen synthesis and by increased intramyocellular content of lipid metabolites. Several studies have provided evidence for mitochondrial dy...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2008.06.006
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus are chronic diseases with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Recent evidence suggests that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with an increased fracture risk. Fracture as a complication of diabetes must be considered when evaluating and treating patients with...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2013.09.004
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article we present factors that determine whether one can trust the results of studies that describe the properties of diagnostic tests. We review the ways in which the results of such studies could be presented to the readers and consider factors that determine the value of such reports in one's own clinical ...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(02)00018-x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this article is to differentiate the insulin resistance syndrome from the metabolic syndrome. In the case of the insulin resistance syndrome, the abnormalities and clinical syndromes that are increased in prevalence in insulin-resistant individuals have been summarized, with a brief discussion of the causa...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2004.03.002
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male infertility is a common problem but only about one quarter of patients have specific or defined conditions that make them either sterile or severely infertile. About half of these patients have untreatable primary seminiferous tubule failure, and donor insemination or adoption are the only possibilities of having...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging in men is associated with a decrease in serum testosterone levels due to attrition in testicular Leydig cells and slowing of the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator. The practicing endocrinologist is frequently consulted for consideration of testosterone therapy in older men with late-onset hypogonadism (LOH), a c...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2013.02.012
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare, slow-growing neoplasms characterized by their ability to store and secrete different peptides and neuroamines. Some of these substances cause specific clinical syndromes whereas others are not associated with specific syndromes or symptom complexes. NETs usually have episodic exp...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2010.12.010
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This systematic review highlights the uncertainty about the safety and efficacy of glucocorticoid withdrawal in many chronic diseases, elucidating the need for further research in this area. The problem of glucocorticoid withdrawal seems to be good example for wide variation in physicians' approaches to weaning patien...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(02)00008-7
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethnicity is a complex yet important construct and an independent risk factor for diabetic heart disease (DHD) with paramount clinical significance. Clinicians should try to better understand the role of ethnicity through more questions. The risk of DHD is modified by ethnicity through more questions. The risk of DHD ...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2006.06.004
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific lesions of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis have been identified in humans, each of which has distinctive auxologic and biochemical features. Measures of circulating IGF-I are useful in diagnosing growth disorders in childhood and in evaluating response to GH therapy. Recombinant ...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.010
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00